Leptoconops myersi

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Leptoconops myersi - Wikipedia

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Leptoconops myersi
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Diptera
Family:	Ceratopogonidae
Genus:	Leptoconops
Species:	L. myersi
Binomial name
*Leptoconops myersi* (Tonnoir), 1924
Synonyms
Acanthoconops myersi Styloconops myersi

Leptoconops myersi is a species of coastal biting midge in the genus Leptoconops and family Ceratopogonidae that is found in New Zealand.

It is a small fly, with a body 1.5 millimetres long and wings 1.15 mm long. The head, thorax and legs are dark brown to black and the abdomen and wings are whitish. The female bites humans and consumes blood. It is the only one of the 28 species of Ceratopogonidae that were described from New Zealand as of 1971 that is known to feed on blood.^[1]

The type specimen is a female that was collected from Tapotupotu Bay, near Cape Reinga, by J. G. Myers, a young entomologist from Wellington, in 1923.^[2]^[a] Myers had been attacked by small flies when just above high-tide mark. They settled on him in large numbers, some trying to get under his clothing, and bit fiercely. He collected specimens, all of which were female, and sent them to André Léon Tonnoir, an entomologist at the Cawthron Institute in Nelson who specialised in Diptera, and who then published a description of the species, naming it Acanthoconops myersi.^[2]

The species was subsequently noted at Tom Bowling Bay (near North Cape), Moturoa / Rabbit Island (near Nelson), Tairua Bay, Whangamatā and Matakana Island. Lionel Jack Dumbleton collected one male and many female specimens at Tom Bowling Bay in 1967.^[1]

Up to the 2000s, people reported a rash after being bitten by small insects on Coromandel Peninsula beaches. Entomologists assumed it would be L. myersi, but this was unproven. In 2006 specimens of the biting insect were collected at Colville Beach and Waikawau Beach on the peninsula and examination confirmed them to be L. myersi.^[3]

In 2019, 11-year-old entomologist Olly Hills identified L. myersi as the species known as the 'Mount mauler', which had been inflicting painful skin irritations to people^[4] above the high-tide line on beaches in the Mount Maunganui area for up to 50 years.^[5]

Notes

^ Dumbleton (1971) mistakenly said it was collected in 1924.

References

^ ^a ^b Dumbleton, L. J. (1971). "The biting midge Styloconops myersi (Tonnoir) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), description of male and redescription of female" (PDF). New Zealand Journal of Science. 14: 270–275. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
^ ^a ^b Tonnoir, A. L. (1924). "A new biting ceratopogonid from New Zealand". Bulletin of Entomological Research. 14 (4): 443–444. doi:10.1017/S0007485300045697.
^ Holder, Peter (2009). "Leptoconops (Styloconops) myersi (Tonnoir, 1924) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) revealed as the causal agent of 'Hot Water Beach rash'". Weta. 38 (4): 19–23.
^ Shand, Matt (17 January 2019). "Bug boy claims to have solved the 'Mount Mauler' mystery". Stuff. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
^ "Beach experience leads Hamilton boy to crack 'Mount Mauler' mystery". The New Zealand Herald. 17 January 2019. Retrieved 17 January 2022.

Taxon identifiers
Leptoconops myersi	Wikidata: Q14556648 Wikispecies: Leptoconops myersi BioLib: 1295586 CoL: 3TMLS EoL: 805135 GBIF: 1633238 iNaturalist: 391516 IRMNG: 11207662 NZOR: 74e6ec10-9015-4117-b785-ec2e19661a7e Open Tree of Life: 4461506 WoRMS: 414076

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