Epstein Files Full PDF

CLICK HERE
Technopedia Center
PMB University Brochure
Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science
S1 Informatics S1 Information Systems S1 Information Technology S1 Computer Engineering S1 Electrical Engineering S1 Civil Engineering

faculty of Economics and Business
S1 Management S1 Accountancy

Faculty of Letters and Educational Sciences
S1 English literature S1 English language education S1 Mathematics education S1 Sports Education
teknopedia

  • Registerasi
  • Brosur UTI
  • Kip Scholarship Information
  • Performance
Flag Counter
  1. World Encyclopedia
  2. Merutunga - Wikipedia
Merutunga - Wikipedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jain monk and scholar

Merutunga
Born14th-century
Died14th-century
WorksPrabandha-Chintamani
Vicharashreni

Merutuṅga was a medieval scholar from present-day Gujarat in India and was a Śvētāmbara Jain monk of the Achal Gaccha. He is presently most well-known for his Sanskrit text, the Prabandhacintāmaṇi, composed in 1306 CE.[1][2] He also wrote Vicāraśreṇī in 1350 CE which describes the chronology of Chāvḍā, Chaulukya and Vāghelā dynasties.[3][4]

Works

[edit]

Prabandhacintāmaṇi

[edit]
Main article: Prabandha-Chintamani

The Prabandhacintāmaṇi was composed in Vardhamāna (modern-day Wadhwan) in VS 1361 Phālguna Śukla 15, a Sunday.[5] In the text itself, Merutuṅga states that Gaṇī Guṇacandra compiled the first version of the text and that Dharmadeva assisted Merutuṅga in the compilation of the final version.[6]

Therāvalī

[edit]

The Therāvalī of Merutuṅga is a Paṭṭāvalī that presents a chronology from Mahavira to the arrival of and invasion by the Sakas in India.[7]

Vicāraśreṇī

[edit]

The Vicāraśreṇī is a bhāṣya on his earlier Therāvalī and was likely composed in VS 1363 (1306 CE).[7]

Ṣaḍdarśananirṇaya

[edit]

The Ṣaḍdarśananirṇaya is a general exposition, a doxography of 6 contemporary religious philosophies (darśanas) during Merutuṅga's time: Buddhism, Nyāya, Sāṃkhya, Vaiśeṣika, Mīmāṃsā, and Jainism. It is unique among medieval Jain doxographies in that it presents refutations on non-Jain positions found in the other philosophies.

Mahāpuruṣacarita

[edit]

The work has survived with a bhāṣya, likely written by Merutuṅga himself, and is a charita, a biography, of five great figures in Jainism: Ṛṣabhadeva, Neminātha, Śāntinātha, Pārśvanātha, and Mahāvīra.[8] Additionally, in the bhāṣya, the original work is named the Upadeśaśataka and the Dharmopadeśaśataka. It is also referred to as the Vivaraṇa.[8]

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ Cort 2001, p. 35.
  2. ^ Sen 1999, p. 79.
  3. ^ Kailash Chand Jain 1991, p. 85.
  4. ^ Rajyagor, S. B.; Chopra, Pran Nath (1982). "Chapter II: Source Materials of History of Gujarat". History of Gujarat. New Delhi: S. Chand & Company Ltd. p. 17. OCLC 12215325.
  5. ^ Tawney 1901, p. 204.
  6. ^ Tawney 1901, p. 2.
  7. ^ a b Eggermont 1969, p. 67.
  8. ^ a b Winternitz 1996, p. 497.

