35-ton deep-submergence rescue vehicle

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Class overview

Operators	People's Liberation Army Navy
Succeeded by	LR7
In service	1989 - present^[1]
Completed	At least 2^[2]
Active	2^[2]
General characteristics
Type	Deep-submergence rescue vehicle
Displacement	35 tons^[1] (full)^[3]
Length	14.9 metres (49 ft)^[2]
Beam	2.6 metres (8 ft 6 in)^[2]
Installed power	2 x silver-zinc batteries^[2]
Propulsion	1 shaft^[2]
Speed	4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph)^[2]
Endurance	20 hours at 2 knots^[3]
Capacity	Six^[2] or 22 survivors^[1]^[3]
Crew	3^[2]
Sensors and processing systems	Active sonar^[2]

The People's Republic of China developed a class of 35-ton deep-submergence rescue vehicle^[1]^[3] (DSRV) for the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). It was first tested in 1986^[2] and operational in 1989.^[1]

The DSRV may perform a rescue at depths up to 200 metres (660 ft). Six^[2] or 22 survivors could be carried.^[1]^[3] This suited contemporary PLAN submarines which deployed infrequently and typically to coastal waters.^[1]

The submarine may also perform salvage work. It has a manipulator arm and a diving chamber for six divers.^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Bussert, James C. (December 2003). "Chinese Submarines Pose a Double-Edged Challenge". AFCEA International. Archived from the original on 11 March 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Saunders 2015, p. 159.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Wertheim 2013, p. 114.

Sources

Saunders, Stephan, ed. (2015). Jane's Fighting Ships 2015-2016. Jane's Information Group. ISBN 978-0710631435.
Wertheim, Eric (2013). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World: Their Ships, Aircraft, and Systems (16 ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1591149545.

Active ship classes of the People's Liberation Army Navy

Submarines

Nuclear
ballistic missile (SSBN)

Type 096 (Tang class)^*
Type 094 (Jin class)
Type 092 (Xia class)

Nuclear attack (SSN)

Type 095^*
Type 093/A (Shang class)
Type 091 (Han class)
Type 041 (Zhou class, hybrid)

Conventional
ballistic missile (SSB)

Type 032 (Qing class)

Conventional
attack (SS/SSK)

Air-independent propulsion equipped (SSI/SSP)	Type 039A/AG/B/C (Yuan class including "Olympics" Class)
Hunter-killer (SSK)	Type 039/039G (Song class) Project 636 (Kilo II class) Project 877EKM (Kilo I class) ES5E/F and Type 035G/035ET/035B (Ming class)
Medium (SS)	ES5C/D and Type 035/035A (Ming class)

Unclassified miscellaneous (IXSS)

Principal surface combatants

Aircraft carriers (CV)	Chinese aircraft carrier programme Type 004^* Type 003^* Type 002 (Kuznetsov Mod. class) Type 001 (Kuznetsov class)
Destroyers (DDG)	Type 055^CG (Renhai class) Type 052D (Luyang III class) Type 052C (Luyang II class) Type 052B (Luyang I class) Type 052 (Luhu class) Type 051C (Luzhou class) Type 051B (Luhai class) Project 956EM Sovremenny II class Project 956 Sovremenny I class
Frigates (FFG)	Type 054B (Jiangkai III class) Type 054A (Jiangkai II class) Type 054 (Jiangkai I or Ma'anshan class) Type 053H3 (Jiangwei II class) Type 053H1G (Jianghu V class) Type 053H1 (Jianghu II class)

Coastal warfare vessels

Corvettes (FS)

Type 056^FF (Jiangdao class)

Submarine chasers (PCSC)

Type 037-IS (Haiqing class)
Type 037-I (Haijiu class)
Type 062-I (Haizhui class)
Type 037 (Hainan class)
Project 122bis Kronshtadt class

Armed merchantmen (SP)

Missile boats (PCM)

Type 22 (Houbei class)
Type 037-II (Houjian class)
Type 037-IG (Houxin class)
Type 021 (Houdong class)
Type 021 (Huangfeng class or Soviet Osa-I class)
Type 021 (Hola class)
C 14 (China Cat class)
Type 024 (Heku/Hegu/Houku/Hougu class)

Torpedo boats (PT)

Type 6625/025/026/026II/R704 (Huchuan class)

Gunboats (PG)

Type 062-I (Shanghai III class)
Type 062 (Shanghai II class)
Type 062 (Shanghai I class)
Type 206 (Huludao class)

