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Pneumoparotitis - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Pneumoparotitis (also termed pneumosialadenitis^[1] wind parotitis,^[1] surgical mumps,^[2] or anaesthesia mumps),^[2] is a rare cause of parotid gland swelling which occurs when air is forced through the parotid (Stensen) duct resulting in inflation of the duct.^[3]

Signs and symptoms

The size of the swelling is variable, but it is soft^[4] and can occur on one side or both sides.^[1] It is typically non tender,^[4] although sometimes there may be pain.^[1] It usually resolves over minutes to hours, however occasionally this may take days.^[1] The condition can be transient or recurrent.^[5]

Causes

The condition is caused by raised air pressure in the mouth. ^[1]

Diagnosis and management

Pneumoparotitis is often misdiagnosed and incorrectly managed.^[5] The diagnosis is based mainly on the history.^[1] Crepitus may be elicited on palpation of the parotid swelling,^[1] and massaging the gland may give rise to frothy saliva or air bubbles from the parotid papilla.^[1] Further investigations are not typically required, however sialography, ultrasound and computed tomography may all show air in the parotid gland and duct.^[1]

Management is simply by avoidance of the activity causing raised intraoral pressure which is triggering this rare condition.^[1]

Prognosis

Recurrent pneumoparotitis may predispose to sialectasis, recurrent parotitis, and subcutaneous emphysema^[5] of the face and neck, and mediastinum, and potentially pneumothorax.^[1]

Epidemiology

The condition is rare.^[5] It is more likely to occur in persons who regularly have raised pressure in the mouth, for example wind instrument players,^[6] and balloon^[1] and glass-blowers.^[7] Cases have also been reported with bicycle tyre inflation,^[1] whistling,^[1] nose blowing,^[1] cough^[1] and valsalva manoeuvre to clear the ears.^[1] It can be an iatrogenic effect of dental treatment,^[1] spirometry,^[1] and positive pressure ventilation.^[2] Apart from these factors, the condition mainly occurs in adolescents, often self-inflicted due to psychological issues.^[7]^[8]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t Joiner MC; van der Kogel A (15 June 2016). Basic Clinical Radiobiology, Fifth Edition. CRC Press. p. 1908. ISBN 978-0-340-80893-1.
^ ^a ^b ^c Gibson AM; Benko KR (5 May 2013). Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat Emergencies, An Issue of Emergency Medicine Clinics. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 124. ISBN 978-1-4557-7171-4.
^ McCormick, Michael E.; Bawa, Gurneet; Shah, Rahul K. (2013). "Idiopathic recurrent pneumoparotitis". American Journal of Otolaryngology. 34 (2): 180–182. doi:10.1016/j.amjoto.2012.11.005. ISSN 0196-0709. PMID 23318047.
^ ^a ^b Mukherji SK; Chong V (1 January 2011). Atlas of Head and Neck Imaging: The Extracranial Head and Neck. Thieme. p. 147. ISBN 978-1-60406-525-1.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Goguen, LA; April, MM; Karmody, CS; Carter, BL (December 1995). "Self-induced pneumoparotitis". Archives of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery. 121 (12): 1426–9. doi:10.1001/archotol.1995.01890120082017. PMID 7488376.
^ Kreuter, M; Kreuter, C; Herth, F (February 2008). "[Pneumological aspects of wind instrument performance--physiological, pathophysiological and therapeutic considerations]". Pneumologie (Stuttgart, Germany). 62 (2): 83–7. doi:10.1055/s-2007-996164. PMID 18075966.
^ ^a ^b Ferlito, A; Andretta, M; Baldan, M; Candiani, F (June 1992). "Non-occupational recurrent bilateral pneumoparotitis in an adolescent". The Journal of Laryngology and Otology. 106 (6): 558–60. doi:10.1017/s0022215100120146. PMID 1624898.
^ Markowitz-Spence, L; Brodsky, L; Seidell, G; Stanievich, JF (December 1987). "Self-induced pneumoparotitis in an adolescent. Report of a case and review of the literature". International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. 14 (2–3): 113–21. doi:10.1016/0165-5876(87)90021-8. PMID 3325441.

Oral and maxillofacial pathology

Lips
Cheilitis Actinic Angular Plasma cell Cleft lip Congenital lip pit Eclabium Herpes labialis Macrocheilia Microcheilia Nasolabial cyst Sun poisoning Trumpeter's wart

Tongue
Ankyloglossia Black hairy tongue Caviar tongue Crenated tongue Cunnilingus tongue Fissured tongue Foliate papillitis Glossitis Geographic tongue Median rhomboid glossitis Transient lingual papillitis Glossoptosis Hypoglossia Lingual thyroid Macroglossia Microglossia Rhabdomyoma

Palate
Bednar's aphthae Cleft palate High-arched palate Palatal cysts of the newborn Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia Stomatitis nicotina Torus palatinus

Oral mucosa – Lining of mouth

Teeth (pulp, dentin, enamel)

Periodontium (gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, alveolus) – Gums and tooth-supporting structures

Periapical, mandibular and maxillary hard tissues – Bones of jaws

Temporomandibular joints, muscles of mastication and malocclusions – Jaw joints, chewing muscles and bite abnormalities
Bruxism Condylar resorption Mandibular dislocation Malocclusion Crossbite Open bite Overbite Overeruption Overjet Prognathia Retrognathia Scissor bite Maxillary hypoplasia Temporomandibular joint dysfunction Condylar hypoplasia Condylar hyperplasia

Salivary glands

Stomatognathic system – Teeth, jaws, tongue and associated soft tissues
Bruxism Mouth breathing Sleep apnea Catathrenia Central hypoventilation syndrome Obesity hypoventilation syndrome Obstructive sleep apnea Periodic breathing Snoring

Orofacial soft tissues – Soft tissues around the mouth
Actinomycosis Angioedema Basal cell carcinoma Cutaneous sinus of dental origin Cystic hygroma Gnathophyma Ludwig's angina Macrostomia Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome Microstomia Noma Oral Crohn's disease Orofacial granulomatosis Perioral dermatitis Pyostomatitis vegetans

Other
Eagle syndrome Hemifacial hypertrophy Facial hemiatrophy Oral manifestations of systemic disease

Category:

Salivary gland pathology