List of amphibians of India

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List of amphibians of India - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

(Redirected from List of amphibians of the Indian subcontinent)

This is an index to the amphibians found in India. The amphibians of India show a high level of endemism.^[1] This list is based largely on Darrel Frost (2006)^[2] and includes common names from older books and journals.^[3]^[4]^[5]

Order Anura

Family Bufonidae

Ornate torrent toad, Ansonia ornata = Ghatophryne ornata (Günther, 1876)
Silent Valley torrent toad, Ansonia ornata = Ghatophryne rubigina (Pillai and Pattabiraman, 1981)
Bufo beddomii (Günther, 1876)
Bufo brevirostris (Rao, 1937)
Bufo burmanus (Andersson, 1939)
Duttaphrynus cyphosus = Bufo cyphosus (Ye, 1977)
Himalayan toad, Duttaphrynus himalayanus (Günther, 1864) = Bufo himalayanus (Günther, 1864)
Bufo hololius (Günther, 1876)
Xanthophryne koynayensis (Soman, 1963)
Xanthophryne tigerina Biju, Bocxlaer, Giri, Loader and Bossuyt, 2009
Ladakh toad, Pseudepidalea latastii Boulenger, 1882 = Bufo latastii
Common Indian toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799) = Bufo melanostictus Schneider, 1799
Common Indian toad, Bufo melanostictus
Duttaphrynus microtympanum (Boulenger, 1882) = Bufo microtympanum (Boulenger, 1882)
Ingerophrynus macrotis (Boulenger, 1887)
Bufo parietalis (Boulenger, 1882)
Ferguson's toad, Bufo scaber (Schneider, 1799)
Bufo silentvalleyensis (Pillai, 1981)
Bufo stomaticus (Lütken, 1864)
Green toad, Bufo viridis
Bufo stuarti (Smith, 1929)
Bufoides meghalayanus (Yazdani and Chanda, 1971)
Pedostibes kempi (Boulenger, 1919)
Pedostibes tuberculosus (Günther, 1876)

Family Dicroglossidae

Dicroglossinae

Common skittering frog, Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis (Schneider, 1799)
Euphlyctis ghoshi (Chanda, 1991)
Indian five-fingered frog, Euphlyctis hexadactylus (Lesson, 1834)
Karavali skittering frog, Euphlyctis karaavali Priti et al., 2016
Fejervarya andamanensis (Stoliczka, 1870) = Limnonectes andamanensis (Stoliczka, 1870)
Fejervarya assimilis (Blyth, 1852)
Fejervarya brama (Lesson, 1834)
Fejervarya brevipalmata (Peters, 1871)
Fejervarya cancrivora (Gravenhorst, 1829)
Fejervarya greenii (Boulenger, 1905)
Fejervarya keralensis (Dubois, 1981)
Alpine cricket frog, Fejervarya limnocharis (Gravenhorst, 1829)
Fejervarya murthii (Pillai, 1979)
Fejervarya mysorensis (Rao, 1922)
Fejervarya nicobariensis (Stoliczka, 1870)
Fejervarya nepalensis (Iskandar, 1998)
Fejervarya nilagirica (Jerdon, 1854)
Fejervarya orissaensis (Dutta, 1997)
Fejervarya parambikulamana (Rao, 1937)
Fejervarya rufescens (Jerdon, 1854)
Fejervarya sauriceps (Rao, 1937)
Fejervarya syhadrensis = Limnonectes syhadrensis (Annandale, 1919)
Fejervarya teraiensis (Dubois, 1984)
Jerdon's bullfrog, Hoplobatrachus crassus (Jerdon, 1854)
Indian bullfrog, Hoplobatrachus tigerinus (Daudin, 1802)
Limnonectes doriae (Boulenger, 1887)
Limnonectes hascheanus (Stoliczka, 1870)
Limnonectes khasianus (Anderson, 1871)
Limnonectes kuhlii (Tschudi, 1838)
Limnonectes laticeps (Boulenger, 1882)
Limnonectes limborgi (Sclater, 1892)
Limnonectes mawlyndipi (Chanda, 1990)
Limnonectes mawphlangensis (Pillai and Chanda, 1977)
Limnonectes shompenorum (Das, 1996)
Minervarya charlesdarwini (Das, 1998) = Rana charlesdarwini
Minervarya sahyadris (Dubois, Ohler, and Biju, 2001)
Nanorana annandalii = Paa annandalii (Boulenger, 1920)
Nanorana arnoldi = Paa arnoldi (Dubois, 1975)
Nanorana barmoachensis = Paa barmoachensis (Khan and Tasnim, 1989)
Nanorana blanfordii = Paa blanfordii (Boulenger, 1882)
Nanorana conaensis = Paa conaensis (Fei and Huang In Huang and Fei, 1981)
Nanorana ercepeae = Paa ercepeae (Dubois, 1974)
Hazara torrent frog, Nanorana hazarensis = Paa hazarensis (Dubois and Khan, 1979)
Nanorana liebigii = Paa liebigii (Günther, 1860)
Nanorana minica = Paa minica (Dubois, 1975)
Nanorana mokokchungensis = Paa mokokchungensis (Das and Chanda, 2000)
Nanorana polunini = Paa polunini (Smith, 1951)
Nanorana pleskei (Günther, 1896)
Karez frog, Nanorana sternosignata = Paa sternosignata (Murray, 1885)
Murree Hills frog, Nanorana vicina = Paa vicina (Stoliczka, 1872)
Ombrana sikimensis = Chaparana sikimensis (Jerdon, 1870)
Burrowing frog, Sphaerotheca breviceps (Schneider, 1799)
Sphaerotheca dobsoni (Boulenger, 1882)
Sphaerotheca leucorhynchus (Rao, 1937)
Marbled sand frog Sphaerotheca rolandae (Dubois, 1983)

