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Moquette - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Moquette is a type of woven pile fabric in which cut or uncut threads form a short dense cut or loop pile. The pile's upright fibres form a flexible, durable, non-rigid surface^[1] with a distinctive velvet-like feel. Traditional moquette weave fabrics are made today from a wool nylon face with an interwoven cotton backing, and are ideally suited to applications such as public transport.

Origin

Moquette originated in France, where it was woven by hand. Named after the French word for carpet, its standard width was a Flemish ell of 27 inches. There were two finishes: moquette velouté, which had a cut pile like English Wilton carpet, and moquette bouclé, which had an uncut pile like Brussels carpet.^[2] It is still woven in Yorkshire using traditional techniques.^{[citation needed]}

Uses

In clothing

Moquette is occasionally used in clothing. In 1932–33, the United States Army Air Corps contracted for cold-weather leather flight suits lined with moquette, apparently as an economy substitute for sheepskin.^{[citation needed]}

In public transportation

Due to its durability, moquette is used as public transit seat coverings in many countries.^[3] Because it was relatively cheap to produce and readily available,^[4] the fabric began to be used in London in the 1920s.^[5] It is still used a century later, particularly to upholster the seats of London Underground's Tube trains. Such seat covers may be designed with intricate bright colored patterns to conceal wear. These may reflect local culture and history, such as "Barman" or "Landmark" designed in 2010 for London public transportation seat coverings that depict local landmarks.^[6]

References

^ W. A. Gibson-Martin (1932). Ship-furnishing and Decoration. p. 71.
^ O'Brien, Mildred Jackson (1946). "From European Looms". The Rug and Carpet Book. M. Barrows and Company, Inc. pp. 54–55.
^ O'Sullivan, Feargus (February 25, 2019). "The Good, Bad, and Ugly Public Transit Seat Covers of the World". Bloomberg CityLab. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
^ During the decades of the many railway companies, there were some ten moquette manufacturers in the UK; by mid-1960s this was reduced to Courtaulds and Holdsworth Fabrics.^{[citation needed]}
^ "A history of moquette". London Transport Museum. Retrieved 2023-02-13.
^ O'Sullivan, Feargus (2019-02-25). "The Good, Bad, and Ugly Public Transit Seat Covers of the World". Bloomberg. Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved 2023-02-13.

External links

Gallery of moquettes used by London transport

Fabric

Types

Woven	Abacá cloth (Medriñaque) Aertex Armazine Almerían silk Barathea Barkcloth Batiste Bedford cord Bengaline Beta cloth Bombazine Brilliantine Broadcloth Buckram Bunting Burlap Byrd Cloth C change Calico Cambric Canvas Chambray Capilene Cedar bark textile Challis Char cloth Charmeuse Charvet Cheesecloth Chiffon Chino Chintz Cloqué Cloth of gold Cordura Corduroy Cotton duck Coutil Crêpe Cretonne Denim Dimity Donegal tweed Dornix Dowlas Drill Drugget Eolienne Flannel Foulard Fustian Gabardine Gauze Gazar Georgette Ghalamkar Gingham Grenadine Grenfell Cloth Grosgrain Habutai Haircloth Harris tweed Herringbone Himroo Hodden Irish linen Jamdani Kerseymere Khādī Khaki drill Kijōka-bashōfu Kente cloth Lamé Lawn Linsey-woolsey Loden Longcloth Mackinaw Madapollam Madras Moleskin Muslin Nainsook Nankeen Ninon Oilskin Organdy Organza Osnaburg Ottoman Oxford Paduasoy Percale Perpetuana Pongee Poplin Rakematiz Rayadillo Rep Ripstop Russell cord Saga Nishiki Samite Sateen Satin Saye Scarlet Seerhand muslin Seersucker Sendal Serge Scrim Shot silk Stuff Taffeta Tais Tartan Ticking Toile Tucuyo Tweed Twill Ultrasuede Vegetable flannel Ventile Vinyl coated polyester Viyella Voile Wadmal Waffle Wigan Whipcord Zephyr Zorbeez
Figured woven	Brocade Camlet Damask Lampas Songket Rinzu
Pile woven	Baize Chenille Corduroy Crimplene Fustian Mockado Moquette Plush Polar fleece Terrycloth Velours du Kasaï Velvet Velveteen Zibeline
Nonwoven	Felt Cedar bark
Knitted	Boiled wool Coolmax Machine knitting Milliskin Jersey Velour
Netted	Bobbinet Carbon fibers Lace Mesh Needlerun net Ninon Tulle