Monahans Sandhills
Sandhills at sunrise
Monahans Sandhills Show map of Texas Monahans Sandhills Show map of the United States
Location	Ward / Winkler, Texas, United States
Nearest city	Monahans
Coordinates	31°38′51″N 102°49′23″W / 31.64750°N 102.82306°W / 31.64750; -102.82306
Area	3,840 acres (1,550 ha)
Established	1957
Visitors	41,285 (in 2022)[1]
Governing body	Texas Parks and Wildlife Department

The Monahans Sandhills State Park is a 3,840-acre (1,550 ha) state park located in the southern Llano Estacado in Ward County and Winkler County, Texas.^[2] The closest major town is Monahans, Texas, and the closest limited-access highway ingress is Exit 86 on Interstate 20.

Monahans Sandhills State Park is noted for the presence of sand dunes up to 70 feet (21 m) high. Although desert-like, the Monahans Sandhills are not a desert; they are a part of a semi-arid ecosystem (average annual rainfall 12.3 inches (310 mm)) characterized by the presence of both groundwater and relatively nutrient-poor windblown sand. The Shinoak (Quercus havardii) is a local climax shrub, an unusual type of oak tree which because of local conditions often achieves full growth of only 4 feet (1.2 m) in height. Most of a Shinoak's biomass exists in the form of a lengthy root system reaching down to groundwater. If a Monahans sand dune has become stabilized and has stopped blowing about in the wind, that is often because a small grove of Shinoaks have stabilized the dune with their extensive root systems. Despite the sterility of the landscape, various rodents are relatively common, and several packs of Sandhills coyotes feed upon them.^[3]

Much of the Monahans Sandhills are privately owned property. The state of Texas is operating a 99-year lease with the Sealy-Smith Foundation for the ranch on which most of the land of the state park is located; the park opened to the public in 1957, and the state park has leasehold rights to this parcel of the sand hills until 2056.^[3]

The Monahans Sandhills are part of the Permian Basin of hydrocarbon formations, and some oil production continues in and around the state park.^[3]

Visitors practice several local forms of recreation at the Monahans Sandhills, such as sandboarding, 'sand football', 'sand surfing', and sand tobogganing.^[3]

The Monahans Sandhills consist of a sand deposits 70 miles long and 20 miles wide from Crane County, Texas to Andrews County, Texas. The Llano Estacado escarpment to the east is a barrier to further wind transport of sediment. The sand probably reached its greatest areal extent in the Late Pleistocene, 16,000 years before the present, with an earlier period of dune building 25,000 years before the present. The dunes consist of almost pure quartz grains with an average diameter of less than 0.22 mm, which is fairly uniform for all of the grains. Dune types include coppice, wind-shadow, Akle, Barchan, and parabolic. Winds from the southeast in the summer, from the northwest in the winter, and the southwest during spring, influence dune shape. These changes in wind directions change the shapes of the dunes and their position, but in general the dunes don't migrate, retaining their position and form when measured year to year.^[4]

• 
  Entrance to Monahans Sandhills
• 
  The Dunagan Visitor Center after a winter storm.
• 
  Picnic shelter at Monahans Sandhills
• 
  Sand encroaching on vegetation
• 
  Sand ripples
• 
  Air photo with the park at top and the town of Monahans below center

• Big Spring State Park
• Mescalero Ridge
• Odessa Meteor Crater
• Pecos River

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Monahans Sandhills State Park.

• Monahans Sandhills State Park - official site
• Handbook of Texas: Monahans Sandhills State Park
• Sibley Nature Center: Monahans Sandhills
• Photos of the Llano Estacado
• Home movie of the Baylor family visiting Monahans from the Texas Archive of the Moving Image