Timeline of Florence

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Timeline of Florence - Wikipedia

Coordinates: 43°47′00″N 11°15′00″E / 43.783333°N 11.25°E

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Florence, Tuscany, Italy.

The earliest timeline of Florence, the Annales florentini, was created in the 12th century.

Prior to 14th century

59 BCE – Roman colony founded (approximate date).^[1]
1st century CE – Catholic Diocese of Florence established.
285 – Florence becomes seat of Tuscia region.^[2]
405 – Siege of Florence (405).^[2]
541 – Florence sacked by forces of Ostrogoth Totila.^[1]
1078 – City walls built.^[2]
1080 – Stone Ponte Vecchio (bridge) built.^[3]
1107 – Monte Orlandi and Prato become part of Florence.^[3]
1115–16 – Commune form of government adopted;^[2] Republic of Florence established.
1128 – Florence Baptistery built.
1138 – "City divided into six wards."^[3]
1182 – Arte di Calimala (cloth guild) first mentioned (approximate date).
1201 – Bankers' guild active (approximate date).^[3]
1222 – Monte comune (pawnshop) opens.^[3]
1230 – Eucharistic miracle of Florence [it] allegedly occurs.
1237 – Ponte alle Grazie (bridge) built.^[3]
1244 – Venerabile Arciconfraternita della Misericordia di Firenze founded.
1251 – First Capitano del popolo elected.^[3]
1252
- Mint established;^[3] Florin (Italian coin) introduced.
- Santa Trinita bridge built.^[3]
1258 – Bargello built.^[3]
1261 – Public prison established.^[3]
1267 – Charles of Anjou in power.^[2]
1269 – Flood.^[3]
1282 – "Florence adopts a new system of government by members of a guild."^[4]^[2]
1284 – Tertio Cerchio (wall) built.^[3]
1285 – Hospital of Santa Maria Nuova founded.^[5]
1289
- Slavery abolished.^[3]
- Fire.^[3]
1299 – Palazzo Vecchio construction begins.

14th–16th centuries

1312 – Siege of Florence (1312)
1321 – University of Florence founded.
1333 – November: Flood.^(it)
1345 – Ponte Vecchio rebuilt.
1348 – Black Death plague.^[3]
1353 – Public clock installed in Palazzo Vecchio tower.^[6]
1355 – Chiesa di Santa Maria del Fiore a Lapo [it] (church) built.
1360 – Cathedral Campanile built.^[7]
1375 – War of the Eight Saints
1377 – Medici in power.^[4]
1382 – Loggia dei Lanzi built.
1385 – Basilica of Santa Croce built.
1397 – Medici Bank established.^[8]
1415 – Bruni's History of Florence issued.^[4]
1427 – Catasto tax begins.^[3]
1432 – Ufficiali di Notte tribunal begins.^[8]
1434 – Cosimo de' Medici in power.^[5]
1436 – Duomo consecrated.^[3]
1469 – Lorenzo de' Medici assumes power
1471 – Printing press in operation.^[3]^[9]
1478 – Pazzi conspiracy foiled.^[4]
1487 – Medici giraffe arrives.^[10]
1488 – Ancient Greek poet Homer first published in print.
1490 – Palazzo Cocchi-Serristori built.
1492 – Lorenzo the Magnificent dies and is succeeded by Piero the Unfortunate
1494
- Charles VIII of France invades Italy
- Piero II acquiesces to Charles VIII and is forced to flee Florence
- Republic of Florence restored, ruled nominally by Girolamo Savonarola
- 1494 – Salone dei Cinquecento built.
1497 – 7 February: Bonfire of the Vanities.
1498
- Niccolò Machiavelli becomes secretary.^[4]
- 23 May: Savonarola executed.^[2]
1504 – Michelangelo's David sculpture installed in the Piazza della Signoria.^[11]
1509 – Militia established.^[3]
1512
- Florentine Republic dissolved after defeat by Papal forces under Medici control.
- Piero Soderini and Niccolò Machiavelli exiled.
1513
- Giulio de Medici becomes Archbishop of Florence.
- Machiavelli publishes The Prince
1517 – Machiavelli publishes Discourses on Livy
1527 – 21 June: Machiavelli dies
1529 – 24 October: Siege of Florence (1529–30) begins.
1532 – Alessandro de Medici becomes duke of the Florentine Republic.^[3]
1536 – Charles V visits city.^[3]
1537 – Villani's Nuova Cronica published.
1545 – Orto Botanico di Firenze established.
1557 – September: Flood.^(it)
1559 – Palazzo Uguccioni built.
1562 – Accademia del Disegno established.^[12]
1564 – Vasari Corridor built.
1565 – Fountain of Neptune inaugurated.
1569 – Ponte Santa Trinita (bridge) rebuilt.
1574 – Florentine Camerata active.^[13]
1580 – Rules of Calcio Fiorentino sport published.^[14]
1581 – Uffizi art museum built.
1582 – State Archives of Tuscany established.^[5]
1592 – Theorbo musical instrument invented.^[13]
1598 – Premiere of Peri's opera Dafne.^[13]
1600
- 5 October: Wedding of Maria de 'Medici and Henry IV of France [it].
- Biblioteca Riccardiana founded (approximate date).^[5]
- Premiere of Peri's opera Euridice.^[15]