Patrol boats (PB)

Seagoing	Type 026H
Port security boat (PSB)	Huangpu class
Reconnaissance patrol combatant (PGR)	Type 528 Type 865

Amphibious warfare vessels

Landing helicopter dock (LHD) or
Landing helicopter assault (LHA)

Type 076^* (Yulan class)
Type 075 (Yushen class)

Amphibious transport dock (LPD)

Type 071 (Yuzhao class)

Dock landing ship (LSD)

Type 072III (Yuting I class)
Type 072A (Yuting II class)

Landing ship helicopter (LSH)

Type 073-III (Yudeng class)
Type 073A (Yunshu class)

Landing ship tank (LST)

Type 072-II (Yuting I class)

Landing ship medium (LSM)

Type 271IIIA (Yulü class)
Type 073-I (Yudao class)
Type 073-II (Yudao class)
Type 073-IIY (Yudao class)
Type 074A (Yubei class)
Type 079-I (Yulian class)
Type 079-II (Yulian class)

Landing craft (LC)

Landing craft tank (LCT)	Type 068/069 (Yuch'in class) Type 067 (Yunnan class)
Landing craft utility (LCU)	Type 271III Type 074 (Yuhai or Wuhu-A class)

Air-cushioned
landing craft (LCAC)

Project 1232.2 Zubr class
Type 726 (Yuyi class)
Type 724
Type 722-II (Jinsha II class)
Type 722-I (Jinsha I class)
Type 716-II (Dagu B class)

Mine warfare vessels (MCM)

Minelayers (ML)	Type 918 (Wolei class)
Auxiliary minelayers (MMA)	Type 8154
Minehunters (MH)	Type 081 (Wochi class) Type 081A Type 082 (Wosao class) Type 082II (Wozang class)
Minesweepers (MS)	Type 010 Type 05
Minesweeping drone (MSD)	Type 529 Type 312 (Futi class)
Auxiliary Minesweepers (MSA)	Type 801 Type 8105 Type 8101 Type 8154 Type 792

Auxiliary vessels

Ammunition
ships (AE/AEM)

Ammunition ship (AE)	Type 072 (Yantai class)
Ammunition ship, Missile/Rocket (AEM)	Yuan Wang 21 (operated by SSF) Yuan Wang 22 (operated by SSF)

Buoy tenders (AGL)

Cable layers (ARC)

Cargo ships (AK)

Reefer ships (AF)	Dongleng class
Cargo ships (AK)	Qiongsha class Retired landing ships/crafts
Float-on/float- off ships (AKF)	Modified Hansa Sonderberg class Donghai Island Zhen Hua 33
General stores issue ships (AKS)	Type 904 Dayun class Type 904A Danyao class Type 904B Danyao II class
Roll-on/roll- off ships (AKR)	Bo Sea Pearl class Chang Da Long China Revival China Railway Bo Sea No.3
Container ships (AKX)	Converted/militarized container ships
Self-propelled lighters/barges (YF)	500 cubic meter Dongbo 22

Crane ship (AB)

Beiqi 384 class
Unidentified class: Nan-Qi 746

Degaussing /
deperming ships (ADG)

Dive tenders (YDT)

Dredgers (AGD)

8-m³ class
Beijun 204 class
Dongjun 417 class
Dongjun 433 class
Dongjun 434 class
Nanjun 610 class
Dredgers of unknown class/type: Bei-Jun 271, 273, 274, 277 & 278

Engineering
ships

Engineering ships of unknown class/type: Bei-Gong 275 & 276

Environmental
research ships (AGER)

Dulaji class

Fleet Replenishment
ship (AEFS)

Floating pile drivers (YPD)

General purpose
research ships (AGE)

Harbor utility
craft (YFU)

Converted from various retired gunboats such as Type 53 and Type 55A

Hospital ships (AH)

Hospital ships (AH)	Type 919 Anshen class Type 920 Anwei class
Medical evacuation ships (AHP)	Zhuanghe
Ambulance transports (APH)	Qiongsha class
Ambulance craftd (YH)	Ankang class

Hydrographic
survey ships (AGS)

Type 55 Shantou class
Type 068/069 (Yuch'in class)
Type 635 A/B/C & Type 635II Yanlai class
Type 636A Shupang class
Type 639A Shupang class
Type 646 Kanyang class
Type 8101
Type 8105/Type 8154/Type 792 FT-14 AIT class
Yanjiu class

Icebreakers (AGB)

