Song Ping | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
宋平 | |||||||||
.jpg) Song in 1949 | |||||||||
| Head of the Organization Department of the Chinese Communist Party | |||||||||
| In office June 1987 – December 1989 | |||||||||
| General Secretary | Zhao Ziyang Jiang Zemin | ||||||||
| Preceded by | Wei Jianxing | ||||||||
| Succeeded by | Lu Feng | ||||||||
| State Councilor of China | |||||||||
| In office June 1983 – April 1988 | |||||||||
| Premier | Zhao Ziyang | ||||||||
| Chairman of the State Planning Commission | |||||||||
| In office June 1983 – June 1987 | |||||||||
| Premier | Zhao Ziyang | ||||||||
| Preceded by | Yao Yilin | ||||||||
| Succeeded by | Yao Yilin | ||||||||
| Party Secretary of Gansu | |||||||||
| In office June 1977 – January 1981 | |||||||||
| Deputy | Feng Jixin (Governor) | ||||||||
| Preceded by | Xian Henghan | ||||||||
| Succeeded by | Feng Jixin | ||||||||
| Governor of Gansu | |||||||||
| In office June 1977 – December 1979 | |||||||||
| Preceded by | Xian Henghan | ||||||||
| Succeeded by | Feng Jixin | ||||||||
| Personal details | |||||||||
| Born | Song Yanping (宋延平) 24 April 1917 Ju County, Shandong, Republic of China | ||||||||
| Died | 4 March 2026 (aged 108) Beijing, China | ||||||||
| Party | Chinese Communist Party (1937–2026) | ||||||||
| Spouse | |||||||||
| Children | Song Yichang (son) Song Yichun (son) | ||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||
| Chinese | 宋平 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Song Ping (Chinese: 宋平; 24 April 1917 – 4 March 2026) was a Chinese Communist revolutionary and politician who served in multiple high-ranking positions in the Chinese government throughout his lifetime. He was a member of the Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. Song was considered the last living member of the Second Generation of Chinese Leadership until his death at the age of 108 in 2026.[1]
Life and career
Early life and education
Song was born on 24 April 1917,[2] into a peasant family in Daluozhuang Village, Zhaoxian Town, Ju County, Shandong Province. Song entered school at the age of nine and advanced rapidly, skipping grades and completing both primary and secondary education in a short period of time. His elder brother once won a prize of 300 silver dollars in a lottery organized by the Universal Postal Union, and gave the entire sum to Song Ping to support his studies in Beiping (now Beijing).[3][4]
In 1934, Song Ping enrolled in the College of Agriculture at Peking University. In 1935, he was admitted to the Department of Chemistry at Tsinghua University. During his time at Tsinghua, he participated in the December 9th Movement, an anti-Japanese student movement initiated by the Chinese Communist Party, and in 1936 joined the CCP-led patriotic student organization known as the Chinese National Liberation Vanguard.[5][6]
Revolutionary career
In 1937, following the outbreak of the full-scale War of Resistance against Japan triggered by the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, Song Ping transferred from Tsinghua University to the National Southwest Associated University. In December of the same year, he joined the Chinese Communist Party.[7]
In 1938, Song Ping entered the second class of the Yan'an Marxism–Leninism Institute. During his studies, he attended lectures by Mao Zedong, including presentations on On New Democracy and other CCP policy-related topics. After graduating, he remained at the institute, serving successively as an officer in the Education Department, head of the Organization Section, director of the Education Department, and researcher at the Central Party Affairs Research Office. In 1941, he was transferred to serve as assistant secretary in the Publicity Department of the CCP Southern Bureau.[8] Thereafter, he held a series of positions at the Chongqing office of Xinhua Daily, including director of the reference section, chief editorial secretary, and secretary-general, eventually becoming head of the Chongqing General Bureau of the Xinhua News Agency.[9]
After the victory in the War of Resistance against Japan, Song Ping traveled with Xinhua News Agency to Nanjing, serving as head of its Nanjing General Bureau.[10] During the negotiations between the Chinese Communist Party and the Kuomintang, he acted as political secretary to Zhou Enlai.[11] Following the breakdown of the talks, he was reassigned to CCP-controlled areas, where he worked on the Northeast Daily in Harbin and participated in founding the Harbin Daily. He later served as deputy secretary of the Guxiang District Committee of the CCP Harbin Municipal Committee.[12]
Early years of the People's Republic
