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Sargocentron Temporal range: 55–0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Early Eocene to Present ^[1]

Sargocentron coruscum
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Beryciformes
Family:	Holocentridae
Subfamily:	Holocentrinae
Genus:	Sargocentron Fowler, 1904
Type species
Holocentrum leo G. Cuvier, 1829

Sargocentron is a genus of squirrelfish (family Holocentridae) found in tropical parts of the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, with the greatest species diversity near reefs in the Indo-Pacific.^[2] Being largely or entirely nocturnal, they have relatively large eyes. Red and silvery colours dominate. The preopercle spines (near the gill-opening) are venomous and can give painful wounds.^[3]^[4] Most have a maximum length of 15–25 cm (6–10 in), but S. iota barely reaches 8 cm (3 in), and S. spiniferum can reach more than 50 cm (20 in).^[2]

Species

There are currently 33 recognized species in this genus:^[2]

Sargocentron borodinoensis Kotlyar, 2017^[5]
Sargocentron bullisi (Woods, 1955) (Deep-water squirrelfish)
Sargocentron caudimaculatum (Rüppell, 1838) (Silver-spot squirrelfish)
Sargocentron cornutum (Bleeker, 1854) (Three-spot squirrelfish)
Sargocentron coruscum (Poey, 1860) (Reef squirrelfish)
Sargocentron diadema (Lacépède, 1802) (Crown squirrelfish)
Sargocentron dorsomaculatum (Shimizu & Yamakawa, 1979) (Spot-fin squirrelfish)
Sargocentron ensifer (D. S. Jordan & Evermann, 1903) (Yellow-striped squirrelfish)
Sargocentron hastatum (G. Cuvier, 1829) (Red squirrelfish)
Sargocentron hormion J. E. Randall, 1998
Sargocentron inaequalis J. E. Randall & Heemstra, 1985 (Lattice squirrelfish)
Sargocentron iota J. E. Randall, 1998 (Dwarf squirrelfish)
Sargocentron ittodai (D. S. Jordan & Fowler, 1902) (Samurai squirrelfish)
Sargocentron lepros (G. R. Allen & N. J. Cross, 1983) (Spiny squirrelfish)
Sargocentron macrosquamis Golani, 1984 (Big-scale squirrelfish)
Sargocentron marisrubri J. E. Randall, Golani & Diamant, 1989
Sargocentron megalops J. E. Randall, 1998
Sargocentron melanospilos (Bleeker, 1858) (Black-blotch squirrelfish)
Sargocentron microstoma (Günther, 1859) (Small-mouth squirrelfish)
Sargocentron poco (Woods, 1965) (Saddle squirrelfish)
Sargocentron praslin (Lacépède, 1802) (Dark-striped squirrelfish)
Sargocentron punctatissimum (G. Cuvier, 1829) (Speckled squirrelfish)
Sargocentron rubrum (Forsskål, 1775) (Red-coat squirrelfish)
Sargocentron seychellense (J. L. B. Smith & M. M. Smith, 1963) (Yellow-tipped squirrelfish)
Sargocentron shimizui J. E. Randall, 1998 (Shimizu's squirrelfish)
Sargocentron spiniferum (Forsskål, 1775) (Sabre squirrelfish)
Sargocentron spinosissimum (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843) (North Pacific squirrelfish)
Sargocentron suborbitale (T. N. Gill, 1863) (Tinsel squirrelfish)
Sargocentron tiere (G. Cuvier, 1829) (Blue-lined squirrelfish)
Sargocentron tiereoides (Bleeker, 1853) (Pink squirrelfish)
Sargocentron vexillarium (Poey, 1860) (Dusky squirrelfish)
Sargocentron violaceum (Bleeker, 1853) (Violet squirrelfish)
Sargocentron wilhelmi (F. de Buen, 1963) (Wilhelm's squirrelfish)
Sargocentron xantherythrum (D. S. Jordan & Evermann, 1903) (Hawaiian squirrelfish)

References

^ Sepkoski, J.J.Jr (2002): A Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 363: 1-560.
^ ^a ^b ^c Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Sargocentron". FishBase. October 2016 version.
^ Allen, G. 1999. Marine Fishes of Tropical Australia and south-east Asia. ISBN 0-7309-8363-3
^ Debelius, H. 1993. Indian Ocean Tropical Fish Guide. ISBN 3-927991-01-5
^ Kotlyar, A.N. (2017): Holocentridae from Borodino Submarine Elevation (Philippine Sea). Journal of Ichthyology, 57 (1): 37–44.

Taxon identifiers
Sargocentron	Wikidata: Q135715 Wikispecies: Sargocentron ADW: Sargocentron AFD: Sargocentron BOLD: 3833 CoL: 7CJL GBIF: 2356717 iNaturalist: 49630 IRMNG: 1059289 ITIS: 166257 NCBI: 47707 Open Tree of Life: 63606 Paleobiology Database: 35816 WoRMS: 125704

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