Type 272

Museum ships

PLANS Heroic Gunboat in the Toumenshan Naval Battle
PLANS Liberation
Minquan-class gunboat (replica)
Project 183 P-6-class torpedo boat
Type 021 missile boat
Type 024 missile boat
Type 031 ballistic submarine (SSB)
Type 033 submarine (SS)
Type 051 destroyer (DDG)
Type 053K frigate (FFG)
Type 091 submarine (SSN)
Type 6607 destroyer (DDG)

Oceanographic
research ships (AGOR)

Oceanographic
surveillance ships (AGOS)

Personnel
transport (AP)

Barracks ships (APB)	Daguan class
Dispatch boat (YFB/YFL)	Duchuan class Dufei class Dukou class Duludao class Dumujiu class Dusso class Duzhou class Nanjiao 90 class
Transport ships (AP)	Type 081 Red Flag class Darong class APT/AP
Troopships (APT)	Daguan class Darong class AP/APT Qiongsha class

Range support &
target ships (AGT)

Repair ships (AR)

Repair dry docks (ARD)	120t class Dongxiu 912 Hua Chuan No. 1 class
Repair ships (AR)	Type 648 Dadao class

Rescue and
salvage ships

Heavy-lift ship (YHLC)	Type 633
Rescue ships (ARS)	Datuo class ATR/ARS Haijiu 101 class Longma class YDT/ARS Type 917 Dasan class
Salvage ships (ATS)	Type 922II Dalang class Type 922III Dalang II class Type 922IIIA Dalang III class

Spy ships (AGI)

Submarine
support ships

Submarine rescue ships (ASR)	Type 930 Hudong class Type 946 Dazhou class Type 946A Dadong class
Submarine tenders (AS)	Type 925 Dajiang class Type 926 Dalao class

Submersibles (X)

Deep-submergence rescue vehicle (DSRV)	Type 7103 DSRV LR7
Deep-submergence vehicle (DSV)	Harmony class Jiaolong class Rainbowfish class Sea Pole class Struggler class
Other Submersibles (X)	Osprey-class submersible Mobile diving bell QSZ-II submersible
Diver propulsion vehicles (DPV)	QX-50 QY-18 QY-40 QJY-001

Tankers

Replenishment tanker (AOR)	Hua Chuan
Transport oiler (AOT)	Fubai class Fujian class Fushi class Type 620 Shengli class Type 631 Fuchang class Type 637 Fuxiao class
Water tanker (AWT)	Fujian class Fushi class Jinyou class Nanshui 701 class Type 637 Fuxiao class Type 645 Guangzhou class

Technological
research
ships

Sonar trials ships	Kantan class AGE/AGTR
Technical research ships (AGTR)	Mirage Hunter
Unclassified Miscellaneous Submarine (IXSS)	Chinese sailless submarine

Torpedo trials craft

Torpedo retrievers (TR/TWR)	Dachou class AGT/TR/TWR Type 803 Type 917 Damen class AGT/TR/TWR
Torpedo trials ships (YTT)	Type 906 Xiang Yang Hong 9 class AGE/YTT Type 907A

Tracking ship (AGM)

Training ships (AX)

Training ship (AX)	Daguan class Type 680 Dadu class Shichang Zheng He
Training ship, sail (AXS)	Type 2630
Onshore stationary training facilities	Type 033 (Romeo class) Type 051/051Z (Luda class) Type 053H1Q (Jianghu-IV class) Type 6607 (Anshan class)

Tugs (AT)

Harbor tug (YT)	Beituo 617 class Beituo 699 class Beituo 702 class Beituo 715 class
Large harbor tug (YTB)	Ducha class Duda class Duhast class Dupo class
Rescue Tug (ATR)	Bei-Tuo 739 class Datuo class ARS/ATR Dong-Tuo 835 class Haixiu 121 class Daozha class Type 830 AGM/ATR
Sea-going Tug (ATA)	Type 802 Gromovoy class Type 837 Hujiu class Type 852 Roslavl class
Tugs of unknown class/type	Bei-Tuo 153, 651, 704, 728, Dong-Tuo 845, 861, Nan-Tuo 142, 163, 168, 176, 187, 188

UAV motherships (ATLS)

Fighting Shark No.1

Unmanned surface
vehicles (USV)

Unmanned underwater
vehicles (UUV)

Autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV)	CR series Explorer series HSU-001 Intelligent Water class JUST AUVs Micro Dragon Series Orange Shark series Ostar AUVs Poseidon series Robosea AUVs Sea Clever Sea Whale series Submerged Dragon series THLMT AUVs Wukong WZODA XTDT
Benthic landers	CAS series Rainbowfish series
Bottom crawlers	Aquadrobotman series CSSC series Deepinfar series JUST series Robosea series SBSS series Sea Crab Sea Star THLMT unmanned vehicles#Underwater series VVLAI series
Hybrid UUVs (Autonomous remotely -operated vehicles, ARVs)	7B8 Arctic series Hadal Hadal 1 Rainbowfish ARV
Remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROUV)	8A4 8H4 Aquarobotman ROUV Deepinfar ROUVs Discovery Dragon Emperor Dragon Pearl Goldfish series JH-01 (Jiao-Hai 01) JTD-01 Deep Eel I JTML-02 JTMP series JTR series JUST ROUVs Max ROV Oceanxer ROUVs Ostar ROUVs PWT ROUV RECON-IV ROUV Robosea ROUVs SBSS ROUVs Sea Dragon series Sea Person (Hai-Ren/HR) series Sea Pole Sea Star 6000 Sea Submergence series SJT series ST-6000 THLMT ROUVs VVLAI ROUVs Walrus 1500

Weapon trials
ships (AVM/AGM)

* = Under construction or procurement, ^CG= Classified as guided missile cruiser by NATO, ^FF= Classified as light frigate by PLAN

Underwater diving

Diving equipment

Basic equipment

Breathing gas

Buoyancy and
trim equipment

Decompression
equipment

Diving suit

Helmets
and masks

Instrumentation

Mobility
equipment

Safety
equipment

Underwater
breathing
apparatus

Open-circuit scuba	Scuba set Bailout bottle Decompression cylinder Independent doubles Manifolded twin set Scuba manifold Pony bottle Scuba configuration Sidemount Sling cylinder
Diving rebreathers	Carbon dioxide scrubber Carleton CDBA Clearance Divers Life Support Equipment Cryogenic rebreather CUMA DSEA Dolphin Halcyon PVR-BASC Halcyon RB80 IDA71 Interspiro DCSC LAR-5 LAR-6 LAR-V LARU Mark IV Amphibian Porpoise Ray Siebe Gorman CDBA Salvus Siva
Surface-supplied diving equipment	Air line Diver's umbilical Diving air compressor Gas panel Hookah Scuba replacement Snuba Standard diving dress

Diving
equipment
manufacturers

Diving support equipment

Access equipment

Breathing gas
handling

Decompression
equipment

Platforms

Underwater habitat	Aquarius Reef Base Continental Shelf Station Two Helgoland Habitat Scott Carpenter Space Analog Station SEALAB Tektite habitat

Remotely operated
underwater vehicles

Safety equipment

General

Freediving

Activities	Aquathlon Apnoea finswimming Freediving Haenyeo Pearl hunting Ama Snorkeling Spearfishing Underwater football Underwater hockey Underwater rugby Underwater target shooting
Competitions	Nordic Deep Vertical Blue Disciplines Constant weight (CWT) Constant weight bi-fins (CWTB) Constant weight without fins (CNF) Dynamic apnea (DYN) Dynamic apnea without fins (DNF) Free immersion (FIM) No-limits apnea (NLT) Static apnea (STA) Skandalopetra diving Variable weight apnea (VWT) Variable weight apnea without fins
Equipment	Diving mask Diving suit Hawaiian sling Polespear Snorkel (swimming) Speargun Swimfins Monofin Water polo cap
Freedivers	Deborah Andollo Simone Arrigoni Peppo Biscarini Michael Board Sara Campbell Derya Can Göçen Goran Čolak Carlos Coste Robert Croft Mandy-Rae Cruickshank Yasemin Dalkılıç Leonardo D'Imporzano Flavia Eberhard Şahika Ercümen Emma Farrell Francisco Ferreras Pierre Frolla Flavia Eberhard Mehgan Heaney-Grier Elisabeth Kristoffersen Andriy Yevhenovych Khvetkevych Loïc Leferme Enzo Maiorca Jacques Mayol Audrey Mestre Karol Meyer Kate Middleton Stéphane Mifsud Alexey Molchanov Natalia Molchanova Dave Mullins Patrick Musimu Guillaume Néry Herbert Nitsch Umberto Pelizzari Liv Philip Annelie Pompe Stig Severinsen Tom Sietas Martin Štěpánek Walter Steyn Tanya Streeter William Trubridge Devrim Cenk Ulusoy Fatma Uruk Danai Varveri Alessia Zecchini Nataliia Zharkova Kateryna Sadurska
Hazards	Barotrauma Drowning Freediving blackout Deep-water blackout Shallow-water blackout Hypercapnia Hypothermia
Historical	Ama Octopus wrestling Swimming at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Men's underwater swimming
Organisations	AIDA International Scuba Schools International Australian Underwater Federation British Freediving Association Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques Fédération Française d'Études et de Sports Sous-Marins Performance Freediving International

