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Starry weever

Starry weever in Kato Koufonisi, Greece
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)^[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Perciformes
Family:	Trachinidae
Genus:	Trachinus
Species:	T. radiatus
Binomial name
*Trachinus radiatus* Cuvier, 1829
Synonyms
Pseudotrachinus pardalis Bleeker, 1861 Pseudotrachinus radiatus (Cuvier, 1829) Trachinus pardalis (Bleeker, 1861) Trachinus vainus Rafinesque, 1810

The starry weever,^[2] or streaked weever^[3] (Trachinus radiatus) is a fish of the family Trachinidae widespread in the eastern Atlantic from Gibraltar to the Gulf of Guinea, and probably further south; it is also known from the Mediterranean Sea. A marine subtropical fish, it grows up to 50 cm (20 in) in length.^[4]

Description

The starry weever is moderately laterally compressed. The eyes are small, the snout is short and blunt, and the operculum bears a robust venomous spine. Five fan-shaped groups of bony ridges are on the top of the head just behind the eye. The dorsal fin is in two parts, the anterior portion has six or seven spines and the posterior portion has no spines, but 24 to 29 soft rays. The anal fin has two spines and 25 to 29 soft rays. This fish can grow to a maximum length around 50 cm (20 in), but a more common length is 25 cm (10 in). The dorsal colouring is generally whitish, yellowish, or grey, sometimes with some violet or pinkish shades on the head and neck. Numerous brownish or blackish speckles are on the back and sides, some, especially on the flanks near the lateral line, forming ring shapes.^[2]^[3]

Behaviour

Like other members of the weever family, the starry weever lives on the seabed, burying itself in the sediment so that only its eyes and the anterior dorsal fin are above the surface. Poison glands are located at the base of this fin and on the spine on the gill cover. This fish is an ambush predator, remaining stationary in the sand ready to grab any passing prey of suitable size with its wide, upward-pointing mouth.^[5] Its diet consists largely of shrimp and other crustaceans, and small fish.^[2]

References

^ Carpenter, K.E.; Smith-Vaniz, W.F.; de Bruyne, G. & de Morais, L. (2015). "Trachinus radiatus". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T198720A42691969. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T198720A42691969.en.
^ ^a ^b ^c The living marine resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic. Volume 4: Bony fishes part 2 (Perciformes). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2018. p. 2779. ISBN 978-92-5-109267-5.
^ ^a ^b Šoljan, Tonko (1963). Fishes of the Adriatic: (Ribe Jadrana). NOLIT Publishing House. pp. 236–237.
^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Trachinus radiatus". FishBase. February 2018 version.
^ Dehaan, Avi; Ben-Meir, Patrick; Sagi, Amiram (1991). "A "Scorpion Fish" (Trachinus vipera) Sting: Fishermen's Hazard". British Journal of Industrial Medicine. 48 (10): 718–720. doi:10.1136/oem.48.10.718. JSTOR 27727334. PMC 1012067. PMID 1931733.

Taxon identifiers
Trachinus radiatus	Wikidata: Q1265618 Wikispecies: Trachinus radiatus ADW: Trachinus_radiatus BOLD: 86832 CoL: 7CLF2 FishBase: 5037 GBIF: 2386474 iNaturalist: 120699 IRMNG: 10706041 ITIS: 170994 IUCN: 198720 NCBI: 349662 OBIS: 127083 Open Tree of Life: 674570 Plazi: EAB07E59-E562-20A8-5297-9901B04F439E WoRMS: 127083 ZooBank: B9D6A69E-192A-4256-BCE6-0EA7FE4029E8

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