Occidozyginae

Occidozyga borealis (Annandale, 1912)
Occidozyga lima (Gravenhorst, 1829)
Occidozyga sumatrana (Peters, 1877)

Family Hylidae

Hyla annectans (Jerdon, 1870)

Family Megophryidae

Hasselt's toad, Leptobrachium hasseltii (Tschudi, 1838)
Leptobrachium smithi (Matsui, Nabhitabhata, and Panha, 1999)
Scutiger boulengeri (Bedriaga, 1898)
Scutiger gongshanensis (Yang and Su In Yang, Su, and Li, 1979)
Nyingchi alpine toad, Scutiger nyingchiensis (Fei, 1977)
Sikkim alpine toad, Scutiger sikimmensis (Blyth, 1855)
Xenophrys boettgeri (Boulenger, 1899)
Xenophrys kempii (Annandale, 1912)
Xenophrys major (Boulenger, 1908)
Xenophrys parva (Boulenger, 1893)
Xenophrys robusta (Boulenger, 1908)
Xenophrys wuliangshanensis

Family Micrixalidae

Micrixalus elegans (Rao, 1937)
Micrixalus fuscus (Boulenger, 1882)
Micrixalus gadgili Pillai and Pattabiraman, 1990
Micrixalus kottigeharensis (Rao, 1937)
Micrixalus narainensis (Rao, 1937)
Micrixalus nudis Pillai, 1978
Micrixalus phyllophilus (Jerdon, 1854)
Micrixalus saxicola (Jerdon, 1854)
Micrixalus silvaticus (Boulenger, 1882)
Micrixalus swamianus (Rao, 1937)
Micrixalus thampii (Pillai, 1981)

Family Microhylidae

Kalophrynus interlineatus (Blyth, 1855) = Kalophrynus orangensis (Dutta, Ahmed, and Das, 2000)
Micryletta inornata (Boulenger, 1890)
Ramanella anamalaiensis (Rao, 1937)
Ramanella minor (Rao, 1937)
Ramanella montana (Jerdon, 1854)
Ramanella mormorata (Rao, 1937)
Ramanella triangularis (Günther, 1876)
White-bellied pug-snout frog, Ramanella variegata (Stoliczka, 1872)
Uperodon globulosus (Günther, 1864)
Marbled balloon frog, Uperodon systoma (Schneider, 1799)
Melanobatrachus indicus (Beddome, 1878)
Kaloula baleata (Müller In Oort and Müller, 1833)
Painted frog, Kaloula pulchra (Gray, 1831)
Asian painted frog, Kaloula pulchra
Kaloula assamensis (Das, Sengupta, Ahmed, and Dutta, 2005)
Sri Lankan bullfrog, Kaloula taprobanica (Parker, 1934)
Microhyla berdmorei (Blyth, 1856)
Microhyla chakrapanii (Pillai, 1977)
Microhyla heymonsi (Vogt, 1911)
Ornate narrow-mouthed toad, Microhyla ornata (Duméril and Bibron, 1841)
Microhyla pulchra (Hallowell, 1861)
Microhyla rubra (Jerdon, 1854)
Microhyla sholigari (Dutta and Ray, 2000)
Microhyla laterite Seshadri et al., 2016
Mysticellus franki Garg & Biju, 2019