Professional diving

Occupations

Military
diving

Military
diving
units

Underwater
work

Salvage diving	SS Egypt Kronan La Belle SS Laurentic RMS Lusitania Mars Mary Rose USS Monitor HMS Royal George Vasa

Diving
contractors

Tools and
equipment

Underwater
weapons

Underwater firearm	Gyrojet Mk 1 Underwater Defense Gun Powerhead Underwater pistols Heckler & Koch P11 SPP-1 underwater pistol Underwater revolvers AAI underwater revolver Underwater rifles ADS amphibious rifle APS underwater rifle ASM-DT amphibious rifle QBS-06

Recreational diving

Specialties	Altitude diving Cave diving Deep diving Ice diving Muck diving Open-water diving Rebreather diving Sidemount diving Solo diving Technical diving Underwater photography Wreck diving
Diver organisations	British Sub-Aqua Club (BSAC) Cave Divers Association of Australia (CDAA) Cave Diving Group (CDG) Comhairle Fo-Thuinn (CFT) Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques (CMAS) Federación Española de Actividades Subacuáticas (FEDAS) Fédération Française d'Études et de Sports Sous-Marins (FFESSM) International Association for Handicapped Divers (IAHD) Quintana Roo Speleological Survey (QRSS) Woodville Karst Plain Project (WKPP)
Diving tourism industry	Dive center Diving in Timor-Leste Diving in the Maldives Environmental impact of recreational diving Scuba diving tourism Scuba diving in the Cayman Islands Shark tourism Sinking ships for wreck diving sites Underwater diving in Guam
Diving events and festivals	Diversnight Underwater Bike Race

Diving safety

Diving
hazards

Consequences	Barotrauma Decompression sickness Drowning Hypothermia Hypoxia Hypercapnia Hyperthermia Non-freezing cold injury

Diving
procedures

Risk
management

Checklist
Hazard identification and risk assessment
Hyperbaric evacuation and rescue
Risk control
- Hierarchy of hazard controls
Incident pit
Lockout–tagout
Permit To Work
Redundancy
Safety data sheet
Situation awareness

Diving team	Bellman Chamber operator Diver medical technician Diver's attendant Diving supervisor Diving systems technician Gas man Life support technician Stand-by diver
Equipment safety	Breathing gas quality Testing and inspection of diving cylinders Hydrostatic test Sustained load cracking Diving regulator Breathing performance of regulators
Occupational safety and health	Association of Diving Contractors International International Marine Contractors Association Code of practice Contingency plan Diving regulations Emergency response plan Diving safety officer Diving superintendent Diving supervisor Operations manual Standard operating procedure

Diving medicine

Diving
disorders

Pressure
related

Oxygen	Freediving blackout Hyperoxia Hypoxia Oxygen toxicity
Inert gases	Avascular necrosis Decompression sickness Dysbaric osteonecrosis Inner ear decompression sickness Isobaric counterdiffusion Taravana High-pressure nervous syndrome Hydrogen narcosis Nitrogen narcosis
Carbon dioxide	Hypercapnia Hypocapnia
Breathing gas contaminants	Carbon monoxide poisoning

Immersion
related

Treatment

Personnel

Screening

Research

Researchers in
diving physiology
and medicine

Diving medical
research
organisations

Law
Civil liability in recreational diving Diving regulations Duty of care List of legislation regulating underwater diving Investigation of diving accidents Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage

History of underwater diving

Archeological
sites

Underwater art
and artists

Engineers
and inventors

Historical
equipment

Diver propulsion vehicles	Advanced SEAL Delivery System Cosmos CE2F series Dry Combat Submersible Human torpedo Motorised Submersible Canoe Necker Nymph R-2 Mala-class swimmer delivery vehicle SEAL Delivery Vehicle Shallow Water Combat Submersible Siluro San Bartolomeo Welfreighter Wet Nellie

