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Taixuanjing - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Taixuanjing

Chinese name

Traditional Chinese

太玄經

Simplified Chinese

太玄经

Hanyu Pinyin

Tàixuánjīng

Literal meaning

"Classic of Supreme Mystery"

Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Tàixuánjīng
Wade–Giles	Tʻai⁴ hsüan² ching¹
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutping	Taai³ jyun⁴ ging¹

Korean name

Hangul

태현경

Transcriptions
Revised Romanization	taehyeon-gyeong

Japanese name

Hiragana

たいげんきょう

Kyūjitai

太玄經

Shinjitai

太玄経

The Taixuanjing is a divination guide composed by the Confucian writer Yang Xiong (53 BCE – 18 CE) in the decade prior to the fall of the Western Han dynasty. The first draft of this work was completed in 2 BCE; during the Jin dynasty, an otherwise unknown person named Fan Wang (范望) salvaged the text and wrote a commentary on it, from which our text survives today.

Content

The Taixuanjing is a divinatory text similar to, and inspired by, the I Ching. The I Ching is based on 64 binary hexagrams—characters composed of six horizontal lines, with each line either broken or unbroken. Meanwhile, the Taixuanjing is based on 81 ternary tetragrams—characters composed of four lines, with each line either unbroken, broken once, or broken twice. Like the I Ching, it may be consulted as an oracle by casting yarrow stalks or a six-faced die to generate numbers which define the lines of the tetragram, which is then looked up in the text.^{[further explanation needed]} A tetragram drawn without moving lines refers to the tetragram description, while a tetragram drawn with moving lines refers to the specific lines.

The monograms are:

the unbroken line ( ⚊) for heaven (天; tiān),
once broken line ( ⚋) for earth (地; dì),
twice broken line ( 𝌀) for man (人; rén).

Numerically the symbols can be counted as ⚊ = 0, ⚋ = 1, 𝌀 = 2, and grouped into sets of four to count from 0 to 80. This is clearly intentional as this passage from chapter 8 of the Taixuanjing points out the principle of carrying and place value.

Chinese	English
推玄筭：家一置一，二置二，三置三。部一勿增，二增三，三增六。州一勿增，二增九，三增十八。方一勿增，二增二十七，三增五十四	Push Profound Calculation: First Part: one sets one, two sets two, three sets three. Second Part: one doesn't add, two adds three, three adds six. Third Part: one doesn't add, two adds nine, three adds eighteen. Fourth Part: one doesn't add, two adds twenty-seven, three adds fifty-four.

Translation

An English translation by Michael Nylan was published in 1993.

Nylan, Michael (1993). The Canon of Supreme Mystery: A Translation with Commentary of the T'AI HSÜAN CHING. SUNY series in Chinese philosophy and culture. Albany: State University of New York Press. ISBN 0-7914-1395-0.

Unicode

Tai Xuan Jing Symbols
Range	U+1D300..U+1D35F (96 code points)
Plane	SMP
Scripts	Common
Symbol sets	Tai Xuan Jing
Assigned	87 code points
Unused	9 reserved code points
Unicode version history

4.0 (2003)	87 (+87)

Unicode documentation
Code chart ∣ Web page
Note: ^[1]^[2]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tai Xuan Jing Symbols.

In the Unicode Standard, the Tai Xuan Jing Symbols block is an extension of the I Ching symbols. Their Chinese aliases most accurately reflect their interpretation; for example, the Chinese alias of code point U+1D300 is "rén", which translates into English as man and yet the English alias is "MONOGRAM FOR EARTH".^[1]

Block

Tai Xuan Jing Symbols^[1]^[2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	A	B	C	D	E	F
U+1D30x	𝌀	𝌁	𝌂	𝌃	𝌄	𝌅	𝌆	𝌇	𝌈	𝌉	𝌊	𝌋	𝌌	𝌍	𝌎	𝌏
U+1D31x	𝌐	𝌑	𝌒	𝌓	𝌔	𝌕	𝌖	𝌗	𝌘	𝌙	𝌚	𝌛	𝌜	𝌝	𝌞	𝌟
U+1D32x	𝌠	𝌡	𝌢	𝌣	𝌤	𝌥	𝌦	𝌧	𝌨	𝌩	𝌪	𝌫	𝌬	𝌭	𝌮	𝌯
U+1D33x	𝌰	𝌱	𝌲	𝌳	𝌴	𝌵	𝌶	𝌷	𝌸	𝌹	𝌺	𝌻	𝌼	𝌽	𝌾	𝌿
U+1D34x	𝍀	𝍁	𝍂	𝍃	𝍄	𝍅	𝍆	𝍇	𝍈	𝍉	𝍊	𝍋	𝍌	𝍍	𝍎	𝍏
U+1D35x	𝍐	𝍑	𝍒	𝍓	𝍔	𝍕	𝍖
Notes 1.^ As of Unicode version 16.0 2.^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points

History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Tai Xuan Jing Symbols block:

Version	Final code points^[a]	Count	L2 ID	WG2 ID	Document
4.0	U+1D300..1D356	87	L2/02-089	N2416	Cook, Richard; Everson, Michael; Nylan, Michael (2002-02-11), Proposal to add monogram, digram, and tetragram characters to the UCS
			L2/02-166R2		Moore, Lisa (2002-08-09), "Consensus 91-C4", UTC #91 Minutes, UTC accepts the 87 tetragram and related characters for encoding at 1D300..1D356.
			L2/05-267	N2998	Proposed annotations for Annex P -- reference N2988, 2005-09-15
			L2/05-260	N2988 (pdf, doc)	Kawabata, Taichi (2005-09-21), Proposal to correct the Character Names for Tai Xuan Jing (U+13D00 ~ U+13D05)
			L2/05-281	N2998R	Proposed annotations for Annex P -- reference N2988, 2005-09-28
				N2953 (pdf, doc)	Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2006-02-16), "M47.15 (Defect in names of Tai Xuan Jing symbols)", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 47, Sophia Antipolis, France; 2005-09-12/15
			L2/06-088		"11.4", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 47, 2006-02-22
^ Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names

References

^ ^a ^b "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
^ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.

External links

Wikisource has original text related to this article:

Tai Xuan Jing

The dictionary definition of Taixuanjing at Wiktionary
《太玄經》 - Full text in Chinese
Canon of Supreme Mystery 《太玄經》 Chinese text with matching English vocabulary

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