Family Nyctibatrachidae

Nyctibatrachus aliciae (Inger, Shaffer, Koshy, and Bakde, 1984)
Nyctibatrachus beddomii (Boulenger, 1882)
Nyctibatrachus deccanensis (Dubois, 1984)
Nyctibatrachus humayuni (Bhaduri and Kripalani, 1955)
Nyctibatrachus hussaini (Krishnamurthy, Reddy, and Gururaja, 2001)
Nyctibatrachus kempholeyensis (Rao, 1937)
Nyctibatrachus major (Boulenger, 1882)
Nyctibatrachus minor (Inger, Shaffer, Koshy, and Bakde, 1984)
Nyctibatrachus periyar Biju et al., 2011
Nyctibatrachus petraeus (Das and Kunte, 2005)
Nyctibatrachus sanctipalustris (Rao, 1920)
Nyctibatrachus sylvaticus (Rao, 1937)
Nyctibatrachus vasanthi (Ravichandran, 1997)
Nyctibatrachus minimus Biju et al., 2007.^[6]
Nyctibatrachus sholai Radhakrishnan, Dinesh & Ravichandran, 2007.^[7]
Nyctibatrachus dattatreyaensis Dinesh K P, Radhakrishnan C & Gopalakrishna Bhatta, 2008^[8]

Family Petropedetidae

Indirana beddomii (Günther, 1876)
Indirana brachytarsus (Günther, 1876)
Indirana diplosticta (Günther, 1876)
Indirana gundia (Dubois, 1986)
Indirana leithii (Boulenger, 1888)
Indirana leptodactyla (Boulenger, 1882)
Indirana longicrus (Rao, 1937)
Indirana phrynoderma (Boulenger, 1882)
Indirana semipalmata (Boulenger, 1882)
Indirana tenuilingua (Rao, 1937)

Family Ranidae

Amolops chakrataensis (Ray, 1992)
Amolops formosus (Günther, 1876)
Amolops gerbillus (Annandale, 1912)
Amolops himalayanus (Boulenger, 1888)
Amolops jaunsari (Ray, 1992)
Amolops marmoratus (Blyth, 1855)
Amolops monticola (Anderson, 1871)
Amolops viridimaculatus (Jiang, 1983)
Bicolored frog, Clinotarsus curtipes (Jerdon, 1854)
Huia chloronota (Günther, 1876)
Humerana humeralis (Boulenger, 1887)
Fungoid frog, Hydrophylax malabaricus (Tschudi, 1838)
Fungoid frog, Hydrophylax malabaricus
Hydrophylax bahuvistara
Hydrophylax raniceps (Peters, 1871)
Pterorana khare (Kiyasetuo and Khare, 1986)
Hylarana tytleri (Theobald, 1868)
Nasirana alticola (Boulenger, 1882)
Golden frog, Hylarana aurantiaca (Boulenger, 1904)
Hylarana chitwanensis (Das, 1998)
Boulenger's Garo hill frog, Hylarana garoensis (Boulenger, 1920 )
Hylarana leptoglossa (Cope, 1868)
Hylarana nigrovittata (Blyth, 1856)
Bronzed frog, Hylarana temporalis (Günther, 1864)

