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Virola elongata

Virola elongata 1860 Illustration
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Magnoliids
Order:	Magnoliales
Family:	Myristicaceae
Genus:	Virola
Species:	V. elongata
Binomial name
*Virola elongata* Warb.^[1]
Synonyms
Myristica cuspidata^[2] Myristica punctata^[2] Myristica membranacea^[2] Myristica uaupensis^[2] Palala punctata^[2] Palala uaupensis^[2] Palala cuspidata^[2] Palala membranacea^[2] Palala elongata^[2] Palala uaupensis^[2] Virola cuspidata uaupensis^[2] Virola cuspidata^[2] Virola theiodora Warb.^[1]

Virola elongata (syn. Virola theiodora ) is a species of tree in the family Myristicaceae. The tree is native to Panama, Guyana, Brazil (Acre, Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Pará, Rondônia and Roraima), Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.^[1]^[2] It is also found in Suriname.^[2] Virola elongata is thin and 7.5–23 m (25–75 ft) tall, sometimes 30 m (98 ft) tall.^[2]

The trunk is about 43 cm (17 in) in diameter, cylindrical and has smooth brown and gray bark. The fruit is ellipsoidal to subglobular, 11–20 mm (0.43–0.79 in) long, 10–15 m (33–49 ft) in diameter and comes in groups of 40.^[2] The tree is found in evergreen forests and in scrub up to 800 m (2,600 ft) in altitude.^[2]

The Yanomami people use the powdered resin as an entheogen known as nyakwána which is inhaled or "snuffed" into the nasal cavity, it contains a high concentration of 5-MeO-DMT and DMT.^[3]

Virola elongata extracts have weak antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus.^[4]

Fruit and seeds

Virola elongata fruit

Virola elongata seeds

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Virola elongata". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2008-04-05.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q "Plantes et botanique :: Virola elongata". www.plantes-botanique.be. Archived from the original on 2007-05-19. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
^ Agurell, S; Holmstedt, B; Lindgren, JE; Schultes, RE (1969). "Alkaloids in certain species of Virola and other South American plants of ethnopharmacologic interest". Acta Chemica Scandinavica. 23 (3): 903–16. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.23-0903. PMID 5806312.
^ Suffredini, Ivana Barbosa; Paciencia, Mateus Luís Barradas; Varella, Antonio Drauzio; Younes, Riad Naim (2006). "Antibacterial Activity of Brazilian Amazon Plant Extracts" (PDF). Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases. 10 (6): 400–2. doi:10.1590/S1413-86702006000600008. PMID 17420913.

Taxon identifiers
Virola elongata	Wikidata: Q7934861 Wikispecies: Virola elongata CoL: 5BK4P EoL: 392721 GBIF: 7171876 GRIN: 401402 IPNI: 267153-2 ITIS: 895301 IUCN: 61903350 Open Tree of Life: 3869063 Plant List: kew-2452056 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:267153-2 Tropicos: 21800129 WFO: wfo-0000418544
Myristica elongata	Wikidata: Q39273422 CoL: 459ML GBIF: 5564974 GRIN: 462028 IPNI: 586057-1 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586057-1 Tropicos: 21800093 WFO: wfo-0000447440

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