Shaban Veli

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Shaban Veli

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Shaban-i Veli (Turkish: Şaban-ı Veli) also written as Sha’ban Wali (d. 976 AH/1569 AD), was an Ottoman Sufi saint from Kastamonu, and founder of the Shabaniyya branch of the Khalwatiyya order.^[1] He was trained under and was a murid (disciple) of Hayreddin Tokadi of Bolu.

Biography

[edit]

He was born in Taşköprü district of Kastamonu. An important part of the information about his life is based on the work of Ömer Fuâdî, the fifth sheikh of Şaban-ı Velî Dergah, named Menâkıb-ı Şerîf-i Pir-i Halveti Hazret-i Şa'bân-ı Veli. Ömer Fuadi does not give information about his date of birth. In recent sources, the years 902 (1497)^[2] and 905 (1499-1500)^[3] are mentioned for his birth. It is claimed that he was born in 886 AH (1481 AD) based on a record in a recent Shabani license (icâzetnâme), and it is stated that the same date is given in a series found in the Şaban-ı Velî Museum.^[4] Shaban-i Veli lost his mother and father at a young age and was adopted by a sissy (hanım evladı). After completing his primary education in Taşköprü, he studied tafsir and hadith and received his license from Hodja Veli son of Osman, buried in the Abdürrezzak Mosque Tomb in Kastamonu. Later, he went to Istanbul for his studies and stayed at one of the madrasas in Fatih district (Constantinople).^[5] Available information points to this school being the Karadeniz Bashkirsunlu Madrasa, where he studied sacred sciences such as the Qur'an, tafsir and hadith for nine years, and was appointed to the posts of sheikh and lecturer at Eyüp Mosque.^[6]^[7] This info is not included in the old sources.^[1]

Along with Ömer Fuâdî, one of the Shabani sheikhs, Ibrahim Has written a menâkıbnâme [tr] about Shaban-i Velî, which he called Tezkiretü'l-Has.^[8]^[9] The last sheikh of the Shabân-ı Veli Dergah, Mehmed Ataullah Efendi (Armay), wrote an addendum to Ömer Fuâdî's Menâkıbname. As the Halvetiyye is the most branched order, the Shabaniyya order within it is the most common order with many branches. Shabaniyya was present in a very wide geography from Anatolia, the Balkans, Iraq, Syria and the Hejaz to the interiors of India and Africa.^[1]

The Four Poles of Anatolia

[edit]

Shaban-i Veli is accepted as one of the four poles (aqtab) of Anatolia by all tariqa circles, the others being Mawlana Rumi, Haji Bektash Veli, and Haji Bayram Veli.^[1]

References

[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "ŞÂBÂN-ı VELÎ - TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi". TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi (in Turkish). Retrieved 28 April 2022.
^ Ozanoğlu, p. 6
^ Hüseyin Vassâf, III, 512
^ Çiftçi, p. 94
^ Ömer Fuâdî, p. 37
^ Çiftçi, p. 96
^ Erol, p. 507
^ Süleymaniye Lib.
^ Hacı Mahmud Efendi, nr. 4543

Sufism

Sufi orders

Qadiriyya ('Abd al-Qadir al-Gilani)
Naqshbandiyya (Baha' al-Din Naqshband)
Chishtiyya (Mu'in al-Din Chishti)
Suhrawardiyya (Shihab al-Din 'Umar al-Suhrawardi)
Rifa'iyya (Ahmad al-Rifa'i)
Badawiyya (Ahmad al-Badawi)
Desuqiyya (Ibrahim al-Desuqi)
Shadhiliyya (Abu al-Hasan al-Shadhili)
Akbariyya (Ibn Arabi)
Khalwatiyya ('Umar al-Khalwati)
Rahmaniyya (Muhammad b. 'Abd al-Rahman al-Azhari)
Bayramiyya (Bayram Wali)
Ba 'Alawiyya (Muhammad ibn 'Ali Ba 'Alawi)
Tijaniyya (Ahmad al-Tijani)
Idrisiyya (Ahmad ibn Idris al-Fasi)

Practices

Ideas

Sufi literature

Notable Sufis

2nd AH/8th AD	Al-Hasan al-Basri (d. 110 AH) Malik ibn Dinar (d. 128 AH) Ibrahim ibn Adham (d. 160 AH) Sufyan al-Thawri (d. 161 AH) Dawud al-Ta'i (d. 165 AH) 'Abd al-Wahid ibn Zaid (d. 177 AH) Rabi'a al-'Adawiyya (d. 180 AH) Ibn al-Mubarak (d. 181 AH) Al-Fudayl ibn 'Iyad (d. 188 AH) Shaqiq al-Balkhi (d. 194 AH) Ma'ruf al-Karkhi (d. 200 AH)
3rd AH/9th AD	Al-Darani (d. 205 or 215 AH) Bishr al-Hafi (d. 227 AH) Al-Harith al-Muhasibi (d. 243 AH) Dhul-Nun al-Misri (d. 245 AH) Sari al-Saqati (d. 253 AH) Yahya ibn Mu'adh al-Razi (d. 258 AH) Abu Sa'id al-Kharraz (d. 277 or 286 AH) Sahl al-Tustari (d. 283 AH) Al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi (d. 295 or 320 AH) Abu al-Husain al-Nuri (d. 295 AH)
4th AH/10th AD	Ruwaym (d. 303 AH) Abu Bakr al-Shibli (d. 334 AH) Abu Talib al-Makki (d. 386 AH) Abu Bakr al-Kalabadhi (d. 380 AH)
Sufi leaders	Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi (d. 589 AH) Muzaffar al-Din Gökböri (d. 630 AH) Yusuf Abu al-Haggag (d. 642 AH) Muhammad al-Fateh (d. 886 AH) Aurangzeb (d. 1118 AH) Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi (d. 1277 AH) Bahadur Shah Zafar (d. 1278 AH) Imam Shamil (d. 1287 AH) Emir Abdel-Kader (d. 1300 AH) Muhammad Ahmad (d. 1302/1885) Omar al-Mukhtar (d. 1350 AH) 'Izz al-Din al-Qassam (d. 1354 AH)

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