Military and
covert operations

Scientific projects

Awards and events

Incidents

Dive boat incidents	Sinking of MV Conception
Diver rescues	Alpazat cave rescue Tham Luang cave rescue
Early diving	John Day (carpenter) Charles Spalding Ebenezer Watson
Freediving fatalities	Stephen Keenan Loïc Leferme Audrey Mestre Nicholas Mevoli Natalia Molchanova
Offshore diving incidents	Byford Dolphin diving bell accident Drill Master diving accident Star Canopus diving accident Stena Seaspread diving accident Venture One diving accident Waage Drill II diving accident Wildrake diving accident
Professional diving fatalities	Roger Baldwin John Bennett Victor F. Guiel Jr. Francis P. Hammerberg Craig M. Hoffman Peter Henry Michael Holmes Johnson Sea Link accident Edwin Clayton Link Gerard Anthony Prangley Per Skipnes Robert John Smyth Albert D. Stover Richard A. Walker Lothar Michael Ward Joachim Wendler Bradley Westell Arne Zetterström
Scuba diving fatalities	1973 Mount Gambier cave diving accident Ricardo Armbruster Allan Bridge David Bright Berry L. Cannon Cotton Coulson Cláudio Coutinho E. Yale Dawson Deon Dreyer Milan Dufek Sheck Exley Maurice Fargues Fernando Garfella Palmer Guy Garman Steve Irwin death Jim Jones Henry Way Kendall Artur Kozłowski Yuri Lipski Kirsty MacColl Linnea Mills Agnes Milowka François de Roubaix Chris and Chrissy Rouse Dave Shaw Wesley C. Skiles Dewey Smith Rob Stewart Esbjörn Svensson Josef Velek

Publications

Manuals	NOAA Diving Manual U.S. Navy Diving Manual Basic Cave Diving: A Blueprint for Survival Underwater Handbook Bennett and Elliott's physiology and medicine of diving Encyclopedia of Recreational Diving The new science of skin and scuba diving Professional Diver's Handbook Basic Scuba
Standards and Codes of Practice	Code of Practice for Scientific Diving (UNESCO) DIN 7876 IMCA Code of Practice for Offshore Diving ISO 24801 Recreational diving services — Requirements for the training of recreational scuba divers
General non-fiction	The Darkness Beckons Goldfinder The Last Dive Shadow Divers The Silent World: A Story of Undersea Discovery and Adventure
Research	List of Divers Alert Network publications
Dive guides

Training and registration

Diver
training

Competence and assessment
Diver training standard
Diving instructor
Diving school
Occupational diver training
Recreational diver training
- Introductory diving
- ISO training standards
Teaching method

Skills	Combat sidestroke Diver navigation Diver trim Ear clearing Frenzel maneuver Valsalva maneuver Finning techniques Scuba skills Buddy breathing Low impact diving Diamond Reef System Surface-supplied diving skills Underwater searches

Recreational
scuba
certification
levels

Core diving skills	Advanced Open Water Diver Autonomous diver CMAS* scuba diver CMAS** scuba diver Introductory diving Low Impact Diver Master Scuba Diver Open Water Diver Supervised diver
Leadership skills	Dive leader Divemaster Diving instructor Master Instructor
Specialist skills	Rescue Diver Solo diver

Diver training
certification
and registration
organisations

Commercial diver
certification
authorities

Commercial diving
schools

Free-diving
certification
agencies

AIDA International (AIDA)
Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques (CMAS)
Performance Freediving International (PI)
Scuba Schools International (SSI)

Recreational
scuba
certification
agencies

American Canadian Underwater Certifications (ACUC)
American Nitrox Divers International (ANDI)
Association nationale des moniteurs de plongée (ANMP)
British Sub-Aqua Club (BSAC)
Comhairle Fo-Thuinn (CFT)
Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques (CMAS)
Federación Española de Actividades Subacuáticas (FEDAS)
Fédération Française d'Études et de Sports Sous-Marins (FFESSM)
Federazione Italiana Attività Subacquee (FIAS)
Global Underwater Explorers (GUE)
International Association for Handicapped Divers (IAHD)
International Association of Nitrox and Technical Divers (IANTD)
International Life Saving Federation (ILS)
Israeli Diving Federation (TIDF)
National Academy of Scuba Educators (NASE)
National Association of Underwater Instructors (NAUI)
Nederlandse Onderwatersport Bond (NOB)
Professional Association of Diving Instructors (PADI)
Professional Diving Instructors Corporation (PDIC)
Professional Technical and Recreational Diving (ProTec)
Rebreather Association of International Divers (RAID)
Sub-Aqua Association (SAA)
Scuba Diving International (SDI)
Scuba Educators International (SEI)
Scuba Schools International (SSI)
Türkiye Sualtı Sporları Federasyonu (TSSF)
United Diving Instructors (UDI)
YMCA SCUBA Program

