Vendenis

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Vendenis

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Vendenis

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Location	Gllamnik, Podujevë, Kosovo
Region	District of Pristina

Vendenis was an ancient city in Dardania in Kosovo.^[1]^[2]^[3] Among three road stations that were constructed in Dardania during the Roman Period, Statio Vindenis, is one of the identified stations. This archaeological site is set at the area of the village of Gllamnik. The site is located approximately 5 kilometres (3.1 miles) south of Podujevë.^[4]

History

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The ancient Via Lissus-Naissus Roman road was a diagonal route, connecting the central Balkans region with the Adriatic coast, which passed through Vindenis. The settlement and Roman road station of Vindenis are stretched on the right bank of Llapi River vicinity, measuring an area of more or less of 15-20 hectares. During the 1980s, systematic archaeological excavations carried out at this site, uncovered an area in total of 550 km² (212 sq mi).

Among recorded archaeological findings and features here, the most characteristic ones are the grave burials with the grave goods. The burial rites documented here, tell us about the practise of cremation and inhumation burial rites. Besides, a heavy marble sarcophagus was discovered, most probably especially prepared for a distinguished person of high economical, social and political status. Nonetheless, archaeological investigations identified several dwellings, and in particular a distinguished discovery of a floor mosaic composed with geometrical motifs, at the central part of the mosaic, the figural display panel of the Orpheus, makes this mosaic a special discovery. A special finding discovered at this site, is a gold wedding ring with a cameo which clearly indicates shaking of the right hands, which means an agreement but also symbolizes loyalty and friendship.

Geophysical, geomagnetic surveys or prospection’s conducted at this locality in 2008 and 2011, in an area of at least 11 hectares of this important archaeological site, identified traces of remains of different objects that at the first impression, resemble to a military field garrison, most probably stationed there to protect the surrounding area and the road station. The archaeological site of Vindenis, was active during the entire period of the Roman rule as well as during the late antiquity.^[5] It is one of the road stations situated between Ulpiana and Naissus drawn on the Tabula Peutingeriana.^[6]^[7]

References

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^ Kraja, Mehmet, ed. (2018). "Fjalori Enciklopedik i Kosovës". (Encyclopedic Dictionary of Kosova) (in Albanian). Vol. 2. Prishtinë: Akademia e Shkencave dhe e Arteve e Kosovës. p. 1733. ISBN 9789951615846. OCLC 1080379844.
^ Lafe, Emil, ed. (2008). "Fjalor Enciklopedik Shqiptar". (Encyclopedic Dictionary of Albania) (in Albanian). Vol. 3. Tiranë: Akademia e Shkencave e Shqipërisë. pp. 2870–2871. ISBN 9789995610272. OCLC 426069353.
^ "Vendenis, Kosovo - Geographical Names, map, geographic coordinates".
^ Dobruna-Salihu Exhlale. Altari i Dea Dardanicae dhe stacioni beneficiar nga Vendenisi (A votive altar of Dea Dardanica and a beneficiary station from Vendenis). In: Iliria, vol. 35, 2011. pp. 243-254. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3406/iliri.2011.1108
^ Milot Berisha, Kosovo Archaeological Guide,Prishtinë, Kosovo Archaeological Institute and Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports, 2012, Pg.62.
^ "Rimski put Naissus -Lissus (Archived copy)". Archived from the original on 2011-08-26. Retrieved 2010-12-10.
^ F. Teichner, A. Drăgan, R. Dürr, Vindenis (Glavnik/Gllamnik, Kosovo). "Roman Military Presence in the Heart of the Dardanian Mining District". In: C. S. Sommer / S. Matešic (éds.). Limes XXIII. Proceedings of the 23rd International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies. Ingolstadt 2015. Mainz: 2018. pp. 426-436.

v t e Archaeological sites in Kosovo
Busavatë Cërmjan Çifllak Dardana Fortress Duboc Fortress Dresnik Fafos Harilaq Fortress Illyrian Tombs of Boka-Përçeva Kllokot-Vërban Korisha Fortress Llapçevë Municipium Dardanorum Nerodimë e Poshtme Nikadin Paldenica Pestova Poslishte Romajë Runik Ulpiana Vlashnjë Viciano Vendenis Vučak
Neolithic Copper, Bronze, Iron Age Antiquity, Medieval
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Illyrians

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Geography (cities/settlements)	Acruvium (Kotor) Ad Acroceraunia Ad Quintum Albanopolis Amantia Andetrium Antipatreia Apollonia Arduba Arnissa Aspalathos (Split) Aulon Bargulum Bassania Berat Bouthoe Brundisium Bushat Byllis Chinna Chrysondyon Creonion Damastion Daorson Lower Neretva Dardana Fortress Delminium Desilo (Lower Neretva) Dimale Doclea Doracium Dresnik Duboc Dukat Dyrrhachium/Epidamnus (Durrës) Enkelana Epicaria Eugenium Gertus Hedum castellum Hija e Korbit Iader or Idassa (Zadar) Kinna Kodrion Kratul Lissus (Lezhë) Lofkënd Lychnidus Matohasanaj Meteon Mursa (Osijek) Nareste Nikadin Nikaia (Klos) Oneum Oria Oricum Palaeste Parthus Pelion Persqopi Petra Pituntium Pogradec (Castle) Pola (Pula) Poslishte Promona Rabije Ragusa Rhizon Romajë Runik Salona Salvia Scampa (Elbasan) Selcë e Poshtme Sesarethus Setovia Scodra (Shkodër) Thronion Tilurium Tragurion (Trogir) Triport Tsangon Ugento Ulkinium Ulpiana Uscana Vendenis Zgërdhesh (? Albanopolis)
Culture	Central Bosnian cultural group Coinage Daunian stele Education Fibulae Glasinac-Mati culture Gradistë belt-plate Monte Saraceno woman Pileus Pottery Daunian Desilo Messapian Peucetian Soleto Map Spectacle brooch Tombs Boka-Përçeva Selca e Poshtme Trebeništa masks Vače Belt-Plate Vače Situla Tattooing Albanian traditional tattooing Sicanje
Religion and mythology	Religion Andinus Bindus Deipaturos Zojz En Medaurus Perëndi Prende Tomorr Nymphaion Swastika
Warfare and weaponry	Illyrian invasion of Epirus Alexander's Balkan campaign Siege of Pelium Dardanian–Bastarnic war Invasions of Epidamnus Illyro-Roman Wars Roman-Macedonian wars Battles Erigon Valley Lyncestis Paxos Pharos Phoenice Roman–Dalmatian wars Caesar's civil war Battle of Dyrrhachium (48 BC) Batonian War Desilo shipyard Helmet Lembus Liburna Sibyna Sica Sieges Issa Medion Oricum
Language	Illyrian Proposed vocabulary
Roman period	Illyrian emperors Dioceses Dacia Illyricum Macedonia Prefectures Illyricum Provinces Dardania Delmatia Epirus Nova Illyricum Macedonia Moesia Superior Pannonia Pannonia Inferior Pannonia Prima Pannonia Savia Pannonia Secunda Pannonia Superior Sirmium
Other	Illyrology Origin of the Albanians Albanian paganism History of the Balkans Prehistory of Southeastern Europe

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