Family Rhacophoridae

Chiromantis cherrapunjiae = Chirixalus cherrapunjiae (Roonwal and Kripalani, 1966)
Chiromantis doriae = Chirixalus doriae (Boulenger, 1893)
Chiromantis dudhwaensis = Chirixalus dudhwaensis (Ray, 1992)
Chiromantis shyamrupus = Chirixalus shyamrupus (Chanda and Ghosh, 1989)
Chiromantis simus = Chirixalus simus (Annandale, 1915)
Chiromantis vittatus = Chirixalus vittatus (Boulenger, 1887)
Ghatixalus variabilis (Jerdon, 1853)^[9]
Nyctixalus moloch (Annandale, 1912)
Kurixalus verrucosus = Rhacophorus verrucosus (Boulenger, 1893)
Aquixalus bisacculus = Rhacophorus bisacculus (Taylor, 1962)
Aquixalus naso = Polypedates naso (Annandale, 1912)
Raorchestes andersoni (Ahl, 1927)
Raorchestes anili (Biju and Bossuyt, 2006)
Raorchestes luteolus (Kuramoto and Joshy, 2003)
Raorchestes tuberohumerus (Kuramoto and Joshy, 2003)
Raorchestes annandalii (Boulenger, 1906)
Raorchestes beddomii (Günther, 1876)
Raorchestes bobingeri (Biju and Bossuyt, 2005)
Raorchestes bombayensis (Annandale, 1919)
Raorchestes chalazodes (Günther, 1876)
Raorchestes charius (Rao, 1937)
Raorchestes dubius (Boulenger, 1882)
Raorchestes femoralis Round-snout pygmy frog (Günther, 1864)
Raorchestes flaviventris (Boulenger, 1882)
Raorchestes garo (Boulenger, 1919)
Raorchestes glandulosus (Jerdon, 1854)
Raorchestes graminirupes (Biju & Bossuyt, 2005)
Raorchestes griet (Bossuyt, 2002)
Raorchestes jerdonii (Günther, 1876)
Raorchestes kempiae (Boulenger, 1919)
Raorchestes luteolus = Raorchestes neelanethrus Gururaja et al., 2007^[10]
Raorchestes microdiscus (Annandale, 1912)
Raorchestes namdaphaensis (Sarkar and Sanyal, 1985)
Sharp-snout pygmy tree frog, Raorchestes nasutus
Raorchestes nerostagona
Raorchestes ochlandrae Gururaja et al., 2007.^[11]
Raorchestes ponmudi
Raorchestes sanctisilvaticus (Das and Chanda, 1997)
Raorchestes shillongensis (Pillai and Chanda, 1973)
Raorchestes signatus (Boulenger, 1882)
Raorchestes similipalensis (Dutta, 2003)
Raorchestes terebrans (Das and Chanda, 1998)
Raorchestes tinniens (Jerdon, 1854)
Raorchestes travancoricus (Boulenger, 1891)
Raorchestes tuberohumerus
Raorchestes wynaadensis (Jerdon, 1854)
Polypedates bengalensis Purkayastha et al., 2019^[12]
Polypedates gongshanensis
Polypedates insularis (Das, 1995)
Polypedates leucomystax (Gravenhorst, 1829)
Polypedates maculatus (Gray, 1833) chunam frog
Polypedates megacephalus (Hallowell, 1861)
Polypedates pseudocruciger (Das and Ravichandran, 1998)
Polypedates taeniatus (Boulenger, 1906)
Rhacophorus appendiculatus (Günther, 1858)
Rhacophorus bipunctatus (Ahl, 1927)
Rhacophorus calcadensis (Ahl, 1927)
Rhacophorus lateralis (Boulenger, 1883)
Malabar flying frog, Rhacophorus malabaricus (Jerdon, 1870)
Malabar flying frog, Rhacophorus malabaricus
Rhacophorus maximus (Günther, 1858)
Rhacophorus namdaphaensis (Sarkar and Sanyal, 1985)
Rhacophorus pseudomalabaricus (Vasudevan and Dutta, 2000)
Rhacophorus tuberculatus (Anderson, 1871)
Rhacophorus variabilis (Jerdon, 1854)
Rhacophorus htunwini (Wilkinson, Thin, Lwin, and Shein, 2005)
Rhacophorus translineatus (Wu In Sichuan Institute of Biology Herpetology Department, 1977)
Rhacophorus kio (Ohler and Delorme, 2006)
Theloderma asperum (Boulenger, 1886)

Family Sooglossidae

Purple frog, Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis (Biju and Bossuyt, 2003)
Bhupathy's purple frog, Nasikabatrachus bupathi (Janani, Vasudevan, Prendini, Dutta, and Aggarwal, 2017)

Order Gymnophiona

The list of Indian caecilians is based on Giri & Gaikwad (2013) (duly amended):^[13]

Family Caeciliidae

Gegeneophis spp.

