James Learmonth Gowans

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Sir James Learmonth "Jim" Gowans CBE FRS FRCP (7 May 1924 – 1 April 2020^[1]) was a British physician and immunologist. In 1945, while studying medicine at King's College Hospital, he assisted at the liberated Bergen-Belsen concentration camp as a voluntary medical student.^[2]

Gowans was born in Sheffield, England. He graduated in medicine in 1947 from King's College Hospital, then in 1948 obtained a degree in physiology at Oxford, followed by a Ph.D. with Howard Florey at the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology at Oxford on lymphocytes. He then became a professor of experimental pathology at Oxford. In 1977, he left his research career for ten years to be secretary of the Medical Research Council. He served as Secretary-General of the Human Frontier Science Program in 1989. He was a colleague and life-long friend of George Bellamy Mackaness.^[3]

He made significant discoveries about the role of lymphocytes in the immune response. In particular, he showed that some lymphocytes were not short-lived, as previously assumed, but moved from the blood into the lymphatic system and back. On the initiative of Peter Medawar he also undertook experiments on rats that showed that lymphocytes play an important role in transplant rejection.^{[citation needed]}

In 1963, Gowans became a Fellow of the Royal Society. He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 1971 New Year Honours for services to medical science and a Knight Bachelor in the 1982 New Year Honours.^[4]^[5]

In 1980, he was awarded the Wolf Prize in Medicine. He was a foreign member of the National Academy of Sciences and a SSI Honorary Member (1971),^[6] and received several honorary doctorates. In 1968 he received the Gairdner Foundation International Award and in 1990 shared the first Medawar Prize with Jacques Miller. In 1974, he was awarded the Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize. He won the Royal Medal in 1976.^[7]

Family

In 1956, he married Moira Leatham, with whom he had a son and two daughters.^{[citation needed]}

References

Brent, Leslie (1997). A history of Transplantation Immunology. Academic Press. pp. 116–117. ISBN 9780080533995.

^ Gowans
^ "Archive of Sir James Gowans". bodley.ox.ac.uk. Retrieved 24 September 2019.
^ Carter, P. B. (2014). "George Bellamy Mackaness. 20 August 1922 — 4 March 2007". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 60: 294. doi:10.1098/RSBM.2014.0017. S2CID 71237348.
^ "No. 45262". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 December 1970. p. 8.
^ "No. 48837". The London Gazette. 30 December 1981. p. 1.
^ "Honorary Members". Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 13 October 2017.
^ "Royal Medal". Retrieved 6 December 2008.

v t e Laureates of the Wolf Prize in Medicine
1970s	George Snell / Jean Dausset / Jon J. van Rood (1978) Roger Sperry / Arvid Carlsson / Oleh Hornykiewicz (1979)
1980s	César Milstein / Leo Sachs / James L. Gowans (1980) Barbara McClintock / Stanley Norman Cohen (1981) Jean-Pierre Changeux / Solomon H. Snyder / James W. Black (1982) Donald F. Steiner (1984/5) Osamu Hayaishi (1986) Pedro Cuatrecasas / Meir Wilchek (1987) Henri G. Hers / Elizabeth F. Neufeld (1988) John Gurdon / Edward B. Lewis (1989)
1990s	Maclyn McCarty (1990) Seymour Benzer (1991) Judah Folkman (1992) Michael Berridge / Yasutomi Nishizuka (1994/5) Stanley B. Prusiner (1995/6) Mary F. Lyon (1996/7) Michael Sela / Ruth Arnon (1998) Eric Kandel (1999)
2000s	Avram Hershko / Alexander Varshavsky (2001) Ralph L. Brinster / Mario Capecchi / Oliver Smithies (2002/3) Robert Weinberg / Roger Y. Tsien (2004) Alexander Levitzki / Anthony R. Hunter / Tony Pawson (2005) Howard Cedar / Aharon Razin (2008)
2010s	Axel Ullrich (2010) Shinya Yamanaka / Rudolf Jaenisch (2011) Ronald M. Evans (2012) Nahum Sonenberg / Gary Ruvkun / Victor Ambros (2014) John Kappler / Philippa Marrack / Jeffrey V. Ravetch (2015) Lewis C. Cantley / C. Ronald Kahn (2016) James P. Allison (2017) Jeffrey M. Friedman (2019)
2020s	Emmanuelle Charpentier / Jennifer Doudna (2020) Joan Steitz / Lynne Elizabeth Maquat / Adrian Krainer (2021) Daniel J. Drucker (2023) Botond Roska / José-Alain Sahel (2024)

Authority control databases
International	VIAF WorldCat
National	Germany
Academics	Scopus

Family

See also

References