Epstein Files Full PDF

CLICK HERE
Technopedia Center
PMB University Brochure
Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science
S1 Informatics S1 Information Systems S1 Information Technology S1 Computer Engineering S1 Electrical Engineering S1 Civil Engineering

faculty of Economics and Business
S1 Management S1 Accountancy

Faculty of Letters and Educational Sciences
S1 English literature S1 English language education S1 Mathematics education S1 Sports Education
teknopedia

  • Registerasi
  • Brosur UTI
  • Kip Scholarship Information
  • Performance
Flag Counter
  1. World Encyclopedia
  2. Marble Point - Wikipedia
Marble Point - Wikipedia
Coordinates: 77°26′S 163°50′E / 77.433°S 163.833°E / -77.433; 163.833
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Antarctic base in the United States
Marble Point
Antarctic base
Fuel depots and refuge at Marble Point
Fuel depots and refuge at Marble Point
Location of Marble Point in Antarctica
Location of Marble Point in Antarctica
Marble Point
Location of Marble Point Station in Antarctica
Coordinates: 77°26′00″S 163°50′00″E / 77.433333°S 163.833333°E / -77.433333; 163.833333
Country United States
Location in AntarcticaMarble Point
Antarctica
Administered byUnited States Antarctic Program
Established1956 (1956)
Population
 • Total
  • Up to 17
TypeSeasonal
PeriodSummer
StatusOperational
Airport in Marble Point, Victoria Land
Marble Point Heliport
A U.S. Navy UH-1N at Marble Point, 15 June 1988
  • IATA: none
  • ICAO: GC0079
Summary
Airport typePrivate
LocationMarble Point
Victoria Land
Coordinates77°24′47″S 163°40′44″E / 77.413055°S 163.678889°E / -77.413055; 163.678889
Map
Marble Point Heliport is located in Antarctica
Marble Point Heliport
Marble Point Heliport
Location of airfield in Antarctica
Runways
Direction Length Surface
ft m
Gravel
[1]

Marble Point is a rocky promontory on the coast of Victoria Land, Antarctica. The United States operates a station at the point. The outpost is used as a helicopter refueling station supporting scientific research in the nearby continental interior, such as the McMurdo Dry Valleys. Dependent upon the weather conditions at the time, helicopters are able to fly in and out of the station 24 hours a day during the summer research season.[2] It supports operations at nearby McMurdo (US) and Scott (NZ) facilities on Ross Island, and was established in the mid-1950s, like those installations.[3]

The station's remote location and adjoining frozen sea have largely discouraged tourism in the area. However, the Russian icebreaker Kapitan Khlebnikov conducts cruises in the Ross Sea and McMurdo Sound. In 1993, the icebreaker docked at fast ice offshore Marble Point. Tourists aboard helicopters launched from the icebreaker flew excursions into the McMurdo Dry Valleys.[4]

History

[edit]

The way station at Marble Point is located on a narrow strip of land between Wilson Piedmont Glacier and the sea, about 50 mi (80 km) from McMurdo Station. United States military forces built the camp on the western shores of McMurdo Sound in 1956 in conjunction with the forthcoming 1957–58 International Geophysical Year (IGY).

Preparation for IGY included constructing a hard-surface air strip at Marble Point. A VX-6 Otter airplane made Antarctica’s first wheels-on-dirt landing at Marble Point in 1957.[5] Aboard were U.S. Navy Admiral Dufeck and New Zealand explorer Sir Edmund Hillary.[6] A de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter aircraft crashed on take off at Marble Point, on January 04, 1959, taking the lives of two men. The plane was part of Operation Deep Freeze IV.

Contemporary Marble Point is staffed during the austral summer by a station manager, cook, and a "fuelie," a person who fuels helicopters (typically AStar and Bell 212's contracted by the United States Antarctic Program and Antarctica New Zealand, owned and operated by Petroleum Helicopters International). Hot meals and minimal overnight accommodations for 14 are available for pilots and personnel traveling to and from inland research operations.

Personnel rely upon melted snow for potable water. A bulldozer is used to scoop snow from nearby Wilson Piedmont Glacier. The snow is dumped into a hopper for melting and subsequent filtration.[7] Other facilities at the station include an automated weather station.

United States Antarctic Program workers conducted a concerted cleanup at the station during the 1989–1990 and 1990–1991 summer research seasons.[8] Fuel spills are known to have occurred in the area. As late as 2001, spills more than 40 years old were still visible.[9] Contemporary operations include the collection of human waste at the station, which is collected and transported to McMurdo Station.