Gegeneophis carnosus (Beddome, 1870)
Amboli caecilian, Gegeneophis danieli Giri, Gower and Wilkinson 2003
Gegeneophis goaensis Bhatta, Dinesh, Prashanth & Kulkarni, 2007
Gegeneophis krishni Pillai and Ravichandran, 1999
Gegeneophis madhavai Bhatta and Srinivasa, 2004^[14]
Gegeneophis mhadeiensis Bhatta, Dinesh, Prashanth & Kulkarni, 2007
Gegeneophis nadkarnii Bhatta and Prashanth, 2004^[15]
Gegeneophis pareshi Giri, Gower, Gaikwad & Wilkinson, 2011
Gegeneophis primus Kotharambath, Gower, Oomen & Wilkinson, 2012
Forest caecilian, Gegeneophis ramaswamii Taylor, 1964
Gegeneophis seshachari Ravichandran, Gower, and Wilkinson, 2003

Indotyphlus spp.

Indotyphlus battersbyi Taylor, 1960
Maharashtra caecilian, Indotyphlus maharashtraensis Giri, Wilkinson, and Gower, 2003

Family Chikilidae

Fuller's caecilian, Chikila fulleri (Alcock, 1904) formerly Gegeneophis fulleri^[16]
Chikila alcocki Kamei, Gower, Wilkinson & Biju, 2013^[17]
Chikila darlong Kamei, Gower, Wilkinson & Biju, 2013^[17]
Chikila gaiduwani Kamei, Gower, Wilkinson & Biju, 2013^[17]

Family Ichthyophiidae

Ichthyophis spp.^[18]

Ichthyophis alfredii Mathew & Sen, 2009
Ichthyophis beddomei Peters, 1880
Ichthyophis bombayensis Taylor, 1960
Ichthyophis daribokensis Mathew & Sen 2009
Ichthyophis garoensis Pillai and Ravichandran, 1999
Ichthyophis davidi Bhatta, Dinesh, Kulkarni, Radhakrishnan 2011
Ichthyophis husaini Pillai and Ravichandran, 1999
Ichthyophis kodaguensis Wilkinson, Gower, Govindappa & Venkatachalaiah, 2007
Ichthyophis khumhzi Kamei, Wilkinson, Gower & Biju, 2009
Ichthyophis longicephalus Pillai, 1986
Ichthyophis moustakius Kamei, Wilkinson, Gower & Biju, 2009
Ichthyophis nokrekensis Mathew & Sen, 2009
Ichthyophis sendenyu Kamei, Wilkinson, Gower & Biju, 2009
Ichthyophis sikkimensis Taylor, 1960
Ichthyophis tricolor Annandale, 1909

Uraeotyphlus spp.

Uraeotyphlus gansi Gower, Rajendran, Nussbaum, & Wilkinson, 2008
Uraeotyphlus interruptus Pillai and Ravichandran, 1999
Uraeotyphlus malabaricus (Beddome, 1870)
Uraeotyphlus menoni Annandale, 1913
Uraeotyphlus narayani Seshachar, 1939
Uraeotyphlus oommeni Gower & Wilkinson, 2007
Uraeotyphlus oxyurus (Duméril and Bibron, 1841)

Order Urodela

Family Salamandridae

Himalayan newt, Tylototriton verrucosus (Anderson, 1871)

