List of endemic birds of New Zealand

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List of endemic birds of New Zealand - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Many of New Zealand's birds are endemic to the country, that is, they are not found in any other country. Approximately 71% of the bird species breeding in New Zealand before humans arrived are widely accepted as being endemic.^[1]

There is also a smaller group of species are not fully endemic, but are breeding endemic, in that they breed only in New Zealand, but migrate or range elsewhere.

Population status symbols are those of the Red List published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.^[2] The symbols and their meanings, in increasing order of peril, are:

LC = least concern NT = near threatened VU = vulnerable EN = endangered CR = critically endangered EX = extinct

Endemic Bird Areas

BirdLife International has defined the following Endemic Bird Areas (EBAs) in New Zealand:

In addition the following are classified as secondary areas:

Antipodes Islands
Snares Islands and Stewart Island / Rakiura islets

Secondary areas have at least one restricted-range bird species, but do not meet the criteria for EBAs.

List of endemic species

These species (and subspecies) are found only in New Zealand. They are listed in alphabetical order by common name, with an indicator of their conservation status.

Antipodes Island parakeet, Cyanoramphus unicolor VU
Antipodes snipe, Coenocorypha aucklandica meinertzhagenae
Auckland Island merganser, Mergus australis EX
Auckland Island shag, Leucocarbo colensoi VU
Auckland rail, Lewinia muelleri VU
Auckland teal, Anas aucklandica VU
Bellbird (korimako), Anthornis melanura LC
Black robin, Petroica traversi EN
Black stilt (kakī), Himantopus novaezelandiae CR
Black-billed gull (tarāpuka), Chroicocephalus bulleri EN
Black-fronted tern (tarapirohe), Chlidonias albostriatus EN
Blue duck (whio), Hymenolaimus malacorhynchos EN
Bounty Island shag, Leucocarbo ranfurlyi VU
Brown creeper (pipipi), Mohoua novaeseelandiae LC
Brown teal (pāteke), Anas chlorotis EN
Bushwren (mātuhituhi), Xenicus longipes EX
Campbell Island shag, Leucocarbo campbelli VU
Campbell snipe, Coenocorypha aucklandica perseverance
Campbell teal, Anas nesiotis EN
Chatham Island bellbird, Anthornis melanocephala EX
Chatham Island fernbird, Megalurus rufescens EX
Chatham island oystercatcher (tōrea tai), Haematopus chathamensis EN
Chatham Island pigeon (parea), Hemiphaga chathamensis VU
Chatham Island rail, Cabalus modestus EX
Chatham Island shag, Leucocarbo onslowi CR
Chatham Island snipe, Coenocorypha pusilla VU
Chatham Island warbler (riroriro), Gerygone albofrontata LC
Chatham parakeet (Forbes' parakeet), Cyanoramphus forbesi EN
Dieffenbach's rail (moeriki), Gallirallus dieffenbachii EX
Fernbird (matata), Megalurus punctatus LC
Fiordland crested penguin (tawaki), Eudyptes pachyrhynchus VU
Foveaux shag (kawau), Leucocarbo stewarti VU
Great spotted kiwi (roa), Apteryx haastii VU
Grey warbler (riroriro), Gerygone igata LC
Hawkin's rail (mehonui), Diaphorapteryx hawkinsi EX
Hodgens' waterhen, Gallinula hodgenorum EX
Huia, Heteralocha acutirostris EX
Kākāpō, Strigops habroptilus CR
Kea, Nestor notabilis EN
King shag (kawau), Leucocarbo carunculatus VU
Laughing owl (whēkau), Sceloglaux albifacies EX
Little spotted kiwi (kiwi pukupuku), Apteryx owenii NT
Long-tailed cuckoo (koekoea), Urodynamis taitensis NT
Lyall's wren (Stephens Island wren), Traversia lyalli EX
Morepork
(Māori: ruru)
Ninox novaeseelandiae
Malherbe's parakeet (orange-fronted parakeet) (kākāriki karaka), Cyanoramphus malherbi CR
New Zealand bittern (kaoriki), Ixobrychus novaezelandiae EX
New Zealand dotterel (tuturiwhatu), Charadrius obscurus EN
New Zealand falcon (kārearea), Falco novaeseelandiae NT
New Zealand fantail (pīwakawaka), Rhipidura fuliginosa LC
New Zealand grebe (weweia), Poliocephalus rufopectus VU
New Zealand kaka, Nestor meridionalis EN
New Zealand pigeon (kererū), Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae NT
New Zealand quail (koreke), Coturnix novaezelandiae EX
New Zealand scaup (pāpango), Aythya novaeseelandiae LC
North Island brown kiwi, Apteryx mantelli EN
North Island kōkako, Callaeas wilsoni EN
North Island piopio, Turnagra tanagra EX
North Island robin (toutouwai), Petroica longipes LC
North Island saddleback (tīeke), Philesturnus rufusater NT
North Island snipe, Coenocorypha barrierensis EX
North Island takahē (mōho), Porphyrio mantelli EX
Okarito brown kiwi (rowi), Apteryx rowi CR
Otago shag (kawau), Leucocarbo chalconotus VU
Paradise shelduck (pūtangitangi), Tadorna variegata LC
Pipit (pihoihoi), Anthus novaeseelandiae LC
Pitt shag, Phalacrocorax featherstoni EN
Red-billed gull (tarāpunga), Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae scopulinus LC
Red-fronted parakeet (kākāriki), Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae VU
Reischek's parakeet, Cyanoramphus hochstetteri
Rifleman (titipounamu), Acanthisitta chloris LC
Rock wren (piwauwau), Xenicus gilviventris VU
Shore plover (tūturuatu), Thinornis novaeseelandiae EN
Snares snipe (tutukiwi), Coenocorypha huegeli NT
South Island kōkako, Callaeas cinereus CR
South Island pied oystercatcher (tōrea), Haematopus finschi LC
South Island piopio, Turnagra capensis EX
South Island robin (toutouwai), Petroica australis LC
South Island saddleback (tīeke), Philesturnus carunculatus NT
South Island snipe (tutukiwi), Coenocorypha iredalei) EX
South Island takahē (takahē), Porphyrio hochstetteri VU
Southern brown kiwi (tokoeka), Apteryx australis VU
Spotted shag (parekareka), Phalacrocorax punctatus LC
Stitchbird (hihi), Notiomystis cincta VU
Subantarctic snipe, Coenocorypha aucklandica LC
Tomtit (miromiro), Petroica macrocephala LC
Tūī, Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae LC
Variable oystercatcher (tōrea tai), Haematopus unicolor LC
Weka, Gallirallus australis VU
Whitehead (pōpokatea), Mohoua albicilla LC
Wrybill (ngutuparore), Anarhynchus frontalis VU
Yellow-crowned parakeet (kākāriki), Cyanoramphus auriceps NT
Yellow-eyed penguin (hoiho), Megadyptes antipodes EN
Yellowhead (mōhua), Mohoua ochrocephala EN

