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Orodes of Armenia - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Orodes of Armenia (flourished 1st century) was a Parthian prince who served as a Roman client king of Armenia in 35 and from again 37 until 42. Orodes was the second born son of King Artabanus II of Parthia by a wife whose name is unknown. He was born and raised in the Parthian empire. Orodes was the namesake of his Parthian relations who ruled with this name as king.

In 35 after the death of his older brother Arsaces I, who served briefly as Roman client king of Armenia, Artabanus II installed him as the new king of Armenia. When Orodes arrived in Armenia, Orodes avenged the death of Arsaces I by executing the bribed servants who poisoned Arsaces.^[1]^[2]

As this time the Roman emperor Tiberius, refused to accept the kingship of Orodes and Tiberius appointed the Iberian prince Mithridates as the new Roman client Armenian king with the support of his brother, King Pharasmanes I of Iberia.^[3]

Orodes faced Mithridates in a military campaign in Armenia that was in unfavorable conditions for Orodes.^[4] In the military campaign, Pharasmanes I had sent his own troops and mercenaries to assist Mithridates.^[5] Orodes had the support of the Parthian army. Orodes had lost his military campaign against Mithridates in which he may have been injured and returned to Parthia.^[6]^[7]

Mithridates then became the new client king later in 35. In 37, Mithridates was arrested by the Roman emperor Caligula for unknown reasons and Orodes in 37 was restored to his kingship. He reigned from 37 until 42 and little is known on his reign. In 42, the Roman emperor Claudius replaced Orodes for unknown reasons and installed again Mithridates as the new client king.

References

^ Chaumont, Armenia between Rome and Iran I: the advent of Augustus to the accession of Diocletian, p.89
^ Tacitus, Annals, 6.33
^ Grousset, History of Armenia from its origins to 1071, p.105
^ Chaumont, Armenia between Rome and Iran I: the advent of Augustus to the accession of Diocletian, p.89
^ Grousset, History of Armenia from its origins to 1071, p.106
^ Tacitus, Annals, 6.33-35
^ Chaumont, Armenia between Rome and Iran I: the advent of Augustus to the accession of Diocletian, p.90

Sources

Tacitus, Annals of Imperial Rome, 1st century
R. Grousset, History of Armenia from its origins to 1071, Paris Payot, 1947 (reprinted again in 1984, 1995 & 2008)
M.L. Chaumont, Armenia between Rome and Iran I: the advent of Augustus to the accession of Diocletian from Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt II, 1976
Schmitt, Tassilo (2022). "König Pharasmanes I. als Bumberazi (ბუმბერაზი) bei Tacitus. Erwägungen zu kaukasisch-iberischer Heldenepik, Kulturtransfer, senatorischer Selbstdarstellung und römischer Historiographie" [King Pharasmanes I as Bumberazi (ბუმბერაზი) in Tacitus. Considerations on Caucasian-Iberian heroic epic, cultural transfer, senatorial self-representation and Roman historiography]. Phasis 25, pp. 49-114.

Regnal titles
Preceded by Mithridates I	King of Armenia 37 – 42	Succeeded by Mithridates I

Armenian monarchs

Antiquity
336 BC–428

Orontids	Orontes II Orontes III Sames Arsames Arsames II Xerxes Orontes IV
Artaxiads	Artaxias I Artavasdes I Tigranes I Tigranes II Artavasdes II Artaxias II Tigranes III Tigranes IV & Erato Artavades III Tigranes IV & Erato
Non-dynastic	Ariobarzanes Artavasdes IV Tigranes V Vonones Artaxias III Arshak I Mithridates Orodes Mithridates Rhadamistus Tiridates I Tigranes VI
Arsacids	Tiridates I Sanatruk Axidares Parthamasiris Vologases I Sohaemus Aurelius Pacorus Sohaemus Vologases II Khosrov I Tiridates II Hormizd-Ardashir Narseh Khosrov II Tiridates (III) Tiridates III (IV) Khosrov III Tiran Arshak II Pap Varazdat Arshak III Vologases III Khosrov IV Vramshapuh Khosrov V Shapur Artaxias IV

Bagratids
884–1045

Cilicia
1080–1198 (principality)
1198–1375 (kingdom)

Rubenids	Roupen I (prince) Constantine I (prince) Thoros I (prince) Constantine II (prince) Leo I (prince) Thoros II (prince) Roupen II (prince) Mleh (prince) Roupen III (prince) Leo II (I) (prince, later king) Isabella & Philip
Hethumids	Hethum I Leo II Hethum II Thoros Hethum II Smbat IV Constantine I Hethum II Leo III Oshin Leo IV
Lusignan	Constantine II
Neghir	Constantine III Constantine IV
Lusignan	Leo V

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