Epstein Files Full PDF

CLICK HERE
Technopedia Center
PMB University Brochure
Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science
S1 Informatics S1 Information Systems S1 Information Technology S1 Computer Engineering S1 Electrical Engineering S1 Civil Engineering

faculty of Economics and Business
S1 Management S1 Accountancy

Faculty of Letters and Educational Sciences
S1 English literature S1 English language education S1 Mathematics education S1 Sports Education
teknopedia

  • Registerasi
  • Brosur UTI
  • Kip Scholarship Information
  • Performance
Flag Counter
  1. World Encyclopedia
  2. Qingdao dialect - Wikipedia
Qingdao dialect - Wikipedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mandarin dialect of Shandong, China
icon
You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Chinese. (June 2011) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
  • View a machine-translated version of the Chinese article.
  • Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
  • Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 389 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization.
  • Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
  • You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Chinese Wikipedia article at [[:zh:青島話]]; see its history for attribution.
  • You may also add the template {{Translated|zh|青島話}} to the talk page.
  • For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.
icon
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "Qingdao dialect" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR
(March 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Qingdao dialect
青岛方言,青岛话
Native toChina
RegionQingdao
Language family
Sino-Tibetan
  • Sinitic
    • Chinese
      • Mandarin
        • Jiao-Liao
          • Qingdao dialect
Language codes
ISO 639-3–
GlottologNone

The Qingdao dialect is the local dialect of the city of Qingdao and nearby towns, in China's Shandong Province.

Often characterized as requiring a "fat tongue", the Qingdao dialect often adds a /θ/ (English "th") sound to Mandarin's /ʂ/ (Pinyin "sh"), /ɕ/ (Pinyin "x"), and /s/ (Pinyin "s"). It also obliterates many Mandarin tones.

The basic, though not at all universal rule for converting Putonghua to the Qingdao dialect in the pinyin system is that a Mandarin 1 tone will become a Qingdao 3, 2 becomes a 4, 3 becomes 1 and 4 remains four. The Qingdao dialect's 1 tone (Mandarin's 3) also has a drawl to it. (the pinyin tones are: 1ˉ 2ˊ 3ˇ 4ˋ)

There are other phonetic changes from Mandarin to the Qingdao dialect:

  • "gá •la" (蛤蜊), the local spicy clam dish, known in Mandarin as "gé •li"
  • "hā pì jiū" (喝啤酒), drink beer
  • "bài dào •dao" (别叨叨), meaning "no need to say more", but better understood to mean "shut up". Literally translated as "don't blather on".
  • "Zhei Ba (窄巴), narrow (窄 is pronounced as Zhei in Qingdao dialect, different from Zhai in Putonghua)
  • "Biao (彪)/ Chao (嘲)/ Ban Xian (半仙)/ Yu (愚), stupid [1]

Nearly all Qingdao natives can understand Mandarin, but they will often respond in the Qingdao dialect without realizing they are doing so. The Qingdao dialect is not necessarily standardized throughout Qingdao. Different neighbourhoods, from Zhanshan to Xinjiazhuang to Maidao, will have their own variations.

Qingdao's urban dialect words originated between the 1940s and the 1960s. It has slowly developed its own "-isms" and slang over the years.

See also

[edit]
  • Jiaoliao Mandarin

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Yi Ching, Leung. "17 verbal flavors of Shandong: the 101 guide to the dialects of Shandong". www.zentopia-culture.com/. Leung Yi Ching. Archived from the original on 18 February 2017. Retrieved 18 February 2017.