References

^ Daniels, R. J. R. (2001). "Endemic fishes of the Western Ghats and the Satpura hypothesis" (PDF). Current Science. 81 (3): 240–244.
^ Frost, Darrel R. (17 August 2006). "Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference" (Electronic database). 4. American Museum of Natural History. Archived from the original on 24 October 2007. Retrieved 16 November 2007.
^ Daniels, R. J. Ranjit (2005). Amphibians of Peninsular India. Universities Press.
^ Chanda, Shyamal Kumar; Das, Indraneil & Dubois, Alain (2000). "Catalogue of amphibian types in the collection of the Zoological Survey of India". Hamadryad. 25 (2): 100–128. Archived from the original on 20 July 2011
^ Sclater, William Lutley (1892). List of the Batrachia in the Indian Museum.
^ Biju, S. D. et al. (2007). "A new nightfrog Nyctibatrachus minimus sp. nov. (Anura: Nyctibatrachidae): The smallest frog from India". Current Science. 93 (6): 854-858.
^ Radhakrishnan, C.; Dinesh, K. P. & Ravichandran, M. S. (2007). "A new species of Nyctibatrachus Boulenger (Amphibia: Anura: Nyctibatrachidae) from the Eravikulam National Park, Kerala, India". Zootaxa. 1595: 31–41.
^ Dinesh, K. P.; C, Radhakrishnan & Bhatta, Gopalakrishna (2008). "A new species of Nyctibatrachus Boulenger (Amphibia: Anura: Nyctibatrachidae) from the surroundings of Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary, Western Ghats, India", Zootaxa. 1914: 45–56.
^ Biju, S.D.; Roelants, Kim & Bossuyt, Franky (2008). "Phylogenetic position of the montane treefrog Polypedates variabilis Jerdon, 1853 (Anura: Rhacophoridae), and description of a related species". Organisms, Diversity & Evolution. 8: 267–276.
^ Gururaja, K. V.; Aravind, N. A.; Ali, S.; Ramachandra, T. V.; Velavan, T. P.; Krishnakumar, V. & Aggarwal, R. K. (2007). "A New Frog Species from the Central Western Ghats of India, and its Phylogenetic Position". Zoological Science. 24: 525-534.
^ Gururaja, K. V.; Dinesh, K. P.; Palot, M. J.; Radhakrishnan, C. & Ramachandra, T. V. (2007). "A new species of Raorchestes Gistel (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from southern Western Ghats, India". Zootaxa. 1621: 1-16.
^ Purkayastha, Jayaditya; Das, Madhurima; Mondal, Kingshuk; Mitra, Shibajee; Chaudhuri, Anirban & Das, Indraneil (2019). "A new species of Polypedates Tschudi, 1838 (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from West Bengal State, Eastern India". Zootaxa. 4691 (5): 525–540. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4691.5.6.
^ Giri, V. B. & Gaikwad, K. S. (2013). Towards the Conservation of Caecilian Amphibians of the Northern Western Ghats: Establishing the Systematic Foundation. Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society. p. 53.
^ Bhatta, Gopalakrishna & Srinivasa, R. (2004). "A new species of Gegeneophis Peters (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae) from the surroundings of Mookambika Wildlife Sanctuary, Karnataka, India". Zootaxa. 644: 1–8.
^ Bhatta, Gopalakrishna & Prashanth, P. (2004). "Gegeneophis nadkarnii – a caecilian (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae) from Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary, Western Ghats". Current Science. 87 (3): 10.
^ Kamei, R. G.; Mauro, D. S.; Gower, D. J.; Van Bocxlaer, I.; Sherratt, E.; Thomas, A.; Babu, S.; Bossuyt, F.; Wilkinson, M. & Biju, S. D. (22 February 2012). "Discovery of a new family of amphibians from northeast India with ancient links to Africa". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 279 (1737): 2396–2401. doi:10.1098/rspb.2012.0150. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 3350690. PMID 22357266.
^ ^a ^b ^c Kamei, R. G.; Gower, D. J.; Wilkinson, M. & Biju, S. D. (4 June 2013). "Systematics of the caecilian family Chikilidae (Amphibia: Gymnophiona) with the description of three new species of Chikila from northeast India". Zootaxa. 3666 (4): 401. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3666.4.1. ISSN 1175-5334.
^ Three species of Icthyophis, namely Ichthyophis malabarensis Taylor, 1960, I. peninsularis Taylor, 1960 and I. subterrestris Taylor, 1960, were merged due to lack of phylogenetic deifferentiation vide Gower, D. J.; Dharne, M.; Bhatta, G.; Giri, V.; Vyas, R.; Govindappa, V.; Oommen, O. V.; George, J.; Shouche, Y. & Wilkinson, M. (2007). "Remarkable genetic homogeneity in unstriped, long-tailed Ichthyophis along 1500 km of the Western Ghats, India". Journal of Zoology. 272 (3): 266–275. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00266.x. ISSN 0952-8369.

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