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Lake Tota - Wikipedia

Coordinates: 5°32′24″N 72°55′12″W / 5.54000°N 72.92000°W

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

(Redirected from Laguna de Tota)

Lake Tota
Satellite view of Lake Tota
Lake Tota Show map of Boyacá Department Lake Tota Show map of Colombia
Location	Boyacá
Coordinates	5°32′24″N 72°55′12″W / 5.54000°N 72.92000°W / 5.54000; -72.92000
Basin countries	Colombia

Max. length	12 km (7.5 mi)
Max. width	7.2 km (4.5 mi)
Surface area	55 km² (21 sq mi)
Max. depth	62 m (203 ft)
Surface elevation	3,015 m (9,892 ft)

Islands	San Pedro, Santo Domingo, La Custodia, Santa Helena, Cerro Chico
Settlements	Aquitania, Cuítiva, Iza, Tota

Lake Tota (Spanish: Lago de Tota) is the largest lake in Colombia, located in the east of Boyacá department, inside the Sugamuxi Province^[1], it is the source of the Upia River which flows into the Orinoco River basin.

The major town on the lake is Aquitania, located on its eastern side. Other nearby villages include Tota, Iza and Cuítiva.

Lake Tota was an important religious center for the Muisca culture. The name Tota comes from the Chibcha language of the Muisca and according to linguist Mariana Escribano its main name refers to "Astronomic Observatory", relating to its sacred uses for that culture. There are legends which relate to the way the lake was formed by the hands of ancient ancestors.

The area around Lake Tota is one of the major onion producing regions of Colombia. The western shore of the lake is a popular tourist destination for Colombians.

The average water temperature of 13 °C allowed for the introduction of rainbow trout (Onchorynchus mykiss) which created a valuable wild fishery (a mounted specimen in Restaurante Lucho, Aquitania, reportedly early in the 1990s, weighed 7 kg) and cage culture aquaculture, but predation on native fish species as led to the probable extinction of the pez graso or grease fish (Rhizosomichthys totae) believed native to only this lake.

Lake Tota is a breeding ground for several threatened or endangered bird species, including the least bittern (Ixobrychus exilis bogotensis), the Colombian ruddy duck (Oxyura jamaicensis andina), the Bogotá rail (Rallus semiplumbeus) and Apolinar's wren (Cistothorus apolinari). The last confirmed sighting of the Colombian grebe (Podiceps andinus), now considered to be extinct, was at Lake Tota.^[1]

Etymology

In the Chibcha language of the Muisca people, Tota means "Farmfields of the river".^[2]

Geography

Lake Tota consists of an area of 55.1 square kilometres (21.3 sq mi) with a length of 11.8 kilometers, a width of 6.2 kilometers and a depth of 58 meters being the largest natural lake in Colombia.

Climate

Climate data for Lake Tota (Tunel El), elevation 3,000 m (9,800 ft), (1981–2010)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	16.9 (62.4)	16.8 (62.2)	17.0 (62.6)	16.3 (61.3)	15.8 (60.4)	14.9 (58.8)	14.5 (58.1)	14.5 (58.1)	15.2 (59.4)	15.7 (60.3)	16.1 (61.0)	16.6 (61.9)	15.8 (60.4)
Daily mean °C (°F)	11.6 (52.9)	11.7 (53.1)	11.8 (53.2)	11.8 (53.2)	11.8 (53.2)	11.4 (52.5)	10.9 (51.6)	10.9 (51.6)	11.2 (52.2)	11.4 (52.5)	11.6 (52.9)	11.8 (53.2)	11.5 (52.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	6.8 (44.2)	7.3 (45.1)	7.6 (45.7)	8.2 (46.8)	8.5 (47.3)	8.2 (46.8)	7.7 (45.9)	7.7 (45.9)	7.5 (45.5)	7.6 (45.7)	7.9 (46.2)	7.4 (45.3)	7.7 (45.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	17.1 (0.67)	30.4 (1.20)	57.2 (2.25)	95.7 (3.77)	87.8 (3.46)	70.1 (2.76)	77.9 (3.07)	58.8 (2.31)	62.5 (2.46)	87.2 (3.43)	81.4 (3.20)	23.9 (0.94)	749.9 (29.52)
Average precipitation days	4	6	11	15	18	18	20	18	16	16	14	8	159
Average relative humidity (%)	80	81	82	85	85	85	85	85	84	85	85	82	84
Mean monthly sunshine hours	241.8	183.5	167.4	132.0	139.5	129.0	139.5	130.2	132.0	145.7	156.0	213.9	1,910.5
Mean daily sunshine hours	7.8	6.5	5.4	4.4	4.5	4.3	4.5	4.2	4.4	4.7	5.2	6.9	5.2
Source: Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales^[3]

