Two-tone (music genre)

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Two-tone (music genre) - Wikipedia

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(Redirected from Second wave ska)

Two-tone
Other names	2 tone ska-rock ska revival
Stylistic origins	Ska rocksteady reggae punk rock new wave^[1]
Cultural origins	Late 1970s, Coventry, England
Derivative forms	Ska punk new tone^[2]
Other topics
2 Tone Records reggae rock

Two-tone or 2 tone, also known as ska-rock^{[citation needed]} and ska revival,^[1] is a genre of British popular music of the late 1970s and early 1980s that fused traditional Jamaican ska, rocksteady, and reggae music with elements of punk rock and new wave music.^[1] Its name derives from 2 Tone Records, a record label founded in 1979 by Jerry Dammers of the Specials,^[3] and references a desire to transcend and defuse racial tensions in Thatcher-era Britain: many two-tone groups, such as the Specials, the Selecter and the Beat, featured a mix of black, white, and multiracial people.

Originating in Coventry in the West Midlands of England in the late 1970s, it was part of the second wave of ska music. It followed on from the first ska music that developed in Jamaica in the 1950s and 1960s, infused with punk and new wave textures.

Although two-tone's mainstream commercial appeal was largely limited to the UK, it influenced the ska punk movement that developed in the US in the late 1980s and 1990s.^[4]^[5]

History

The two-tone sound originated among young musicians in Coventry in the West Midlands of England, who grew up listening to 1960s Jamaican music.^[6] They combined influences from ska, reggae and rocksteady with elements of punk rock and new wave. Bands considered part of the genre include the Specials, the Selecter, Madness, the Beat, Bad Manners, the Bodysnatchers and Akrylykz.

The Specials' keyboard player Jerry Dammers coined the term "two-tone". Dammers, with the assistance of Horace Panter and graphic designer John "Teflon" Sims, developed the iconic Walt Jabsco logo (a man in a black suit, white shirt, black tie, pork pie hat, white socks and black loafers) to represent the two-tone genre. The logo, based on an early album-cover photo of Peter Tosh, included an added black-and-white check pattern.^[7]^[8]^[9]

Most of the bands considered to be part of the two-tone genre were signed to 2 Tone Records (operative 1979–1985) at some point. Other record labels associated with the two-tone sound were Stiff Records and Go Feet Records. The music was especially popular among skinheads, rudies and mod revivalists.^{[citation needed]}

Museum

On 1 October 2010, the 2-Tone Central museum, cafe and venue opened in the Coventry University Students' Union building, and by August 2011 it had moved to the 2-Tone Village in Stoke, Coventry.^[10] It includes exhibition space and the Coventry Music Wall of Fame.^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Ska Revival". AllMusic.
^ "Mighty Mighty Bosstones' Joe Gittleman thrives on new LP with ska newcomers". GoldmineMag.com. 26 May 2023. Retrieved 20 June 2023.
^ Woodstra, Chris. "The Specials". AllMusic.
^ Selvin, Joel (23 March 2008). "A brief history of ska". San Francisco Chronicle.
^ "Third Wave Ska Revival". AllMusic.
^ "Jerry Dammers interview by Alexis Petrides", Mojo, Jan 2002. Accessed on 2-tone.info 18 October 2007
^ Panter, Horace (2007). Ska'd for Life. Sidgwick & Jackson.
^ Staple, Neville (2009). Original Rude Boy. Aurum Press. ISBN 9781845134808.
^ "British ska legends The Specials". TheSpecials2.com. Archived from the original on 22 March 2019. Retrieved 28 June 2014.
^ "[Homepage]". 2ToneCentral.co.uk. Coventry: 2-Tone Central: The 2-Tone Museum, Cafe and Venue. Archived from the original on 30 June 2014. Retrieved 28 June 2014.
^ Chambers, Pete (20 October 2011). "Music Legends Honoured on Coventry's Wall of Fame". Coventry Evening Telegraph. Archived from the original on 4 August 2013. Retrieved 23 December 2011.
^ Carpenter, Steve (22 November 2011). "Three more names on Coventry Music Wall of Fame". Coventry Observer. Archived from the original on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 24 November 2011.
^ Manger, Warren (6 December 2011). "Wall of Fame honours more stars who put Coventry on the music map". Coventry Evening Telegraph. Retrieved 8 December 2011.
^ Bagot, Martin (6 December 2011). "Coventry music heroes honoured in Wall of Fame". Coventry Evening Telegraph. Retrieved 8 December 2011.

