José Rodrigues Coelho do Amaral

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José Rodrigues Coelho do Amaral - Wikipedia

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José Rodrigues Coelho do Amaral

Governor of Angola

In office
1854–1860

Preceded by

Miguel Ximenes Gomes Rodrigues Sandoval de Castro e Viegas

Succeeded by

Carlos Augusto Franco

In office
1869–1870

Preceded by

Francisco António Gonçalves Cardoso

Succeeded by

Joaquim José da Graça

Governor of Macau

In office
22 June 1863 – 26 October 1866

Preceded by

Isidoro Francisco Guimarães

Succeeded by

José Maria da Ponte e Horta

Governors-General of Mozambique

In office
August 1870 – December 1873

Preceded by

Inácio A. Alves

Succeeded by

José Manuel Crispiniano da Fonseca

Personal details

Born

15 May 1808
Lisbon, Portugal

Died

14 December 1873 (aged 65)
Island of Mozambique, Mozambique, Portugal

Chinese name

Chinese

阿穆恩

Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Ā Mù'ēn
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutping	aa3 muk6 jan1

José Rodrigues Coelho do Amaral (15 May 1808 – 14 December 1873, Portuguese Mozambique) was a Portuguese noble who served as a colonial administrator and soldier in the Portuguese Empire. He is best known for his roles as the two time governor of Angola and the governor of Macau and governor of Mozambique.^[1] Coelho do Amaral further served Portugal as the plenipotentiary minister to China.

Biography

José Rodrigues Coelho do Amaral was born to a Portuguese noble family in 1808.

At an early age he joined the military. He became a military engineer, rapidly climbing the ranks to notably become the colonel of the Corps of Engineers and then a general.

His first major posting came in 1854 when he was made the governor of Angola, a post he held until 1860.

Three years later, on 22 June 1863, he was nominated as governor of Macau, a posting that lasted until 1866. He was instrumental in shaping the modern-day city through his many works. One of his first major acts as governor was the demolition of the Convento de São Francisco, building in its place a barracks for the 1st Battalion of the Line, a project completed on 30 December 1866. He later expanded the project that would later become the Forte de São Francisco. After its destruction, the barracks was rebuilt in 1937. Near the convent there was a wooded area called Campo de S. Francisco. Coelho do Amaral turned this field into garden, closing it with a balustrade, which has long since disappeared. Ordered the construction of a road between the harbor and the Mong Ha Siege. He resumed construction of the fort at Mong Ha, built Macau's first garden promenade, and ordered the construction of the lighthouse Guide there in 1865, the first ever built in Asia. He was further instrumental in resolving health problems throughout the territory.^[1]^[2]

He was again named governor in Portuguese Angola, where he was in office from 1869 to 1870.^[3]^[4]^[5]

His last governorship was as the governor of Mozambique, a post he was in from August 1870 to his death in December 1873.

Death and legacy

José Rodrigues Coelho do Amaral died in Mozambique on 14 December 1873.^[6] He was sepulchered at the Capela de Nossa Senhora do Baluarte. After his death he received various honors and awards from both the Portuguese monarchy and the Qing ruling dynasty.

In Macau, there are various streets named after Coelho do Amaral, including one of the main roads in Taipa, the Estrada Coelho do Amaral. The Taipa Museum of History contains a portrait of the governor.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "José Rodrigues Coelho do Amaral: 1863–66". Macau Antigo (in Portuguese). 31 July 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
^ 中国社会科学院近代史研究所翻译室 (1981). 近代来华外国人名辞典 (in Chinese). 中国社会科学出版社.
^ "Angola". rulers.org.
^ "Angola". worldstatesmen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-31.
^ Stewart, John (2006). African States and Rulers (3rd ed.). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company.
^ "José Rodrigues Coelho do Amaral" (in Portuguese). Geneall.