Re-supply

[edit]

Each austral summer, a United States Coast Guard icebreaker busts a ship channel to Marble Point in order to deliver helicopter fuel. The ship usually can reach within about 1⁄4 mi (0.40 km) from the beach. Fuel is then pumped ashore. Formerly, personnel pumped the aviation fuel into 20,000 gallon bladders for storage. However, the fuel bladders were replaced with steel tanks.[8] Contaminated soil is present at Marble Point from fuel spills which occurred between 1957 and 1963.[10]

Support personnel re-supply the camp annually via a convoy of over-the-ice vehicles from McMurdo Station. Drivers maneuver 15-ton Delta cargo vehicles equipped with large balloon-type tires over a more than 50-mile ice road. Alternatively, vehicles towing snow sleds are used to transport cargo. Drivers also deliver food, construction equipment, and scientific equipment that is staged at Marble Point for subsequent airlift to field camps.

Flags placed approximately every quarter mile mark much of the ice road to Marble Point. Drivers carry global positioning devices as navigational aids during the seven-hour journey. Waste materials (including human waste) from Marble Point and garbage dropped off from inland research stations are back-loaded to McMurdo Station for disposal.[11] The supply season runs from mid-October to late November or early December.

See also

[edit]
  • List of airports in Antarctica
  • List of field camps
  • McMurdo Dry Valleys
  • McMurdo Sound
  • Operation Deep Freeze
  • South Stream
  • Victoria Land
  • Williams Field
  • McMurdo Station transportation

Gallery

[edit]
  • Marble Point's relatively flat terrain facilitated construction in 1957 of a now-defunct dirt airstrip
    Marble Point's relatively flat terrain facilitated construction in 1957 of a now-defunct dirt airstrip
  • Edmund Hillary at Marble Point, 1957
    Edmund Hillary at Marble Point, 1957
  • Flight crews and field scientists stock up on fuel and hot food at Marble Point (2004)
    Flight crews and field scientists stock up on fuel and hot food at Marble Point (2004)
  • A United States Polar Class icebreaker offloading fuel at Marble Point
    A United States Polar Class icebreaker offloading fuel at Marble Point

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Marble point". Great Circle Mapper. Retrieved August 13, 2018.
  2. ^ "Gas, food and lodging: Marble Point serves up warmth and good cheer" Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine, The Antarctic Sun. November 28, 1999.
  3. ^ "Marble Point". Antarctic Journal of the United States. 29 (4). National Science Foundation, Division of Polar Programs: 5. 1994. Retrieved 15 October 2025.
  4. ^ First Ever Voyages for Expedition Travel Archived 2007-01-14 at the Wayback Machine See McMurdo Sound for more on Antarctic tourism.
  5. ^ "VXE6history". www.vaq34.com. Retrieved 2022-11-26.
  6. ^ "NOAA Photo Library/NOAA Corps Collection/Antarctica/Historical/corp2834". Archived from the original on Oct 4, 2006.
  7. ^ "Marble Point". davecarpenter.tripod.com. Retrieved 2022-11-26.
  8. ^ a b "Storage Tanks–Marble Point," National Science Foundation Division of Polar Programs, Office of the Environment. October 23, 1992
  9. ^ Relations (unipr@waikato.ac.nz), Communications and External (2001-10-08). "Antarctic research jigsaw piece in global puzzle: University of Waikato". www.waikato.ac.nz. Retrieved 2022-11-26.
  10. ^ "Impact of fuel spills on Antarctica soils", News and Views; United States Department of Agriculture. May 2000.
  11. ^ "Truckin’ on thick ice" Archived 2007-02-18 at the Wayback Machine, The Antarctic Sun. November 5, 2000.