External links

[edit]
  • 鲁葱的母语:青岛话 (in Chinese)
  • 青岛市志•方言志 (in Chinese)
  • 鲁葱的母语:青岛话 (in Chinese)
  • v
  • t
  • e
Sino-Tibetan branches
Western Himalayas (Himachal,
Uttarakhand, Nepal, Sikkim)
  • West Himalayish
  • Tamangic
  • Newaric
    • Newar
    • Baram–Thangmi
  • Kiranti
  • Dhimalish
    • Dhimal
    • Toto
    • Lhokpu
  • Lepcha
Greater Magaric
  • Magaric
    • Magar
    • Kham
  • Chepangic
    • Chepang
    • Bhujel
  • Raji–Raute
  • Dura–Tandrange
Map of Sino-Tibetan languages
Eastern Himalayas
(Tibet, Bhutan, Arunachal)
  • Bodish
    • Tibetic
    • East Bodish
    • Tshangla
    • Basum
    • Nam?
  • Gongduk
  • ʼOle
  • Kho-Bwa
    • Puroik?
  • Tani
  • Chamdo
Myanmar and Indo-
Burmese border
  • Karbi
  • Kuki-Chin
  • Mruic
    • Mru
    • Hkongso
  • Pyu
  • Taman
Naga
  • Ao
  • Angami–Pochuri
  • Meitei
  • Tangkhulic
  • Zeme
Sal
  • Boro–Garo
  • Konyak
  • Jingpho–Luish
East and Southeast Asia
  • Sinitic
    • Yue
    • Pinghua
    • Hakka
    • Min
    • Wu
    • Hui
    • Gan
    • Xiang
    • Mandarin
    • Jin
  • Bai
  • Tujia
  • Nungish
  • Karenic
  • Gong
  • Kathu
  • Cai–Long
    • Caijia
    • Longjia–Luren
Burmo-Qiangic
  • Qiangic
    • Gyalrongic
  • Ersuic
  • Naic
  • Lolo-Burmese
    • Mondzish
    • Burmish
    • Loloish
Dubious (possible
isolates, Arunachal)
  • Hrusish
    • Hruso
    • Mijiic
  • Miju–Meyor
  • Songlin
Greater Siangic
  • Siangic
    • Koro
    • Milang
  • Idu–Taraon
Proposed groupings
  • Central Tibeto-Burman
  • Kuki-Chin–Naga
  • Macro-Bai
  • Mahakiranti
  • Rung
  • Tibeto-Burman
  • Tibeto-Kanauri
Proto-languages
  • Proto-Sino-Tibetan
  • Proto-Tibeto-Burman
  • Proto-Loloish
  • Proto-Karenic
  • Proto-Min
  • Proto-Hakka
Italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches.
  • v
  • t
  • e
Chinese language
Sinitic languages
Varieties
Mandarin
Beijing
Lingua franca of
modern Chinese
Standard forms
  • Standard Chinese
    • differences
  • Old National Pronunciation
Regional accents
and varieties
  • Guangdong [zh]
  • Majie [zh]
  • Liuzhou [zh]
  • Sichuan
  • Taiwan
    • Central Taiwan [zh]
  • Singapore-Malaysia [zh]
    • Singapore
    • Malaysia
      • Kluang [zh]
  • Beijing females [zh]
Traditional dialects
  • Jingcheng
    • Beijing
    • Huaicheng
  • Chaofeng
Northeastern
  • Changchun
  • Harbin
  • Shenyang
  • Taz
Jilu
  • Tianjin
  • Jinan
Jiaoliao
  • Dalian
  • Qingdao
  • Weihai
Central Plains
  • Dongping
  • Gangou
  • Guanzhong
    • Xi'an
  • Luoyang
  • Xuzhou
  • Dungan
Southwestern
  • Sichuanese
    • Chengdu–Chongqing
    • (?) Minjiang
      • Leshan
    • Renshou–Fushun [zh]
      • Zigong
  • Kunming
  • Nanping
  • Wuhan
  • Gui–Liu
    • Wuming
Jianghuai
  • Nanjing
  • Nantong
  • Nanping
Lanyin
  • Lanzhou dialect [zh]
  • Ürümqi dialect [zh]
Other
  • Junjiahua
  • Qinjiang
  • Gyami
Jin
  • Zhangjiakou–Hohhot
  • Zhi–Yan
Wu
Taihu
(Northern)
Sujiahu
  • Shanghai
  • Suzhou
  • Kunshan
  • Wuxi
  • Shadi
Piling
  • Changzhou
  • Jiangyin
Linshao
  • Shaoxing
Yongjiang
  • Ningbo
