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Solandra

Solandra maxima
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Solanales
Family:	Solanaceae
Subfamily:	Solanoideae
Tribe:	Solandreae
Genus:	Solandra Sw.
Species
See text.
Synonyms
Swartsia J.F.Gmel.

Solandra /soʊˈlændrə/^[1] is a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family, Solanaceae. It is named after the Swedish naturalist Daniel C. Solander.^[2]

The vines it contains are commonly known as chalice vines and are native to the Caribbean, Mexico and South America. They have very large flowers and glossy foliage. Also called Cup of Gold.

Solandra grandiflora was once (and likely still is) used by the Huichol of Mexico and other tribes of the region where it is known by the name "kieli" or "kieri" with some archaeological evidence supporting the theory that its use as a hallucinogen predates that of peyote (Lophophora williamsii). A tea from the branches and more so from the roots and fruits is used as an inebriant in native traditions. The alkaloids present include atropine, noratropine, hyoscyamine, and tropine with about 0.15% overall content in the leaves.^[3]^[4]

In all ten species are recognized:^[3]

Selected species

Image	Scientific name	Distribution
	Solandra grandiflora Sw.	Tropical America
	Solandra longiflora Tussac	Venezuela, Ecuador, Suriname
	Solandra maxima (Sessé & Moc.) P.S.Green – Golden chalice vine, Cup of Gold, Hawaiian lily	Mexico and Central America

References

^ Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
^ Genaust, Helmut (1976). Etymologisches Wörterbuch der botanischen Pflanzennamen ISBN 3-7643-0755-2
^ ^a ^b Bernardello, Luis M.; Hunziker, Armando T. (1987-12-01). "A synoptical revision of Solandra (Solanaceae)". Nordic Journal of Botany. 7 (6): 639–652. doi:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1987.tb02032.x. ISSN 1756-1051.
^ "Solandra grandiflora - Chalice Vine". Entheology.

External links

Media related to Solandra at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Solandra at Wikispecies

Taxon identifiers

Solandra

Wikidata: Q136929
Wikispecies: Solandra
APDB: 194951
APNI: 172125
BOLD: 317755
CoL: 7JD7
EoL: 72490
EPPO: 1SDRG
FNA: 130611
FoAO2: Solandra
GBIF: 2928987
GRIN: 11262
iNaturalist: 124353
IPNI: 329808-2
ISC: 111812
ITIS: 30646
NCBI: 24680
NZOR: 1c959c1f-e2eb-4ee5-aa8e-1a636c896249
Open Tree of Life: 342804
PLANTS: SOLAN2
POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329807-2
Tropicos: 40001640
WFO: wfo-4000035679

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