External links

[edit]
  • The Antarctic Sun
  • Marble Point - personal website
  • Marble Point - field camp tour video
  • THE "UNOFFICIAL" VXE-6 WEBPAGE for the (late-RIP) US Navy Squadron
  • United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Photo Library
  • United States Department of Agriculture.
Portals:
  • Earth sciences
  • icon Geography
  • v
  • t
  • e
Field camps in Antarctica
Argentina
  • 17 de Agosto
  • Abrazo de Maipú
  • Antonio Moro
  • Ballvé
  • Cabral
  • Caleta Péndulo
  • Capitán Caillet-Bois
  • Capitán Cobbett
  • Capitán Estivariz
  • Capitán Fliess
  • Chacabuco
  • Corrientes
  • Cristo Redentor
  • Dorian Bay
  • El Plumerillo
  • Florentino Ameghino
  • Francisco de Gurruchaga
  • General San Martín
  • Granaderos
  • Groussac
  • Livingston
  • Martín Güemes I
  • Martín Güemes II
  • Nogal de Saldán
  • Ona
  • Ortiz
  • San Nicolás
  • San Roque
  • Virgen de las Nieves
  • Yapeyú
Australia
  • Edgeworth David
  • Cape Roberts
Brazil
  • Balduino Rambo
  • Refuge Astronomer Cruls
  • Goeldi
  • Wiltgen
Bulgaria
  • Academia
  • Sally Rocks
Chile
  • Gutiérrez Vargas
  • Boonen Rivera
France
  • Cap Prud'homme
Germany
  • Cape Roberts
Italy
  • Browning Pass
  • Cap Prud'homme
  • Cape Roberts
  • Icaro
Netherlands
  • Cape Roberts
Norway
  • Borchgrevink’s Hut
  • Framheim
  • Polheim
Spain
  • Byers
United Kingdom
  • Blaicklock Island
  • Cape Reclus
  • Cape Roberts
  • Damoy Point
  • Discovery Hut
  • Oxford Cliff
  • Peggotty Bluff
  • Scott's Hut
  • Shackleton's Hut
  • Sky Blu
  • South Ice
United States
  • Beacon Valley
  • Cape Roberts
  • Dome C
  • Lake Fryxell
  • Lower Erebus
  • Marble Point
  • Odell Glacier
  • Patriot Hills
  • Siple Dome
  • Union Glacier
  • WAIS Divide
  • v
  • t
  • e
Airports in Antarctica
  • Bharati
  • Browning Pass
  • Casey
  • Concordia
  • D10
  • Davis Plateau
  • Dome Fuji
  • Enigma Lake
  • Fossil Bluff
  • Halley
  • King George Island
  • Kohnen
  • Maitri
  • Marambio
  • Marble Point
  • Mawson
  • McMurdo Ice
  • McMurdo Phoenix
  • McMurdo Williams
  • Mid Point
  • Molodyozhnaya
  • Neumayer
  • Novolazarevskaya
  • Odell Glacier
  • O'Higgins
  • Palmer
  • Patriot Hills
  • Pegasus
  • Petrel
  • Plateau
  • Princess Elisabeth
  • Progress
  • Rothera
  • Rumdoodle
  • SANAE IV
  • Showa
  • Siple Dome
  • Sitry
  • Sky Blu
  • South Pole
  • Thiel Mountains
  • Troll
  • Union
  • WAIS Divide
  • Wilkins
  • Wolf's Fang
  • Vostok
  • Zucchelli
  • v
  • t
  • e
Antarctica
Geography
  • South Pole
  • Antarctic sea ice
  • Climate
    • Climate change
    • Heat waves
  • Ice shelves
  • Geology
  • Glaciers
  • Mountains
  • Tundra
  • Volcanoes
Regions
  • Biogeographic realm
  • Antarctic Peninsula
  • East Antarctica
    • ice sheet
    • shield
  • Extreme points
  • Floristic kingdom
  • Islands
  • Ridge A
  • South Pole (region)
    • South magnetic pole
  • West Antarctica
    • ice sheet
Bodies of water
  • Antarctic/Southern Ocean
  • Lake CECs
  • Lake Mercer
  • Lake Vostok
  • List of rivers
  • McMurdo Sound
  • Ross Sea
  • Weddell Sea
Life
  • Flora
  • Microorganisms
  • Wildlife
    • Birds
    • Mammals
    • Krill

History
  • Expeditions
  • Heroic Age
  • World War II
  • Colonization
  • COVID-19 pandemic
  • Years
Politics
  • Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs
  • Military activity
  • National programs
  • Territorial claims
  • Treaty System
Society
  • Antarctica Day
  • Antarctic English
  • Crime
  • Demographics
  • Economy
  • Field camps
  • Firefighting
  • Flags
  • Food
  • Gateway cities
  • Midwinter Day
  • Protected areas
  • Religion
  • Research stations
  • Telecommunications
  • Time
  • Tourism
  • Transport
  • Women
  • Antarctica Weather Danger Classification
Famous explorers
  • Roald Amundsen
  • Richard E. Byrd
  • Douglas Mawson
  • Ui-te-Rangiora (legendary)
  • James Clark Ross
  • Robert Falcon Scott
  • Ernest Shackleton
  • Category
  • Commons
  • Index

77°26′S 163°50′E / 77.433°S 163.833°E / -77.433; 163.833

Retrieved from "https://teknopedia.ac.id/w/index.php?title=Marble_Point&oldid=1316993336"
Categories:
  • Headlands of Victoria Land
  • Outposts of Antarctica
  • 1956 establishments in Antarctica
Hidden categories:
  • Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments
  • Webarchive template wayback links
  • Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas
  • Articles with short description
  • Short description matches Wikidata
  • Short description is different from Wikidata
  • Articles containing Russian-language text
  • Coordinates on Wikidata

  • indonesia
  • Polski
  • العربية
  • Deutsch
  • English
  • Español
  • Français
  • Italiano
  • مصرى
  • Nederlands
  • 日本語
  • Português
  • Sinugboanong Binisaya
  • Svenska
  • Українська
  • Tiếng Việt
  • Winaray
  • 中文
  • Русский
Sunting pranala
url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url
Pusat Layanan

UNIVERSITAS TEKNOKRAT INDONESIA | ASEAN's Best Private University
Jl. ZA. Pagar Alam No.9 -11, Labuhan Ratu, Kec. Kedaton, Kota Bandar Lampung, Lampung 35132
Phone: (0721) 702022
Email: pmb@teknokrat.ac.id