  • (?) Hangzhou
  • Jinxiang
Taizhou
  • Taizhou
  • Tiantai
Oujiang
  • Wenzhou
  • Rui'an
  • Wencheng
Wuzhou
  • Jinhua
Chu–Qu
  • Quzhou
  • Jiangshan
  • Qingtian
Xuanzhou
  • Xuancheng
Huizhou
  • Ji-She [zh]
  • Xiu-Yi [zh]
  • Qi-De [zh]
  • Yanzhou [zh]
  • Jing-Zhan [zh]
Gan
  • Chang–Du
    • Nanchang
  • Yi–Liu
  • Ying–Yi
  • Da–Tong
Xiang
  • Changyi
    • Changsha
  • Loushao
    • Shuangfeng
    • Xiangxiang
    • Wugang
  • Ji–Xu
  • Yong–Quan
    • Qiyang
Min
Eastern
Houguan [zh]
  • Fuzhou
  • Fuqing
  • Changle
  • Gutian
  • Matsu
Fu–Ning [zh]
  • Ningde
  • Fu'an
Other
  • Manjiang
  • Zhongshan
    • Longdu
    • Nanlang
Pu–Xian
  • Putian
  • Xianyou
Southern
Hokkien
  • Quanzhou
  • Zhangzhou
  • Amoy
  • Chawan
  • Taiwan
  • Philippines
  • Penang
  • Medan
  • Singapore
  • Southern Malaysia
Teochew
  • Swatow
  • Haklau
  • Pontianak
Other
  • Zhongshan
    • Sanxiang
  • Zhenan
  • Longyan
Leizhou
  • Zhanjiang
Hainan
  • Wenchang
  • Haikou
  • Banqiao
Inland
  • Northern
    • Jian'ou
    • Jianyang
  • Central
  • Shao–Jiang
Hakka
  • Huiyang [zh]
    • Changting
  • Meixian
  • Pontianak
  • Singkawang
  • Taiwan
    • Sixian
    • Hailu
    • Raoping
  • Tingzhou
  • Wuhua
Yue
Yuehai
  • Guangzhou
    • Hong Kong
    • Malaysia
  • Xiguan
  • Jiujiang
  • Shiqi
  • Weitou
  • Dapeng
  • Yunfu
Siyi
  • Taishan
  • Xinhui [zh]
Other
  • Gao–Yang
  • Goulou
  • Wu–Hua
  • Yong–Xun
  • Luo–Guang
  • Qin–Lian
Pinghua
  • Northern Pinghua
    • Tongdao
    • Younian
  • Southern Pinghua
    • Yongjiang
    • Guandao
    • Rongjiang
Unclassified
  • Tuhua
    • Shaozhou
    • Xiangnan
  • Danzhou
  • Badong Yao
  • Shehua
  • Waxiang
  • Yeheni
  • Huizhou (Guangdong)
  • Mai
  • Laobeizi
(?) Macro-Bai
  • Bai
  • Cai-Long
    • Caijia
    • Longjia
    • Luren
History, phonology, and grammar
History
  • Proto-Sino-Tibetan
  • Old Chinese
  • Eastern Han
  • Middle Chinese
  • Old Mandarin
  • Middle Mandarin
  • Proto-Min
  • Proto-Hakka
  • Ba–Shu
  • Gan
Phonology
  • Historical
    • Old
  • Old National
  • Cantonese
  • Hokkien
  • Northern Wu
  • Mandarin
  • Literary and colloquial readings
Grammar
  • Numerals
  • Classifiers
  • Honorifics
  • Cantonese grammar
  • Classical grammar
Idioms
  • Chengyu
  • Xiehouyu
Written Chinese and input methods
Literary forms
Official
  • Classical
    • Adoption
    • in Japan
    • in Vietnam
  • Vernacular
  • Written Cantonese
  • Written Dungan
  • Written Hokkien
  • Written Sichuanese
Scripts
Logographic
Script styles
  • Oracle bone
  • Bronze
  • Seal
  • Clerical
  • Semi-cursive
  • Cursive
    • Chinese characters
      • Simplified
      • Traditional
    • Punctuation
    Braille
  • Cantonese
  • Mainland Chinese
  • Taiwanese
  • Two-cell
  • Phonetic
    • Romanization
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh
      • Hanyu Pinyin
      • MPS II
      • Postal
      • Tongyong Pinyin
      • Wade–Giles
      • EFEO
      • Lessing-Othmer
      • Yale
    • Cyrillization
      • Dungan Cyrillic