Gallery

View of Lake Tota
Lake Tota
Lake Tota
Lake Tota
Lake Tota landscape
Playa Blanca

References

^ Lake Tota - Bird Life International - accessed 02-05-2016
^ (in Spanish) Etymology Tota - Excelsio.net
^ "Promedios Climatológicos 1981–2010" (in Spanish). Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales. Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 3 June 2024.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lake Tota.

(in Spanish) Lake Tota in the Province of Sugamuxi - videos and more information - accessed 02-05-2016

Treasures of Colombia

Heritage of humanity

Bolívar	Cartagena Mompox

National heritage

Antioquia	Puente de Occidente
Atlántico	Complejo Cultural de la Antigua Aduana
Boyacá	Estación de Chiquinquirá Tunja Vargas Swamp Lancers Villa de Leyva
Caldas	Palacio de la Gobernación de Caldas Salamina
Cauca	Popayán Tierradentro
Cundinamarca	Plaza Bolívar Casa de Moneda de Colombia Estación de la Sabana Museo del Oro Museo Nacional San Francisco Church San Francisco Palace Santa Clara Church and Museum Santamaría Bullring Teatro Colón
Huila	San Agustín
Quindío	Parque del Café
Santander	San Juan de Girón
Valle del Cauca	San Francisco Church

Architectural, artistic and archaeological treasures

Antioquia	Botero Collection Haciendas cafeteras
Boyacá	Ráquira
Caldas	Haciendas cafeteras Manizales Cathedral
Cundinamarca	Haciendas cafeteras Monserrate Sanctuary Quinta de Bolívar Salt Cathedral of Zipaquirá
Magdalena	Ciudad Perdida Haciendas cafeteras Quinta de San Pedro Alejandrino
Nariño	Las Lajas Shrine
Norte de Santander	Haciendas cafeteras
Quindío	Haciendas cafeteras
Risaralda	Haciendas cafeteras
Santander	Barichara Haciendas cafeteras
Tolima	Haciendas cafeteras
Valle del Cauca	La Ermita Church Hacienda El Paraíso Haciendas cafeteras

National natural parks and treasures

Amazonas	Amacayacu Amazon River Angostura del Caquetá Araracuara Canyon La Chorrera Putumayo River Raudal de Jirijirimo
Antioquia	Los Katíos Piedra del Peñol
Arauca	Sierra Nevada del Cocuy
Bolívar	Rosario Islands
Boyacá	Lake Iguaque Páramo de Ocetá Sierra Nevada del Cocuy Siscuinsí Lake Lake Tota
Caldas	Los Nevados
Caquetá	Angostura del Caquetá Araracuara Canyon Caño Paujil Chiribiquete Claro River Mirití River
Casanare	Sierra Nevada del Cocuy
Cauca	Gorgona Island Lagunas de la Magdalena y de Santiago Nevado del Huila Puracé Volcano
Cesar	Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Chocó	Cabo Marzo Ensenada de Utría Los Katíos
Cundinamarca	Chingaza Lake Guatavita Rocas de Suesca
Guainía	Atabapo River Cerros de Mavecure
La Guajira	Alta Guajira Cabo de la Vela Los Flamencos Sanctuary Salinas de Manaure Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Guaviare	Cerro Pintado Chiribiquete Ciudades de Piedra Inírida River Raudales
Huila	Claro River Estrecho del Magdalena Lagunas de la Magdalena y de Santiago Nevado del Huila Tatacoa Desert
Magdalena	Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Meta	Caño Cristales Chingaza
Nariño	Cumbal Volcano Galeras Volcano Laguna de la Cocha Laguna Verde del Azufral Putumayo River Sanquianga
Norte de Santander	Los Estoraques
Putumayo	Cascada del Indio La Paya Putumayo River
Quindío	Cocora Valley Los Nevados
Risaralda	Los Nevados
San Andrés y Providencia	Providencia Island
Santander	Chicamocha Canyon El Gallineral
Tolima	Cerro Bravo Nevado del Huila Los Nevados
Valle del Cauca	Farallones de Cali Malpelo Island
Vaupés	Apaporis River Tunnel Raudal de Jirijirimo Raudal de Yuruparí
Vichada	El Tuparro

Source: Wills, Fernando; et al. (2001). Nuestro patrimonio – 100 tesoros de Colombia [Our heritage – 100 treasures of Colombia] (in Spanish). El Tiempo. pp. 1–311. ISBN 958-8089-16-6.