External links

2 Tone Information – 2 Tone Records, collectors information

v t e Ska
Genres	Christian ska Ska jazz Ska punk Spouge Third wave ska Two-tone
Regional scenes	Australia Japan Orange County
Influences	Calypso Jazz Mento Reggae R&B Rocksteady
Record labels	Jamaican record producers Studio One Trojan Records Blue Beat Records 2 Tone Records Moon Ska Records Asian Man Records
Subcultures	Mod Rude boy Scooterboy Skinhead Trojan skinhead Suedehead
Other topics	Caribbean music in the United Kingdom Culture of Jamaica Dance hall List of Caribbean music genres List of ska musicians Man in Business Suit Levitating emoji Music of Jamaica Skank (dance) Ska stroke Sound system (Jamaican) Toasting

v t e Punk rock
Precursors	Garage rock Proto-punk
Subgenres and fusion genres	2 tone Afro-punk Anarcho-punk Crust punk Crack rock steady Crustcore D-beat Art punk Avant-punk Biker metal Christian punk Christian hardcore Cowpunk Dance-punk Dark cabaret Egg punk Emo Emo pop Emo rap Emo revival Folk punk Anti-folk Celtic punk Gypsy punk Garage punk Glam punk Hardcore punk Beatdown hardcore Crossover thrash Digital hardcore Krishnacore Melodic hardcore Metalcore Deathcore Electronicore Crunkcore Nintendocore Mathcore Melodic metalcore Progressive metalcore Queercore Riot grrrl Taqwacore Thrashcore Horror punk Latino punk Nazi punk New wave Oi! Street punk Pop-punk Skate punk Post-hardcore Emo revival Post-punk Ultra Progressive punk Psychobilly Punk blues Punk funk Punk jazz Punk metal Punk pathetique Punk rap Emo rap Reggae punk Ska punk Third wave ska Street punk Surf punk Synth-punk Visual kei
Related genres	Alternative rock Gothic rock Grebo Grunge Industrial Noise rock Scene Speed metal Thrash metal
By country	Australia Brazil Canada Estonia List of bands France Germany Greece Netherlands Spain Basque Radical Rock Sweden Könsrock Trallpunk United Kingdom Celtic punk Scottish Gaelic punk United States (California) Yugoslavia
People and groups	First wave punk musicians Second wave punk musicians List of punk bands #–K L–Z Punk filmmakers Women in punk rock
Related articles	List of punk compilation albums List of punk rock festivals Animal rights and punk subculture Conservative Punk Death of Brian Deneke DIY ethic Moshing Poseur Punk subculture Punk fashion Punk ideologies Punk visual art Punk literature Punk zine Puntala-rock Straight edge Punk films (List of punk films) Timeline of punk rock

v t e New wave and post-punk
Associated genres or scenes	Avant-funk Alternative dance Grebo Art punk Coldwave Dance-rock Dance-punk New rave Deathrock Dark wave Ethereal Wave Neoclassical Electroclash Electropunk Garage rock revival Gothic rock Indie pop Jangle pop Madchester Baggy Minimal wave Minneapolis sound Mod revival Neo-psychedelia Dream pop Shoegaze Neue Deutsche Welle New pop New Romantic New wave of new wave No wave Post-hardcore Post-punk revival Romo Sophisti-pop Synth-pop Electroclash Electropop Electropunk Freestyle 2 Tone Ultra
Lists	New wave artists Post-punk bands Synth-pop artists
Other topics	C86 CBGB Chillwave Electro New Wave Theatre Neue Deutsche Welle Neue Deutsche Härte La Movida Madrileña Little band scene Punk rock Industrial Rip It Up and Start Again Second British Invasion Sounds Synthwave Vaporwave Yugoslavian new wave

v t e Reggae
Genres	Dancehall Dancehall pop Dembow Dub Dub poetry Psydub Gospel reggae Lovers rock Nyabinghi rhythm Ragga Ragga jungle Reggae en Español Reggae fusion Alté Dancehall pop Moombahton Ragga jungle Reggae rock Reggae punk Reggaestep Reggaeton Roots reggae Samba reggae Seggae Singjay Two-tone
Characteristics	Delay Hammond organ One drop Reverb Singjay Skank Toasting (Deejay) Walking bass
People and groups	Reggae Grammy winners 1985-present Reggae musicians Reggae rock artists Reggae fusion artists Roots reggae artists Dub artists Jamaican record producers Reggae bands from the Virgin Islands
By region	Africa Kenya Mauritius Nigeria Zimbabwe Australia Japan New Zealand Pacific Philippines Poland United Kingdom
Related	List of reggae festivals Caribbean music Caribbean music in the United Kingdom Music of Jamaica Mento Rastafari Rude boy Skinhead Suedehead Dance Hall (venue) Dubplate Sound system (Jamaican) Sound system (DJ) Riddim Jamaican English Jamaican Patois Studio One Trojan Records Island Records Blue Beat
Jamaica portal

v t e Pop rock
Influences	Pop music Rock music Doo-wop
Subgenres	Emo pop Indie pop Twee pop Jangle pop Dunedin Sound Paisley Underground Pop metal Pop-punk 2 Tone Skate punk Power pop
Related styles	Beat music Beatlesque Brill Building Bubblegum Dance-rock Indie rock New Pop Post-grunge Post-punk Soft rock Vocal surf Worldbeat Yacht rock
Category:Rock music Portal:Rock music

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