On 2 November 1948, after the People's Liberation Army captured Shenyang, Song Ping entered the city with the troops to participate in takeover operations. The Shenyang Municipal Working Committee established a Party newspaper committee composed of Song Li, Li Du, Liu Yaxiong, Song Ping, Zhu Weiren, Yu Beichen, Chen Ruiguang, Zhang Chengmin, Chen Shunyao, Xue Guangjun, and Ye Ke, with Song Li serving as secretary and Li Du as deputy secretary.[13]
On 20 December 1948, the municipal working committee's official newspaper and trade union paper, Workers' Daily, was launched as a four-page broadsheet. Li Du served as president, Ye Ke as vice president, Chen Shunyao as editor-in-chief, and Song Ping—then a standing committee member of the Northeast Federation of Trade Unions and deputy head of its Publicity Department—served concurrently as acting editor-in-chief.[14]
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Song Ping served as director of the Cultural and Educational Department of the Northeast Federation of Trade Unions, secretary-general, and vice chairman of the federation. In 1952, he was transferred to central government work, successively serving as director of the Labor and Wages Bureau of the State Planning Commission, member of the State Planning Commission, vice minister of the Ministry of Labor, and deputy director of the State Planning Commission.[15]
In 1960, Song Ping was appointed a member of the CCP Northwest Bureau and concurrently director of the Northwest Bureau Planning Commission, beginning long-term work in northwest China. In September 1963, he became deputy director of the "Northwest Third Front Construction Committee".[16]
During the Cultural Revolution
After the outbreak of the Cultural Revolution, Song Ping was marginalized for a period. Later, as Shaanxi Province sought to restore and expand production, a "Production Command Headquarters" was established, and Song Ping was appointed as an adviser.[17]
In 1972, he became secretary of the CCP Gansu Provincial Committee (at the time, the position of first secretary existed) and vice chairman of the Provincial Revolutionary Committee. In June 1977, he was promoted to first secretary of the CCP Gansu Provincial Committee and chairman of the Provincial Revolutionary Committee, concurrently serving as second political commissar of the Lanzhou Military Region.[18]
Following the publication of the article "Practice is the Sole Criterion for Testing Truth," Song Ping took the lead within the CCP Gansu Provincial Committee in convening two symposiums to study and discuss the issue of the "criterion of truth". These meetings constituted China's first provincial-level discussions on the truth criterion.[19]
Reform and opening-up
In 1981, Song Ping returned to central government work, serving as vice chairman and deputy Party group secretary of the State Planning Commission. In June 1983, under Premier Zhao Ziyang's State Council, he was appointed State Councilor and concurrently chairman of the State Planning Commission.[20] Prior to the convening of the 13th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party in 1987, Song left the Planning Commission to replace Wei Jianxing as head of the CCP Central Organization Department.[21] At the First Plenary Session of the 13th Central Committee, he was elected a member of the CCP Politburo.[22]
After the suppression of the 1989 political turmoil, major leadership adjustments were made at the top of the CCP. Politburo Standing Committee members Zhao Ziyang and Hu Qili were removed from office. At the Fourth Plenary Session of the 13th Central Committee, the 72-year-old Song Ping was elected to the CCP Politburo Standing Committee, together with Jiang Zemin and Li Ruihuan, ranking fifth and entering the highest echelon of leadership.[23][24]
On 19 October 1992, following the First Plenary Session of the 14th Central Committee, Song Ping retired from his position as a member of the Politburo Standing Committee at the age of 75.[25][26]
Retirement and death
On 12 June 2014, at the age of 97, Song Ping attended a charitable event in Beijing. On 3 September 2015, he attended the military parade commemorating the 70th anniversary of the victory in the World Anti-Fascist War. In August 2016, Song Ping attended the Beidaihe meeting together with other retired Party and state leaders, including Hu Jintao.[27]
Song turned 100 on 24 April 2017.[28] In October 2017, Song Ping attended both the opening and closing ceremonies of the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. On 30 September 2019, he attended a reception celebrating the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China on 1 October, he attended the anniversary ceremony and mass celebrations. On 1 July 2021, Song Ping attended the ceremony marking the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Communist Party.[29] In 2022, he attended the 20th Party Congress at age 105.[30]