Muisca

Topics

General	Agriculture Architecture Art Astronomy Calendar Cuisine Economy Mummification Music Muysccubun Mythology Numerals Religion Society Toponyms Warfare Women
Specific	Battle of Pasca (~1470) Battle of Chocontá (~1490) Chicha Duit Emeralds Muisca raft Ruana Tejo Tunjo Zoratama
The Salt People	Zipaquirá Nemocón Tausa Sesquilé

Geography and history

Altiplano
Cundiboyacense

Neighbouring areas

History

Prehistory (<10,000 BP)	Lake Humboldt El Abra Tibitó Sueva Tequendama
Lithic (10,000 - 2800 BP)	Piedras del Tunjo Checua Galindo Nemocón Sáchica Aguazuque Lake Herrera El Infiernito
Ceramic (>800 BC)	Herrera (800 BC - 800) Early Muisca (800 - 1200) Muisca Confederation (~1450 - 1540) Cabildo Mayor (>2002)

Religion and mythology

Deities

Sacred sites

Built	Sun Temple Moon Temple Cojines del Zaque Goranchacha Temple Hunzahúa Well
Natural	Fúquene Guasca Guatavita Iguaque Siecha Suesca Tota Ubaque Tequendama Falls

Mythology

Myths	El Dorado Monster of Lake Tota
Mythological figures	Goranchacha Idacansás Pacanchique Thomagata

Caciques and neighbours

Northern caciques

zaque of Hunza	Hunzahúa Michuá Quemuenchatocha Aquiminzaque
iraca of Suamox	Nompanim Sugamuxi
cacique of Tundama	Tundama

Southern caciques

zipa of Bacatá	Meicuchuca Saguamanchica Nemequene Tisquesusa Sagipa
cacique of Turmequé	Diego de Torres y Moyachoque

Neighbours

Chibcha-speaking	U'wa Sutagao Guane Lache
Arawak-speaking	Achagua Tegua Guayupe
Cariban-speaking	Panche Muzo Yarigui

Spanish conquest

Conquistadors

Major	Gonzalo de Quesada Hernán de Quesada Baltasar Maldonado Gonzalo Suárez Rendón Juan de Céspedes Juan de San Martín
Minor	Antonio Díaz de Cardoso Antonio de Lebrija Bartolomé Camacho Zambrano Gonzalo García Zorro Gonzalo Macías Hernán Venegas Carrillo Juan de Albarracín Juan del Junco Juan Tafur Lázaro Fonte Luis Lanchero Martín Galeano Martín Yañéz Tafur Miguel Holguín y Figueroa Ortún Velázquez de Velasco Pedro Fernández de Valenzuela Pedro Ruíz Corredor

Neighbouring conquests

Research and collections

Scholars	Acosta Acosta Samper De Aguado Arango Broadbent De Castellanos Celis Correal Duquesne Freyle Friede Gamboa Groot Hammen Humboldt Izquierdo Langebaek De Lugo Ocampo De Piedrahita De Quesada Reichel-Dolmatoff Schrimpff Simón Triana Uricoechea Zerda
Publications	Elegías (1589) El Carnero (1638) Epítome (1889)
Research institutes	ICANH Universidad Nacional Universidad de los Andes Universidad La Javeriana University of Pittsburgh UPTC
Collections	Museo del Oro Archaeology Museum of Sogamoso Archaeology Museum of Pasca Metropolitan Museum of Art

Category

v t e Recreational dive sites in Colombia
Caribbean coast	Capurganá Rosario Islands San Bernardo Islands Múcura Tintipán Sapzurro Taganga Tayrona
Caribbean insular	Providencia San Andrés
Pacific	Gorgona Malpelo Nuquí
Andean	Lake Tota
Biodiversity Natural regions Protected areas

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