Synodontis dorsomaculatus

Technopedia Center

Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science
S1 Informatics S1 Information Systems S1 Information Technology S1 Computer Engineering S1 Electrical Engineering S1 Civil Engineering

faculty of Economics and Business
S1 Management S1 Accountancy

Faculty of Letters and Educational Sciences
S1 English literature S1 English language education S1 Mathematics education S1 Sports Education

Synodontis dorsomaculatus - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Synodontis dorsomaculatus
Conservation status
Endangered (IUCN 3.1)^[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Siluriformes
Family:	Mochokidae
Genus:	Synodontis
Species:	S. dorsomaculatus
Binomial name
*Synodontis dorsomaculatus* Poll, 1971

Synodontis dorsomaculatus is a species of upside-down catfish that is endemic to the Democratic Republic of the Congo where it occurs in the Lukusi and upper Lualaba Rivers and the Upemba lakes.^[2] It was first described by Max Poll in 1971. The original specimens were obtained in Kadia, Kisale, Katanga, in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo.^[3] The species name dorsomaculatus is derived from the word dorso, meaning "back", and the word maculatus, meaning "spotted", a reference to the dark round spots on the fish's back.^[4]

Description

Like all members of the genus Synodontis, S. dorsomaculatus has a strong, bony head capsule that extends back as far as the first spine of the dorsal fin.^[5] The head contains a distinct narrow, bony, external protrusion called a humeral process.^[3] The fish has three pairs of barbels. The maxillary barbels are on located on the upper jaw, and two pairs of mandibular barbels are on the lower jaw.^[6] The adipose fin is large and the tail, or caudal fin, is forked.^[3]

The front edges of the dorsal fins and the pectoral fins are hardened into stiff spines. These spines can be raised into position at right angles to the body and locked into position for defensive purposes.^[7]^[8] The ability to lock the spines into place comes from several small bones attached to the spine, and once raised, the spines cannot be folded down by exerting pressure on the tip.^[8]

The fish has a structure called a premaxillary toothpad, which is located on the very front of the upper jaw of the mouth. This structure contains several rows of short, chisel-shaped teeth. On the lower jaw, or mandible, the teeth are attached to flexible, stalk-like structures and described as "s-shaped" or "hooked".^[3]^[5]

The maximum total length of the species is 13.7 centimeters (5.4 in).^[2] Generally, females in the genus Synodontis tend to be slightly larger than males of the same age.^[9]

Habitat and behavior

In the wild, the species occurs in the upper Lualaba River system.^[1] It is harvested for human consumption.^[1] The species is listed as endangered due to threats from overfishing and pollution resulting from mining and fishing using toxic plants.^[1] As a whole, species of Synodontis are omnivores, consuming insect larvae, algae, gastropods, bivalves, sponges, crustaceans, and the eggs of other fishes.^[10] The reproductive habits of most of the species of Synodontis are not known, beyond some instances of obtaining egg counts from gravid females.^[10] Spawning likely occurs during the flooding season between July and October, and pairs swim in unison during spawning.^[11] The growth rate is rapid in the first year, then slows down as the fish age.^[9]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Moelants, T. (2010). "Synodontis dorsomaculatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T181830A7745029. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T181830A7745029.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
^ ^a ^b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Synodontis dorsomaculatus". FishBase. June 2016 version.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Synodontis dorsomaculatus Poll, 1971". Planet Catfish. 23 Jun 2013. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
^ Scharpf, Christopher & Kenneth Lazara (12 Sep 2016). "Order SILURIFORMES: Families MALAPTERURIDAE, MOCHOKIDAE, SCHILBEIDAE, AUCHENOGLANIDIDAE, CLAROTEIDAE and LACANTUNIIDAE". The ETYFish Project. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
^ ^a ^b Cuvier, Georges (1934). The Animal Kingdom Arranged in Conformity with its Organization, Volume 10. Translated by Griffith, Edward. London: Whittaker and Co. p. 406.
^ Boulenger, George Albert (1909). Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British museum (Natural history). London: British Museum. p. 391.
^ Nelson, Joseph; T. Grande & M. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (Fifth ed.). John Wiley and Sons. p. 227.
^ ^a ^b Scherge, M.; S. Gorb & S. Gorb. Biological Micro- and Nanotribology. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 97–98.
^ ^a ^b H. M. Bishai & Y. B. Abu Gideiri (1965). "Studies on the biology of genus Synodontis at Khartoum". Hydrobiologia. 26 (1–2): 85–97. doi:10.1007/BF00142257.
^ ^a ^b Wright, J.J. & L.M. Page (2006). "Taxonomic Revision of Lake Tanganyikan Synodontis (Siluriformes: Mochokidae)". Florida Mus. Nat. Hist. Bull. 46 (4): 99–154.
^ John P. Friel & Thomas R. Vigliotta (March 2, 2009). "Mochokidae Jordan 1923: African squeaker and suckermouth catfishes". Tree of Life Web Project. Retrieved 19 October 2016.

External links

Data related to Synodontis dorsomaculatus at Wikispecies

Taxon identifiers
Synodontis dorsomaculatus	Wikidata: Q5479796 Wikispecies: Synodontis dorsomaculatus CoL: 53XM2 FishBase: 9557 GBIF: 2344500 iNaturalist: 188507 IRMNG: 11211117 ITIS: 681605 IUCN: 181830 NCBI: 1676941 Open Tree of Life: 3623136 WoRMS: 1013145 ZooBank: 3FECB8D7-C5C4-4D72-9F22-C24E4AC3FF79

Categories:

Hidden categories: