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  1. World Encyclopedia
  2. Upper Sepik languages
Upper Sepik languages
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Language group in northern Papua New Guinea
Upper Sepik
Upper Sepik River
Geographic
distribution
Sandaun Province and western East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea
Linguistic classificationSepik
  • Upper Sepik
Subdivisions
  • Abau–Iwam
  • Yellow and Wanibe Rivers
Language codes
GlottologNone
The Sepik languages as classified by Foley (2018)

The Upper Sepik languages are a group of ten to a dozen languages generally classified among the Sepik languages of northern Papua New Guinea.[1]

Languages

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The Upper Sepik languages are:[2]

  • Abau–Iwam
    • Abau
    • Iwam languages
  • Yellow and Wanibe Rivers
    • Amal–Kalou
      • Amal
      • Kalou
    • Ram languages (see)
    • Yellow River languages (see)

Although even the pronouns do not appear to be cognate, Foley classifies the Abau–Iwam languages with the Wogamus languages rather than with the Yellow and Wanibe River languages on the basis of a unique noun-class system in the numeral systems (see Wogamus languages#Noun classes). Additionally, Foley considers Sepik Iwam and Wogamusin noun class prefixes to be likely cognate with each other. Abau is more divergent, but its inclusion by Foley (2018) is based on the similarity of Abau verbal morphology to that of the Iwam languages. Foley observes that much of the lexicon and pronouns of these languages do not derive from proto-Sepik.[1]

Numerals

[edit]

Upper Sepik morphological numerals are (Foley 2018):[1]

gloss Abau Sepik Iwam Wogamusin Chenapian
‘one’ -eyn ~ -mon ~ -ron -or -Vd -rə
‘two’ -(r)eys -is -us -si
‘three’ -(r)ompri -um -um -mu

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Foley, William A. (2018). "The Languages of the Sepik-Ramu Basin and Environs". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 197–432. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
  2. ^ Upper Sepik River, NewGuineaWorld
  • Ross, Malcolm (2005). "Pronouns as a preliminary diagnostic for grouping Papuan languages". In Andrew Pawley; Robert Attenborough; Robin Hide; Jack Golson (eds.). Papuan pasts: cultural, linguistic and biological histories of Papuan-speaking peoples. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. pp. 15–66. doi:10.15144/PL-572. ISBN 0858835622. OCLC 67292782.
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Sepik languages
Upper Sepik
Wogamusin
  • Chenapian
  • Wogamusin
Iwam
  • May River Iwam
  • Sepik Iwam
Amal–Kalou
  • Amal
  • Kalou
Other
  • Abau
Middle Sepik
Nukuma
  • Kwanga
  • Kwoma
  • Seim
Ndu
  • Abelam
  • Boiken
  • Burui
  • Gaikundi
  • Iatmul
  • Keak
  • Koiwat
  • Kwasengen
  • Manambu
  • Ngala
  • Sengo
  • Sos Kundi
  • Yelogu
Yellow River
  • Ak
  • Awun
  • Namia
Other
  • Yerakai
Sepik Hill
Sanio
  • Bikaru
  • Hewa
  • Niksek
  • Piame
  • Sanio
Bahinemo
  • Bisis
  • Bitara
  • Bahinemo
  • Kapriman
  • Mari
  • Nigilu
  • Sumariup
  • Wagu
  • Watakataui
Alamblak
  • Alamblak
  • Kaningra
Papi
  • Papi
  • Suarmin
Others
Ram
  • Awtuw
  • Karawa
  • Pouye
Tama
  • Ayi
  • Mehek
  • Pahi
  • Pasi
  • Yessan-Mayo
Others
  • Biksi-Yetfa?
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Upper_Sepik_languages&oldid=1336213914"
Categories:
  • Upper Sepik languages
  • Sepik languages
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