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Nahshon ben Zadok
נחשון בן צדוק
Personal life
Parent	Zadok (father)
Era	Geonic period
Notable work(s)	Explanations to difficult words in the Talmud, Re'umah (ascribed)
Religious life
Religion	Judaism

Rabbinical eras
Chazal Zugot Tannaim Amoraim Savoraim Geonim Rishonim Acharonim
v t e

Nahshon ben Zadok Gaon (Hebrew: נחשון בן צדוק or sometimes: Nahshon b. Zadok) was head of the Academy of Sura from 874 to 882, in succession to Mar Amram ben Sheshna. He wrote explanations to difficult words in the Talmud, not in alphabetical order, as did his contemporary Gaon Ẓemaḥ ben Paltoi of Pumbedita, but in the order of the tractates. The Re'umah, on ritual slaughtering (Constantinople, 1566), is ascribed to him, but his authorship is doubtful.

He devoted much attention to the study of the Jewish calendar. He is said to have found that the order of the week-days on which any particular festival occurs in successive years repeats itself after a cycle of 247 years, and that the years with regard to their characteristic dates can be arranged in 14 tables. This erroneous notion is known as, and is contained in, the Iggul [Cycle] di R. Nahshon, which work was printed with the She'erit Yosef of Joseph b. Shem-Ṭob b. Joshua (1521). Nahshon and his son Hai Gaon did not approve of saying the "Kol Nidre" on the eve of Yom Kippur.

Most of his responsa, contained in the collection Sha'are Ẓedeḳ, are written in Aramaic in a curt, difficult style; but the responsa ascribed to him in Teshubot Ge'onim Ḳadmonim are written in mixed Hebrew in a plain, easy diction. Some of his decisions conflict with the Talmud, and in his haggadic interpretations he did not always agree with the older haggadists. He was greatly respected by his contemporaries.

References

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Nahshon ben Zadok". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. Its bibliography:

Grätz, Gesch. v. 280;
Heilprin, Seder ha-Dorot, i. 181, Warsaw, 1883;
Weiss, Dor, iv. 109, 122-124;
Zacuto, Yuḥasin, ed. Filipowski, p. 206, London, 1857.

Preceded by Amram Gaon	Gaon of the Sura Academy 872-879	Succeeded by Zemah ben Hayyim

v t e Geonim
Deans of Pumbedita Academy	Hanan of Iskiya Mari ben R. Dimi Rav Hana (Huna) Rav Rabbah (Rava, Ravah) Rav Bosai (Bostanai) Huna Mari ben Mar Joseph Hiyya of Meshan Rav Rabya (Moronai) Natronai ben Nehemiah Judah Gaon Joseph Gaon Samuel ben Mar Mari Natroi Kahana b. Emuna Abraham Kahana Dodai ben Nahman (Rav Dorai) Hananya ben Mesharsheya Malka ben Aha Rabba ben Dodai Rav Shinwai Haninai Kahana ben Abraham Haninai Kahana ben Abraham Huna ben ha-Levi ben Isaac Manasseh ben Joseph Isaiah ha-Levi ben Abba Joseph ben Shila Kahana ben Haninai Gaon Abumai Kahana ben Abraham Joseph ben Abba Abraham ben Sherira Joseph ben Mar Hiyya Isaac ben Hananiah Joseph ben Abba Paltoi ben Abaye Aha Kahana ben Mar Rav Menahem ben Joseph ben Hiyya Mattithiah ha-Kohen b. Ravrevay b. Hanina Abba ben Ammi Zemah ben Paltoi Hai ben David Kimoi ben Ahhai Mebasser Kahana ben Kimoi Kohen Tzedek Kahana ben Joseph Zemah ben Kafnai Hananiah ben Yehudai Aaron ibn Sargado Nehemiah ben Kohen Tzedek Sherira Gaon Hai Gaon Hezekiah Gaon
Deans of Sura Academy	Mar ben Huna Hanina (Hinenai) Rav Hunai (Huna) Rav Sheshna (Mesharsheya b. Tahlifa) Hanina of Nehar Pekkod (Hinenai) Hillai of Naresh Jacob of Nehar Pekod Rav Samuel Mari ha-Kohen of Nehar Pekod Achai Gaon Yehudai Gaon Ahhunai Kahana ben Papa Haninai Kahana ben Huna Mari ha-Levi ben Mesharsheya Bebai ha-Levi ben Abba of Nehar Pekod Hilai ben Mari Jacob ha-Kohen ben Mordecai Rav Abimai Zadok ben Ashi (Issac ben Jesse) Hilai ben Hananiah Kimoi ben Ashi Mesharsheya Kahana ben Jacob Kohen Tzedek ben Abimai Sar Shalom ben Boaz Natronai ben Hilai Amram Gaon Nahshon ben Zadok Zemah ben Hayyim Rav Malka Hai ben Nahshon Hilai ben Natronai ben Hilai Shalom ben Mishael Jacob ben Natronai Yom-Tob Kahana ben Jacob Saadia ben Joseph (Saadia Gaon) Joseph ben Jacob Zemah Tzedek ben Paltoi ben Issac Samuel ben Hofni Dosa ben Saadia Israel ha-Kohen ben Samuel ben Hofni Azariah ha-Kohen ben Israel
Later Babylonian Geonim	Isaac ben Moses ben Sukkari Eli ha-Levi Solomon (Gaon) Samuel ben Ali Zechariah ben Berakhel Eleazer ben Hillel ben Fahd Daniel ben Eleazer ben Hibat Allah Hibat Allah ben Abil Rabi Isaac ben al-Awani ha-Cohen Isaac ben Israel Ibn al-Shuwaykh Ali ben Zechariah Samuel ben Daniel ha-Cohen
Deans of Kairouan Academy	Jacob ben Nissim Chushiel ben Elchanan
Geonim in the Land of Israel	Pinhas ben Jacob ha-Cohen Jehoshaphat ben Josiah Semah ben Josiah Aaron ben Moses ben Meir Isaac (Gaon) Aaron ben Meir Abraham ben Aaron Aaron ha-Cohen (Gaon) Joseph ben Ezrun ha-Cohen Ezrun Samuel ben Joseph ha-Cohen Jose ben Samuel ha-Cohen Shemaya Gaon Josiah ben Aaron Solomon ben Joseph ha-Cohen Solomon ben Judah (Gaon) Daniel ben Azariah Elijah ben Solomon ha-Cohen Abiathar ben Elijah ha-Cohen Solomon ben Elijah ha-Cohen Masliah ben Solomon ha-Cohen Moses ben Netanel ha-Levi Abraham ben Mazhir Netanel ben Moses ha-Levi Sar Shalom ben Moses ha-Levi Ezra ben Abraham Sar Shalom ben Abraham Sadoq
Others	Mar Isaac of Firuz Shabur Achai Gaon Simeon Kayyara

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