Song died in Beijing on 4 March 2026, at the age of 108.[31][32]
References
- ^ ""中国政坛最大伯乐"中共原政治局常委宋平逝世". 联合早报 (in Chinese). 4 March 2026. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ 周树兴; 李晓平 (1995). 「说道」山东人. 中国社会出版社. ISBN 9787800887031. Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
宋平，1917年4月24日出生于山东省莒县。
- ^ 叶永烈 (2007). 出没風波里 (in Chinese). 北京十月文艺出版社. p. 77. ISBN 978-7-5302-0884-7. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
- ^ 叶永烈 (2008). 邓小平改变中国: 1978 : 中国命运大转折 (in Chinese). 江西人民出版社. p. 310. ISBN 978-7-210-03829-0. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
- ^ 国家行政学院 (2000). 中华人民共和国政府机构五十年, 1949–1999 (in Chinese). 党建读物出版社. p. 246. ISBN 978-7-80098-406-8. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
- ^ 共和国焦点论争: 政治卷 (in Chinese). 台海出版社. 1999. p. 505. ISBN 978-7-80141-113-6. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
- ^ 中国共产党历史大辞典: 总论.人物 (in Chinese). 中共中央党校出版社. 1991. p. 324. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
- ^ 中国百科年鉴 (in Chinese). 中国大百科全书出版社. 1983. p. 12. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ 中国概况 (in Chinese). 知识出版社. 1981. p. 134. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ 共和国焦点论争: 政治卷 (in Chinese). 台海出版社. 1999. p. 505. ISBN 978-7-80141-113-6. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ 国家行政学院 (2000). 中华人民共和国政府机构五十年, 1949–1999 (in Chinese). 党建读物出版社. p. 246. ISBN 978-7-80098-406-8. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ 战斗在北大的共产党人: 1920.10—1949.2 北大地下党槪况 (in Chinese). 北京大学出版社. 1991. p. 148. ISBN 978-7-301-01457-8. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ 廖盖隆; 罗竹风; 范源 (1990). 中囯人名大辞典 (in Chinese). 上海辞书出版社. p. 181. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ 国家行政学院 (2000). 中华人民共和国政府机构五十年, 1949–1999 (in Chinese). 党建读物出版社. p. 246. ISBN 978-7-80098-406-8. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ 邓小平大辞典 (in Chinese). 紅旗出版社. 1994. p. 169. ISBN 978-7-80068-553-8. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ 叶永烈 (2008). 邓小平改变中国: 1978 : 中国命运大转折 (in Chinese). 江西人民出版社. p. 311. ISBN 978-7-210-03829-0. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ 共和国焦点论争: 政治卷 (in Chinese). 台海出版社. 1999. p. 506. ISBN 978-7-80141-113-6. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ 党史博览 (in Chinese). 《党史博览》 编辑部. 2002. p. 48. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ 李安增; 王立胜 (2004). 1976–1982年中国当代史 (in Chinese). 新华出版社. p. 166. ISBN 978-7-5011-6496-7. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ 全国人大及其常委会大事记, 1954年-1987年 (in Chinese). 法律出版社. 1987. p. 357. ISBN 978-7-5036-0257-3. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ Thomson, Robert (24 June 1987). "Beijing shuffle points to growing Cabinet intrigues". The Sydney Morning Herald. p. 18. Retrieved 28 March 2010.
- ^ 王霄鹏 (1993). 我眼中的中国领导人 (in Chinese). 辽宁大学出版社. p. 59. ISBN 978-7-5610-1958-0. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ 中华人民共和国大事记, 1989–1994 (in Chinese). 科学技术文献出版社. 1995. p. 7. ISBN 978-7-5023-2444-5. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ 中国小百科全书: 人类历史 (in Chinese). 团结出版社. 1994. p. 420. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ Kristof, Nicholas D. (20 October 1992). "CHINESE SHAKE UP TOP PARTY GROUP; FREE MARKET GAINS". New York Times. Retrieved 28 March 2010.
- ^ 中国共产党名人录 (in Chinese). 四川人民出版社. 1997. p. 805. ISBN 978-7-220-02762-8. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ "中共百年｜104歲宋平出席黨慶大會 曾為習近平站台力挺反腐改革". 香港01 (in Chinese). 2 July 2021. Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ Song, Chundan (24 April 2017). "中共元老宋平百岁诞辰：目前党内资格最老、退休最久常委". Tsinghua. Retrieved 30 September 2022.
- ^ "庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年大会在京隆重举行 天安门广场举行盛大阅兵仪式和群众游行 习近平发表重要讲话并检阅受阅部队_中国人大网". 中国人大网 (in Chinese). Retrieved 5 March 2026.
- ^ Cheong, Danson (16 October 2022). "Party elders attend CPC congress opening; former president Jiang Zemin absent". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 2 November 2022.
- ^ "Song Ping, veteran Chinese Communist whose career spanned decades, dies aged 108". South China Morning Post. 4 March 2026. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
- ^ "宋平同志逝世-新华网". 新华网_让新闻离你更近 (in Chinese). 4 March 2026. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
- 1917 births
- 2026 deaths
- Chinese Communist Party politicians from Shandong
- Chinese men centenarians
- Governors of Gansu
- Heads of the Organization Department of the Chinese Communist Party
- Members of the 13th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
- Politicians from Rizhao
- State councillors of China
- Tsinghua University alumni
- Xinhua Daily people
- Xinhua News Agency people
