Template:P-T extinction graphical timeline

Lifestyle Khazanah Profil Baru Dram Lists Ensiklopedia

Technopedia Center

Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science
S1 Informatics S1 Information Systems S1 Information Technology S1 Computer Engineering S1 Electrical Engineering S1 Civil Engineering

faculty of Economics and Business
S1 Management S1 Accountancy

Faculty of Letters and Educational Sciences
S1 English literature S1 English language education S1 Mathematics education S1 Sports Education

Template:P-T extinction graphical timeline - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Timeline of recovery

−262 —

–

−260 —

–

−258 —

–

−256 —

–

−254 —

–

−252 —

–

−250 —

–

−248 —

–

−246 —

–

−244 —

–

−242 —

–

−240 —

–

−238 —

G
u
a
d
a
l
.

L
o
p
i
n
g
i
a
n

E
a
r
l
y

M
i
d
d
l
e

←

Extinction event

←

δ

¹³C stabilises at +2 ‰. Calcified green algae return.^[3]

←

Full recovery of woody trees^[4]

←

Corals return^[5]

←

Scleractinian
corals & calcified sponges return^[3]

←

First complex marine ecosystems (Guiyang and Paris biota)^[1]^[2]

←

End Capitanian extinction

M
e
s
o
z
o
i
c

P
a
l
e
o
z
o
i
c

P
e
r
m
i
a
n

T
r
i
a
s
s
i
c

An approximate timeline of recovery after the Permian–Triassic extinction
(Axis scale: millions of years ago)

PreꞒ

Ꞓ

↓

^ Dai, X.; Davies, J. H. F. L.; Yuan, Z.; Brayard, A.; Ovtcharova, M.; Xu, G.; Liu, X.; Smith, C. P. A.; Schweitzer, C. E.; Li, M.; Perrot, M. G.; Jiang, S.; Miao, L.; Cao, Y.; Yan, J.; Bai, R.; Wang, F.; Guo, W.; Song, H.; Tian, L.; Dal Corso, J.; Liu, Y.; Chu, D.; Song, H. (2023). "A Mesozoic fossil lagerstätte from 250.8 million years ago shows a modern-type marine ecosystem". Science. 379 (6632): 567–572. doi:10.1126/science.adf1622. PMID 36758082.
^ Brayard, Arnaud; Krumenacker, L. J.; Botting, Joseph P.; Jenks, James F.; Bylund, Kevin G.; Fara, Emmanuel; Vennin, Emmanuelle; Olivier, Nicolas; Goudemand, Nicolas; Saucède, Thomas; Charbonnier, Sylvain; Romano, Carlo; Doguzhaeva, Larisa; Thuy, Ben; Hautmann, Michael; Stephen, Daniel A.; Thomazo, Christophe; Escarguel, Gilles (2017). "Unexpected Early Triassic marine ecosystem and the rise of the Modern evolutionary fauna". Science Advances. 3 (2): e1602159. Bibcode:2017SciA....3E2159B. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602159. PMC 5310825. PMID 28246643.
^ ^a ^b Payne, J.L.; Lehrmann, D.J.; Wei, J.; Orchard, M.J.; Schrag, D.P.; Knoll, A.H. (2004). "Large Perturbations of the Carbon Cycle During Recovery from the End-Permian Extinction" (PDF). Science. 305 (5683): 506–9. Bibcode:2004Sci...305..506P. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.582.9406. doi:10.1126/science.1097023. PMID 15273391. S2CID 35498132.
^ McElwain, J. C.; Punyasena, S. W. (2007). "Mass extinction events and the plant fossil record". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 22 (10): 548–557. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2007.09.003. PMID 17919771.
^ Retallack, G. J.; Veevers, J. J.; Morante, R. (1996). "Global coal gap between Permian–Triassic extinctions and middle Triassic recovery of peat forming plants". GSA Bulletin. 108 (2): 195–207. Bibcode:1996GSAB..108..195R. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1996)108<0195:GCGBPT>2.3.CO;2.

Category:

Templates that generate named references

UNIVERSITAS TEKNOKRAT INDONESIA | ASEAN's Best Private University
Jl. ZA. Pagar Alam No.9 -11, Labuhan Ratu, Kec. Kedaton, Kota Bandar Lampung, Lampung 35132
Phone: (0721) 702022
Email: pmb@teknokrat.ac.id