Sources

[edit]
  • Cort, John E. (2001), Jains in the World : Religious Values and Ideology in India, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-513234-3
  • Jain, Kailash Chand (1991), Lord Mahāvīra and His Times, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-81-208-0805-8
  • Sen, Sailendra Nath (1999) [1988], Ancient Indian History and Civilization (Second ed.), New Age International Publishers, ISBN 81-224-1198-3
  • Crouzet, François (1965), Studies in the Cultural History of India, Shiva Lal Agarwala
  • Arai, Toshikazu (1978), The Structure of Jaina Kingship as Viewed by the Prabandhacintāmaṇi
  • Tawney, Charles Henry (1901), The Prabandhacintāmaṇi or Wishing-Stone of Narratives, The Asiatic Society of Bengal
  • Eggermont, P. H. L. (1969), The Purāņa Source of Merutuṅga's List of Kings and the Arrival of the Śakas in India
  • Winternitz, Moriz (1996), A History of Indian Literature, Volume 2, translated by Sarma, V. Srinivasa, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, ISBN 9788120802650
  • Mahesh Singh (1984). Bhoja Paramāra and His Times. Bharatiya Vidya Prakashan. OCLC 11786897.
  • A. K. Warder (1992). Indian Kāvya Literature. Vol. VI: The Art of Storytelling. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0615-3.
  • v
  • t
  • e
Jainism topics
Gods
  • Arihant
  • Ganadhara
  • Tirthankara
    • Mahavira
    • Rishabhanatha
Philosophy
  • Five Vows
    • Ahimsa
  • Anekantavada
  • Cosmology
    • Deva
    • Naraka
    • Siddhashila
  • Death
  • Dravya
    • Jīva
    • Ajiva
      • Pudgala
      • Dharma
  • Epistemology
    • Kevala Jnana
  • Gunasthana
  • Karma
    • Causes
    • Types
  • Kashaya
  • Ratnatraya
  • Samsara
  • Tattva
    • Asrava
    • Bandha
    • Moksha
    • Nirjara
    • Samvara
Branches
Digambara
  • Bispanthi
  • Kanji Panth
  • Mula Sangha
    • Balatkara Gana
    • Kashtha Sangha
  • Taran Panth
  • Terapanth
Svetambara
  • Murtipujaka
    • Gaccha
      • Kharatara
      • Tapa
      • Tristutik
  • Sthanakavasi
Practices
  • Fasting
  • Festivals
    • Paryushana
    • Kshamavani
    • Mahamastakabhisheka
  • Meditation
  • Monasticism
  • Pratikramana
    • Samayika
  • Rituals
  • Sallekhana
  • Tapas
  • Upadhan
  • Vegetarianism
Literature
  • Agama
  • Aptamimamsa
  • Bhaktamara Stotra
  • Civaka Cintamani
  • Culamani
  • Kalpa Sūtra
  • Kasayapahuda
  • Naga Kumara Kaviyam
  • Neelakesi
  • Namokar Mantra
  • Pravachanasara
  • Samayasāra
  • Shatkhandagama
  • Tattvartha Sutra
  • Uttaradhyayana
  • Udayana Kumara Kaviyam
  • Valayapathi
  • Yashodhara Kaviyam
Symbols
  • Ashtamangala
  • Auspicious dreams
  • Jain flag
  • Siddhachakra
    • Shrivatsa
    • Nandavarta
  • Swastika
Ascetics
  • Acharya
  • Aryika
  • Digambara monk
  • Kshullak
  • Pattavali
Scholars
  • Bal Patil
  • Champat Rai Jain
  • Chandabai
  • Colette Caillat
  • Hampana
  • Hermann Jacobi
  • Jeffery D. Long
  • John E. Cort
  • Nalini Balbir
  • Padmanabh Jaini
  • Paul Dundas
  • Virchand Gandhi
Community
  • Sravaka
  • Sarak
  • Tamil Jain
Organisations
  • Digambar Jain Mahasabha
  • JAINA
  • Vishwa Jain Sangathan
Jainism in
India
  • Bundelkhand
  • Delhi
  • Goa
  • Gujarat
  • Haryana
  • Karnataka
    • North
  • Kerala
  • Maharashtra
    • Mumbai
  • Rajasthan
  • Tamil Nadu
  • Uttar Pradesh
  • West Bengal
Overseas
  • Africa
  • Australia
  • Belgium
  • Canada
  • Europe
  • Hong Kong
  • Japan
  • Pakistan
  • Singapore
  • Southeast Asia
  • United States
Jainism and
  • Buddhism
  • Hinduism
  • Islam
  • Non-creationism
  • Sikhism
Dynasties and empires
  • Chalukya
  • Ganga
  • Hoysala
  • Ikshvaku
  • Kadamba
  • Kalinga
  • Maurya
  • Pandya
  • Rashtrakuta
  • Santara
Related
  • Art
  • Ekendriya
  • History
    • Timeline
  • Law
  • Mathematics
  • Panca-Paramesthi
  • Nigoda
  • Panch Kalyanaka
  • Pratima
  • Salakapurusa
  • Samavasarana
  • Sexual differences
  • Statue of Ahimsa
  • Sculpture
  • Stupa
  • Temple
  • Terms and concepts
  • Tirtha
  • Units of time
  • Vira Nirvana Samvat
    • Samvatsari
Lists
  • Jains
  • Jain temples
  • Jain ascetics
    • Digambar
  • Topics
  • Units of time
Navboxes
  • Caves
  • Gods
  • History
  • Literature
  • Monks & nuns
  • Scholars
  • Temples
    • America
    • Bengal
icon Religion portal
India flag icon Stub icon

This article about an Indian writer or poet is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding missing information.

  • v
  • t
  • e
Stub icon

This biography of an Indian religious figure is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding missing information.

  • v
  • t
  • e
Retrieved from "https://teknopedia.ac.id/w/index.php?title=Merutunga&oldid=1341769708"
Categories:
  • Ancient Indian poets
  • Ancient Indian writers
  • Indian Jain monks
  • Indian Jain writers
  • Medieval Indian Jain poets
  • Indian writer stubs
  • Indian religious biography stubs
Hidden categories:
  • Articles with short description
  • Short description is different from Wikidata
  • Use dmy dates from December 2016
  • Use Indian English from December 2016
  • All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English
  • Articles with hCards
  • CS1: long volume value
  • All stub articles

  • indonesia
  • Polski
  • العربية
  • Deutsch
  • English
  • Español
  • Français
  • Italiano
  • مصرى
  • Nederlands
  • 日本語
  • Português
  • Sinugboanong Binisaya
  • Svenska
  • Українська
  • Tiếng Việt
  • Winaray
  • 中文
  • Русский
Sunting pranala
url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url
Pusat Layanan

UNIVERSITAS TEKNOKRAT INDONESIA | ASEAN's Best Private University
Jl. ZA. Pagar Alam No.9 -11, Labuhan Ratu, Kec. Kedaton, Kota Bandar Lampung, Lampung 35132
Phone: (0721) 702022
Email: pmb@teknokrat.ac.id