17th–19th centuries

1625 – Premiere of Francesca Caccini's opera La liberazione di Ruggiero.^[16]
1656 – Teatro della Pergola built.
1700 – Fortepiano musical instrument prototyped.^[13]
1739 – Academia Botanica established.^[17]
1740 – Teatro di Santa Maria built.
1753 – Accademia dei Georgofili established.^[17]
1775 – Museo di Storia Naturale di Firenze established.
1784 – Galleria dell'Accademia established.
1799 – French occupation begins.^[2]
1814
- French occupation ends.^[2]
- Jewish ghetto abolished.^[18]
1817 – Teatro Goldoni opens.
1828 – Teatro Alfieri opens.
1844 – 3 November: Florence flood of 1844 [it].
1847 – Premiere of Verdi's opera Macbeth.^[15]
1848
- Prato-Florence railway begins operating.
- Firenze Santa Maria Novella railway station opens.
1852 – Archivio di Stato di Firenze (state archives) established.
1859 – La Nazione newspaper begins publication.^[19]
1861
- National Library active.
- Population: 150,864.
1862 – Politeama Fiorentino Vittorio Emanuele amphitheatre opens.
1864 – Florence becomes part of Italy.^[1]
1865 – Italian capital relocated to Florence from Turin.^[20]
1867 – Società Geografica Italiana headquartered in Florence.
1871
- Palazzo delle Assicurazioni Generali built.
- Population: 167,093.^[21]
1879 – Horse-drawn tram begins operating.
1882 – Great Synagogue of Florence built.
1891 – Cathedral Museum opens.^[5]
1896 – Firenze Campo di Marte railway station opens.
1897
- Leo S. Olschki Editore in business.
- Population: 209,540.^[22]

20th century

1901 – Population: 236,635.
1904 – Giardino Tropicale established.^[23]
1908 – La Voce magazine begins publication.
1922 – Cinema Teatro Savoia opens.^[24]
1925 – Non Mollare [it] newspaper begins publication.^[20]
1926 – Chiesa di Santa Maria a Ricorboli [it] (church) built.
1931 – Population: 304,160.
1933 – Maggio Musicale Fiorentino begins.
1934 – Bologna–Florence railway begins operating.^[2]
1936 – Cinema Vittoria built.^[24]
1943
- German occupation begins.
- 25 September: Aerial bombing by Allied forces.
1944
- 3 August: Bridges bombed by German forces.^[2]
- 11 August: German occupation ends.^[2]
1948 – Ponte alla Carraia (bridge) rebuilt.
1954 – 27 October: 1954 UFO sighting in Florence [it]
1957 – Ponte Amerigo Vespucci (bridge) built.
1959 – Giardino dell'Iris (garden) established.^[23]
1961 – Population: 436,516.
1966 – 4 November: 1966 Flood of the Arno River.^[2]
1968 – Ospedale Piero Palagi [it] (hospital) built.
1977 – Florence–Rome high-speed railway begins operating.
1978 – Indiano Bridge built.
1982 – Historic Centre of Florence designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
1986 – Gran Caffè Doney closes.
1991 – Population: 403,294.
1993 – 27 May: Via dei Georgofili bombing.^[2]
1995 – European Rapid Operational Force headquartered in Florence.
1997 – City website online (approximate date).^[25]

