Niu Jin

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Niu Jin

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Niu Jin
牛金

General of the Rear (後將軍)
In office 238 (238)–? (?)
Monarchs	Cao Rui, Cao Fang?

Personal details
Born	Unknown; before 208
Died	Unknown; in or after 238
Occupation	General

Niu Jin (pronunciation^ⓘ) (fl. 208–238) was a military general serving under the warlord Cao Cao during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. He continued serving in the state of Cao Wei, founded by Cao Cao's successor Cao Pi, during the Three Kingdoms period of China.

Life

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Niu Jin participated in the Battle of Jiangling of 208, during which he volunteered to lead 300 horsemen to attack the enemy, but was only saved by Cao Ren when he got surrounded.

Years later, he participated in the counter-attack against the invading Shu forces in 231 and scored a victory over Zhuge Liang's unit, and pursued him to Mount Qi. In 234, he soundly defeated the Shu general Ma Dai on the battlefield and killed thousands of enemies. In 238, he followed Sima Yi on his campaign against Gongsun Yuan and was promoted to General of the Rear (後將軍).

However, Niu Jin's accomplishments in his later years had only earned him the apprehension from the Simas, thus he was ordered to commit suicide by drinking poison. The exact reasons for his death as well as the year he died remain disputed. The Yuan Shi Juan states that the incident happened "after the Year of the Horse^[1]" and that Niu Jin was poisoned by drinking toxic wine. Other records state that it was because Niu Jin committed adultery with one of the Sima relatives and was assassinated with poison arrows "during the Year of the Cow".^[2] This account is somewhat supported by Wei's records as they state that an illegitimate child was born in the Sima family. A story from unknown origin also states that Niu Jin was killed since he was actually a distant relative of the former emperor; his death date and the accuracy of this statement are difficult to verify.

In Romance of the Three Kingdoms

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In the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Niu Jin was one of Cao Ren's subordinates. He chased Gan Ning back to Yiling during the battle of Jiangling, but was surrounded by reinforcements led by Zhou Yu, and was ultimately defeated. Niu Jin then regrouped and planned a night attack on Zhou Yu's camp, but in the end he was once again beaten, suffering another great loss.

References

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^ 238 is a Year of the Horse. Since the next Year of the Horse is 250, by this theory, Niu Jin died after 238.
^ 245 is a Year of the Cow. Since the next Year of the Horse is 257, by this theory, Niu Jin died in 245.

Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi).
Pei, Songzhi (5th century). Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi zhu).

v t e Prominent people of Cao Wei
Emperors	Cao Cao (posthumously) Cao Pi Cao Rui Cao Fang Cao Mao Cao Huan
Empresses	Empress Dowager Bian Lady Zhen Empress Wende Empress Mingdao Empress Mingyuan Empress Huai Empress Zhang Empress Wang Empress Bian (Cao Mao's wife) Empress Bian (Cao Huan's wife)
Princes and male royal figures	Cao Biao Cao Gan Cao Gong Cao Gun Cao Hui Cao Jian Cao Ju (Prince of Pengcheng) Cao Jun (Prince of Chenliu) Cao Li Cao Lin (Prince of Donghai) Cao Lin (Prince of Pei) Cao Mao Cao Rui Cao Xie Cao Xun Cao Yan Cao Yong Cao Yu Cao Zhang Cao Zhi
Princess and female royal figures	Duquess Cao Cao Hua Cao Xian Princess Dongxiang Princess Jinxiang Princess Anyang Princess Changle Princess Qinghe Lady Yu Princess Linfen
Regents	Cao Shuang Sima Yi Sima Shi Sima Zhao Sima Yan
Civil officers	Bao Xun Bi Gui Cang Ci Chang Lin Chen Jiao Chen Qun Cui Lin Deng Yang Dong Zhao Du Ji Du Xi Fu Jia Fu Xuan Fu Xun Gao Rou Gaotang Long Guan Ning Han Ji He Kui He Qia He Yan Hu Zhi Hua Xin Huan Fan Huan Jie Jia Chong Jia Xu Jiang Ji Li Dian Li Feng Li Sheng Liang Xi Liu Shao Liu Ye Liu Yi Lu Yu Pang Yu Pei Qian Pei Xiu Sima Fu Sima Zhi Su Ze Wang Chen Wang Guan Wang Lang Wang Jing Wang Su Wang Xiang Wang Ye Wei Ji Wei Zhen Wu Zhi Xiahou He Xiahou Hui Xiahou Wei Xiahou Xuan Xin Pi Xing Yong Xu Miao Xu Shu Xu Xuan Xun Xu Xun Yi Yang Fu Yang Jun Yu Huan Zhang Hua Zhang Ji (Derong) Zhang Ji (Jingzhong) Zheng Hun Zhong Yao Zhong Yu
Military officers	Cao Hong Cao Ren Cao Xiu Cao Zhang Cao Zhen Chen Tai Deng Ai Du Yu Fei Yao Gongsun Yuan Guanqiu Jian Guo Huai Hao Zhao Huang Quan Jia Kui Liu Jing Lü Qian Man Chong Meng Da Niu Jin Pang De Qian Hong Qian Zhao Qin Lang Sima Wang Sima Zhou Sun Li Tang Zi Tian Xu Tian Yu Wang Chang Wang Hun Wang Ji Wang Jun Wang Ling Wang Shuang Wang Zhong Wei Guan Wen Ping Wen Qin Wen Yang Wei Guan Xiahou Ba Xiahou Dun Xiahou Mao Xiahou Shang Xu Chu Xu Huang Xu Zhi Yang Hu Yang Qiu Yin Li Yu Jin Yue Jin Zang Ba Zhang He Zhang Liao Zhang Te Zhao Yan Zhong Hui Zhou Tai Zhu Ling Zhuge Dan Zhuge Xu
Other notable women	Cai Yan Cuishi Guo Huai Pang E Wang Yi Wang Yuanji Xiahou Hui Xin Xianying Yang Huiyu Xiahou Lingnü Zhang Chunhua Zhang Changpu Princess Changshan Yang Yan Wei Huacun Xun Cai Xu Yi
Other notable figures	Budugen Du Kui Guan Lu Huangfu Mi Huchuquan Liu Bao Kebineng Liu Hui Ma Jun Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove Wang Bi Xun Can Pei Xiu Zhou Xuan Zhu Jianping

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Life

In Romance of the Three Kingdoms

See also

References