Scientific diver
certification
authorities

Technical diver
certification
agencies

American Nitrox Divers International (ANDI)
British Sub-Aqua Club (BSAC)
Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques (CMAS)
Diving Science and Technology (DSAT)
Federazione Italiana Attività Subacquee (FIAS)
International Association of Nitrox and Technical Divers (IANTD)
Professional Association of Diving Instructors (PADI)
Professional Diving Instructors Corporation (PDIC)
Professional Technical and Recreational Diving (ProTec)
Rebreather Association of International Divers (RAID)
Trimix Scuba Association (TSA)
Technical Extended Range (TXR)

Cave diving	Cave Divers Association of Australia (CDAA) Cave Diving Group (CDG) Global Underwater Explorers (GUE) National Speleological Society#Cave Diving Group (CDG) National Association of Underwater Instructors (NAUI) Technical Diving International (TDI)

Military diver
training centres

Military diver
training courses

United States Marine Corps Combatant Diver Course

Underwater sports

Surface snorkeling	Finswimming
Snorkeling/breath-hold	Spearfishing Underwater football Underwater hockey Australia Turkey Underwater rugby Colombia United States Underwater target shooting
Breath-hold	Aquathlon Apnoea finswimming Freediving
Open Circuit Scuba	Immersion finswimming Sport diving Underwater cycling Underwater orienteering Underwater photography
Rebreather	Underwater photography
Sports governing organisations and federations	International AIDA International Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques) National AIDA Hellas Australian Underwater Federation British Freediving Association British Octopush Association British Underwater Sports Association Comhairle Fo-Thuinn Federación Española de Actividades Subacuáticas Fédération Française d'Études et de Sports Sous-Marins South African Underwater Sports Federation Türkiye Sualtı Sporları Federasyonu Underwater Society of America)
Competitions	14th CMAS Underwater Photography World Championship Underwater Hockey World Championships Underwater Orienteering World Championships Underwater Rugby World Championships