21st century

2001 – Population: 356,118.
2002 – November: European Social Forum held in city.
2009
- Bologna–Florence high-speed railway begins operating.
- Matteo Renzi becomes mayor.
2011 – 13 December: 2011 Florence shootings.
2013 – Population: 366,039 city; 987,354 province.^[26]
2014 – Dario Nardella becomes mayor.
2015 – City becomes capital of the newly created Metropolitan City of Florence.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Townsend 1867.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ "Timeline of the history of Florence". Provincia di Firenze. Archived from the original on 6 January 2015. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v Staley 1906.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Charles E. Little (1900), "Italy", Cyclopedia of Classified Dates, New York: Funk & Wagnalls
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Baedeker 1913.
^ Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum [in German] (1996). "The First Public Clocks". History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4.
^ "Italian Peninsula, 1000–1400 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
^ ^a ^b Michael Wyatt, ed. (2014). "Timeline". Cambridge Companion to the Italian Renaissance. Cambridge University Press. p. xxi+. ISBN 978-1-139-99167-4.
^ Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Italy: Firenze". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450631 – via HathiTrust.
^ Luca Landucci, A Florentine Diary tr. Alice de Rosen Jervis (New York, 1969) p. 44
^ Gardner 1920.
^ "Medici: Godfathers of the Renaissance: Timeline". Empires. US: Public Broadcasting Service. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Joseph P. Swain (2013). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Baroque Music. US: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7825-9.
^ Tom Dunmore (2011). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Soccer. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7188-5.
^ ^a ^b "Timeline of opera", Oxford Music Online, Oxford University Press, retrieved 30 June 2015
^ Stephen Rose (2005). "Chronology". In Tim Carter and John Butt (ed.). Cambridge History of Seventeenth-Century Music. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-79273-8.
^ ^a ^b James E. McClellan (1985). "Official Scientific Societies: 1600–1793". Science Reorganized: Scientific Societies in the Eighteenth Century. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-05996-1.
^ Jewish Encyclopedia 1906.
^ "Italy". Western Europe. Regional Surveys of the World (5th ed.). Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 978-1-85743-152-0.
^ ^a ^b Mark Gilbert; Robert K. Nilsson (2007). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Modern Italy. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6428-3.
^ "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1873. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590360.
^ "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1899. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590550 – via HathiTrust.
^ ^a ^b "Garden Search: Italy". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
^ ^a ^b "Movie Theaters in Florence". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 30 January 2014.
^ "Città di Firenze Rete Civica" (in Italian). Archived from the original on 1997-01-21 – via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
^ "Resident Population". Demo-Geodemo. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica. Retrieved 30 January 2015.

This article incorporates information from the Italian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Giuseppe Maria Mecatti (1755). Storia chronologica della città di Firenze [Chronological history of the city of Florence] (in Italian). Napoli: Stamperia Simoniana. (1977 reprint)
J. Willoughby Rosse (1858). "Florence". Index of Dates ... Facts in the Chronology and History of the World. London: H.G. Bohn. hdl:2027/uva.x030807786 – via Hathi Trust.
George Henry Townsend (1867), "Florence", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
William Henry Overall, ed. (1870). "Florence". Dictionary of Chronology. London: William Tegg. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949.
William Smith, ed. (1872) [1854]. "Florentia". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray. hdl:2027/hvd.ah5cuq.
Ismar Elbogen (1906), "Florence", Jewish Encyclopedia
Edgcumbe Staley (1906). "Chronology". Guilds of Florence. London: Methuen & Co. hdl:2027/uc1.$b94514.
Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Florence", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
"Florence", Northern Italy (14th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1913, hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t7rn3cv1g
Edmund G. Gardner (1920). Story of Florence. London: J. M. Dent & Co.
Millard Meiss (1951). "Chronological Table". Painting in Florence and Siena After the Black Death: the Arts, Religion, and Society in the Mid-fourteenth Century. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00312-2.
Athanasios Moulakis (1998). "Chronology of Florentine Institutional Development". Republican Realism in Renaissance Florence. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8476-8994-1.
Michael Levey (1996). "Selective Chronology". Florence: A Portrait. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-30658-5.
Ted Jones (2013). "Chronology of Events". Florence And Tuscany: a Literary Guide for Travellers. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1-84885-836-7.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Florence.

Università degli Studi di Firenze. "Storia di Firenze" (in Italian). (Includes chronologies)

43°47′00″N 11°15′00″E / 43.783333°N 11.25°E / 43.783333; 11.25

v t e Timelines of cities in Italy
Northwest	Bergamo Brescia Cremona Genoa Mantua Milan Novara Pavia Turin
Northeast	Bologna Bolzano Ferrara Forlì Modena Padua Parma Piacenza Ravenna Reggio Emilia Rimini Trento Treviso Trieste Udine (it) Venice Verona Vicenza
Centre	Ancona Arezzo Florence Livorno Lucca Perugia Pisa Pistoia Prato Rome Siena
South	Bari Brindisi L'Aquila Naples Reggio Calabria Salerno Taranto
Islands	Cagliari Catania Messina Palermo Syracuse Trapani

v t e Tuscany · Comuni of the Metropolitan City of Florence
Bagno a Ripoli Barberino di Mugello Barberino Tavarnelle Borgo San Lorenzo Calenzano Campi Bisenzio Capraia e Limite Castelfiorentino Cerreto Guidi Certaldo Dicomano Empoli Fiesole Figline e Incisa Valdarno Firenzuola Florence Fucecchio Gambassi Terme Greve in Chianti Impruneta Lastra a Signa Londa Marradi Montaione Montelupo Fiorentino Montespertoli Palazzuolo sul Senio Pelago Pontassieve Reggello Rignano sull'Arno Rufina San Casciano in Val di Pesa San Godenzo Scandicci Scarperia e San Piero Sesto Fiorentino Signa Vaglia Vicchio Vinci

v t e Years in Italy (1861–present)
19th century	Pre-1861 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900
20th century	1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
21st century	2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

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