List of breeding-endemic species

These species breed only in New Zealand, but are found elsewhere also, so are not fully endemic. They include seabirds that range elsewhere and migratory birds.

Black petrel, Procellaria parkinsoni VU
Buller's albatross, Thalassarche bulleri NT
Buller's shearwater, Ardenna bulleri VU
Chatham petrel, Pterodroma axillaris VU
Cook's petrel, Pterodroma cookii VU
Double-banded plover, Charadrius bicinctus NT
Erect-crested penguin, Eudyptes sclateri EN
Fiordland crested penguin, Eudyptes pachyrhynchus VU
Fluttering shearwater, Puffinus gavia LC
Grey-faced petrel, Pterodroma gouldi LC
Hutton's shearwater, Puffinus huttoni EN
Magenta petrel, Pterodroma magentae CR
Mottled petrel, Pterodroma inexpectata NT
Pacific long-tailed cuckoo, Urodynamis taitensis LC
Pycroft's petrel, Pterodroma pycrofti VU
Snares crested penguin, Eudyptes robustus VU
Southern royal albatross, Diomedea epomophora VU
Westland petrel (tāiko), Procellaria westlandica VU
Whenua Hou diving petrel, Pelecanoides whenuahouensis
White-necked petrel, Pterodroma cervicalis VU
Yellow-eyed penguin (hoiho), Megadyptes antipodes EN

References

^ Brockie, Bob (21 November 2012). "Native plants and animals – overview - Species unique to New Zealand". Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Wellington: Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 27 January 2014.
^ The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2017-1 <http://www.iucnredlist.org>. Accessed 23 May 2017

v t e Endemism in birds
Palaearctic realm	Western Palearctic Japan
Afrotropical realm	Southern Africa Madagascar region
Indomalayan realm	South Asia Himalayas Andamans and Nicobars Borneo Philippines Taiwan
Australasian realm	Australia New Zealand New Caledonia
Oceanian realm	Hawaii
Nearctic realm	Eastern North America Western North America Mexico and northern Central America
Neotropical realm	Galápagos Islands West Indies
World	Endemic Bird Area Lists of endemic birds List of endemic bird areas of the world List of secondary areas Endemic Bird Areas of the World (book)

Categories:

Hidden categories:

Endemic Bird Areas

List of endemic species

List of breeding-endemic species

See also

References