Underwater divers

Pioneers of diving	Eduard Admetlla i Lázaro Aquanaut Mary Bonnin Amelia Behrens-Furniss James F. Cahill Jacques Cousteau Billy Deans Dottie Frazier Trevor Hampton Hans Hass Hannes Keller Dick Rutkowski Teseo Tesei Arne Zetterström
Underwater scientists archaeologists and environmentalists	Michael Arbuthnot Robert Ballard George Bass Mensun Bound Louis Boutan Jeffrey Bozanic Hugh Bradner Cathy Church Eugenie Clark James P. Delgado Sylvia Earle John Christopher Fine George R. Fischer Anders Franzén Honor Frost Fernando Garfella Palmer David Gibbins Graham Jessop Swietenia Puspa Lestari Pilar Luna Robert F. Marx Anna Marguerite McCann Innes McCartney Charles T. Meide Mark M. Newell Lyuba Ognenova-Marinova John Peter Oleson Mendel L. Peterson Richard Pyle Andreas Rechnitzer William R. Royal Margaret Rule Gunter Schöbel Stephanie Schwabe Myriam Seco E. Lee Spence Robert Sténuit Peter Throckmorton Cristina Zenato
Scuba record holders	Pascal Bernabé Jim Bowden Mark Ellyatt Sheck Exley Nuno Gomes Claudia Serpieri Krzysztof Starnawski
Underwater filmmakers and presenters	Samir Alhafith David Attenborough Ramón Bravo Jean-Michel Cousteau Richie Kohler Paul Rose Andy Torbet Ivan Tors Andrew Wight James Cameron
Underwater photographers	Doug Allan Tamara Benitez Georges Beuchat Adrian Biddle Jonathan Bird Eric Cheng Neville Coleman Jacques Cousteau John D. Craig Ben Cropp Bernard Delemotte David Doubilet Candice Farmer John Christopher Fine Rodney Fox Ric Frazier Stephen Frink Peter Gimbel Monty Halls Hans Hass Henry Way Kendall Rudie Kuiter Joseph B. MacInnis Luis Marden Agnes Milowka Noel Monkman Pete Oxford Steve Parish Zale Parry Pierre Petit Leni Riefenstahl Peter Scoones Brian Skerry Wesley C. Skiles E. Lee Spence Philippe Tailliez Ron Taylor Valerie Taylor Albert Tillman John Veltri Stan Waterman Michele Westmorland John Ernest Williamson J. Lamar Worzel
Underwater explorers	Caves Graham Balcombe Sheck Exley Martyn Farr Jochen Hasenmayer Jill Heinerth Jarrod Jablonski William Hogarth Main Tom Mount Jack Sheppard Bill Stone Reefs Arthur C. Clarke Wrecks Leigh Bishop John Chatterton Clive Cussler Bill Nagle Valerie van Heest Aristotelis Zervoudis
Aquanauts	Andrew Abercromby Joseph M. Acaba Clayton Anderson Richard R. Arnold Serena Auñón-Chancellor Michael Barratt (astronaut) Robert A. Barth Robert L. Behnken Randolph Bresnik Timothy J. Broderick Justin Brown Berry L. Cannon Scott Carpenter Gregory Chamitoff Steve Chappell Catherine Coleman Robin Cook Craig B. Cooper Fabien Cousteau Philippe Cousteau Timothy Creamer Jonathan Dory Pedro Duque Sylvia Earle Jeanette Epps Sheck Exley Albert Falco Andrew J. Feustel Michael Fincke Satoshi Furukawa Ronald J. Garan Jr. Michael L. Gernhardt Christopher E. Gerty David Gruber Chris Hadfield Jeremy Hansen José M. Hernández John Herrington Paul Hill Akihiko Hoshide Mark Hulsbeck Emma Hwang Norishige Kanai Les Kaufman Scott Kelly Karen Kohanowich Timothy Kopra Dominic Landucci Jon Lindbergh Kjell N. Lindgren Michael López-Alegría Joseph B. MacInnis Sandra Magnus Thomas Marshburn Matthias Maurer K. Megan McArthur Craig McKinley Jessica Meir Simone Melchior Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger Andreas Mogensen Karen Nyberg John D. Olivas Takuya Onishi Luca Parmitano Nicholas Patrick Tim Peake Thomas Pesquet Marc Reagan Garrett Reisman Kathleen Rubins Dick Rutkowski Tara Ruttley David Saint-Jacques Josef Schmid Robert Sheats Dewey Smith Steve Squyres Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper Robert Sténuit Hervé Stevenin Nicole Stott James Talacek Daniel M. Tani Robert Thirsk Bill Todd Mark T. Vande Hei Koichi Wakata Rex J. Walheim Shannon Walker John Morgan Wells Joachim Wendler Douglas H. Wheelock Peggy Whitson Dafydd Williams Jeffrey Williams Sunita Williams Reid Wiseman Kimiya Yui
Writers and journalists	Michael C. Barnette Victor Berge Philippe Diolé Gary Gentile Bret Gilliam Bob Halstead Hillary Hauser Trevor Jackson Steve Lewis John Mattera
Rescuers	Craig Challen Richard Harris Rick Stanton John Volanthen
Frogmen	Lionel Crabb Ian Edward Fraser Sydney Knowles James Joseph Magennis
Commercial salvors	Keith Jessop

Science of underwater diving

List of researchers in underwater diving

Diving
physics

Diving
physiology

Decompression theory	Decompression models: Bühlmann decompression algorithm Haldane's decompression model Reduced gradient bubble model Thalmann algorithm Thermodynamic model of decompression Varying Permeability Model Equivalent air depth Oxygen window Physiology of decompression

Diving
environments

Underwater exploration
- Deep-sea exploration

Classification	List of diving environments by type Altitude diving Benign water diving Confined water diving Deep diving Inland diving Inshore diving Muck diving Night diving Open-water diving Black-water diving Blue-water diving Penetration diving Cave diving Torricellian chamber Ice diving Wreck diving Recreational dive sites Underwater environment Underwater diving environment
Impact	Environmental impact of recreational diving Low impact diving

Other

Deep-submergence
vehicle

Submarine rescue

Deep-submergence rescue vehicle	LR5 LR7 MSM-1 Mystic-class deep-submergence rescue vehicle DSRV-1 Mystic DSRV-2 Avalon NATO Submarine Rescue System Priz-class deep-submergence rescue vehicle Russian deep submergence rescue vehicle AS-28 Russian submarine AS-34 ASRV Remora SRV-300 Submarine Rescue Diving Recompression System Type 7103 DSRV URF (Swedish Navy)