    • Bopomofo
      • Cantonese Bopomofo
      • Taiwanese Phonetic Symbols
    • Taiwanese kana
    • Taiwanese Hangul
    • Xiao'erjing
    • Nüshu
    Input methods
    Logographic
    • Biaoxingma
    • Boshiamy [zh]
    • Cangjie
      • Simplified
    • CKC
    • Dayi
    • Stroke count
    • Wubi (Wang Ma)
    • ZhengMa
    • Q9
    Pinyin
    • Google
    • Sogou
    List of varieties of Chinese
    • v
    • t
    • e
    Shandong topics
    capital: Jinan · largest city: Linyi (by population) · Qingdao (by GDP)
    General
    • History
    • Politics
    • Economy
    Geography
    Administrative
    • Prefectures
    • Cities
    • Towns
    Mountains
    • Mount Tai
    • Mount Kunyu
    • Mount Lao
    Water bodies
    • Yellow River and its Delta
    • Grand Canal
    • Xiaoqing River
    • Dongping Lake
    • Weishan Lake
    • Laizhou Bay
    • Bohai Sea
    • Yellow Sea
    Land features
    • North China Plain
    • North China craton
    • Shandong Peninsula
    Education
    • Shandong University
    • Ocean University of China
    • China University of Petroleum
    • Shandong Normal University
    Culture
    • Lü opera
    • Qi–Lu culture
    Cuisine
    • Shandong cuisine
    • Braised Chicken
    • Haw flakes
    • Moo shu pork
    • Sha tang
    • Braised intestines
    Ethno-Linguistic groups
    Dialects
    • Jilu
    • Zhongyuan
    • Jiaoliao (Qingdao · Weihai)
    People
    • Han (Shandong)
    • Hui
    • Koreans
    Attractions
    • List of sites in Jinan
    • Baotu Spring
    • Daming Lake
    • Thousand Buddha Mountain
    • Dai Temple
    • Lingyan Temple
    • Pizhi Pagoda
    • Great Wall of Qi
    • Penglai City
    • Qingdao beach resort city
    • Temple and Cemetery of Confucius
    • Shou Qiu
    Category Commons
    Retrieved from "https://teknopedia.ac.id/w/index.php?title=Qingdao_dialect&oldid=1183932837"
    Categories:
    • Mandarin Chinese
    • Qingdao
    • City colloquials
    Hidden categories:
    • Articles with short description
    • Short description matches Wikidata
    • Articles needing translation from Chinese Wikipedia
    • Articles needing additional references from March 2018
    • All articles needing additional references
    • Languages without Glottolog code
    • Language articles without speaker estimate
    • Language articles with 'no date' set
    • Dialects of languages with ISO 639-3 code
    • Articles containing Chinese-language text

    • indonesia
    • Polski
    • العربية
    • Deutsch
    • English
    • Español
    • Français
    • Italiano
    • مصرى
    • Nederlands
    • 日本語
    • Português
    • Sinugboanong Binisaya
    • Svenska
    • Українська
    • Tiếng Việt
    • Winaray
    • 中文
    • Русский
    Sunting pranala
    url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url
    Pusat Layanan

    UNIVERSITAS TEKNOKRAT INDONESIA | ASEAN's Best Private University
    Jl. ZA. Pagar Alam No.9 -11, Labuhan Ratu, Kec. Kedaton, Kota Bandar Lampung, Lampung 35132
    Phone: (0721) 702022
    Email: pmb@teknokrat.ac.id