Political offices
Preceded by Miguel Ximenez Rodrigues Sandoval de Castro e Vargas	Governor of Angola 1854–1860	Succeeded by Carlos Augusto Franco
Preceded by Isidoro Francisco Guimarães	Governor of Macau 1863–1866	Succeeded by José Maria da Ponte e Horta
Preceded by Francisco António Gonçalves Cardoso (Provisional)	Governor of Angola 1869–1870	Succeeded by Joaquim José da Graça (Provisional) José Maria da Ponte e Horta

Governors of Macau

Captains-major

Governors

17th century	Francisco Mascarenhas Filipe Lobo & Jerónimo da Silveira Manuel da Câmara de Noronha Domingos da Câmara de Noronha Sebastião Lobo da Silveira Luís de Carvalho e Sousa João Pereira João de Sousa Pereira Manuel Tavares Bocarro Manuel Borges da Silva Álvaro da Silva Manuel Borges da Silva António Barbosa Lobo António de Castro Sande Luís de Melo Sampaio Belchior do Amaral de Meneses António de Mesquita Pimentel André Coelho Vieira Francisco da Costa António da Silva e Melo Gil Vaz Lobo Freire Cosme Rodrigues de Carvalho e Sousa Pedro Vaz de Sequeira
18th century	Diogo de Melo Sampaio Pedro Vaz de Sequeira José da Gama Machado Diogo do Pinho Teixeira Francisco de Melo e Castro António de Sequeira de Noronha Francisco de Alarcão Sotto-Maior António de Albuquerque Coelho António da Silva Telo e Meneses Cristóvão de Severim Manuel António Carneiro de Alcáçova António Moniz Barreto António de Amaral Meneses João do Casal Cosme Damião Pinto Pereira Diogo Pereira António de Mendonça Corte-Real José Plácido de Matos Saraiva Diogo Fernandes Salema e Saldanha Rodrigo de Castro Francisco António Pereira Coutinho Diogo Pereira de Castro António de Mendonça Corte-Real José Plácido de Matos Saraiva Diogo Fernandes Salema e Saldanha Rodrigo de Castro Diogo Fernandes Salema e Saldanha Alexandre da Silva Pedrosa Guimarães José Vicente da Silveira Meneses António José da Costa Francisco de Castro Bernardo Aleixo de Lemos e Faria Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Corte-Real Lázaro da Silva Ferreira & Manuel António Costa Ferreira Vasco Luís Carneiro de Sousa e Faro José Manuel Pinto Cristóvão Pereira de Castro
19th century	José Manuel Pinto Caetano de Sousa Pereira Bernardo Aleixo de Lemos e Faria Lucas José de Alvarenga Bernardo Aleixo de Lemos e Faria Lucas José de Alvarenga José Osório de Castro de Albuquerque Paulino da Silva Barbosa Joaquim Mourão Garcez Palha João Cabral de Estefique Bernardo José de Sousa Soares Andrea Adrião Acácio da Silveira Pinto José Gregório Pegado João Maria Ferreira do Amaral Pedro Alexandrino da Cunha Francisco António Gonçalves Cardoso Isidoro Francisco Guimarães José Rodrigues Coelho do Amaral José Maria da Ponte e Horta António Sérgio de Sousa Januário Correia de Almeida José Maria Lobo de Ávila Carlos Eugénio Correia da Silva Joaquim José da Graça Tomás de Sousa Rosa Firmino José da Costa Francisco Teixeira da Silva Custódio Miguel de Borja José Maria de Sousa Horta e Costa Eduardo Augusto Rodrigues Galhardo
20th century	Arnaldo de Novais Guedes Rebelo Martinho Pinto de Queirós Montenegro Pedro de Azevedo Coutinho José Augusto Alves Roçadas Eduardo Augusto Marques Álvaro de Melo Machado Aníbal Augusto Sanches de Miranda José Carlos da Maia Manuel Ferreira da Rocha & Agostinho Vieira de Matos Artur Tamagnini de Sousa Barbosa Henrique Monteiro Correia da Silva Rodrigo José Rodrigues Manuel Firmino de Almeida Maia Magalhães Artur Tamagnini de Sousa Barbosa Joaquim Anselmo de Mata Oliveira António José Bernardes de Miranda Artur Tamagnini de Sousa Barbosa Gabriel Maurício Teixeira Albano Rodrigues de Oliveira Joaquim Marques Esparteiro Pedro Correia de Barros Jaime Silvério Marques António Lopes dos Santos José Manuel de Sousa e Faro Nobre de Carvalho José Eduardo Martinho Garcia Leandro Nuno Viriato Tavares de Melo Egídio Vasco de Almeida e Costa Joaquim Pinto Correia Carlos Montez Melancia Vasco Joaquim Rocha Vieira