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Wei Commandery - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Wei Commandery (Chinese: 魏郡) was a historical commandery of China, located in modern southern Hebei and northern Henan.

The commandery was created during Emperor Gaozu of Han's reign, with its seat at Ye. In late Western Han, it administered 18 counties, namely Ye (鄴), Guantao (館陶), Chiqiu (斥丘), Sha (沙), Neihuang (內黃), Qingyuan (清淵), Wei (魏), Fanyang (繁陽), Yuancheng (元城), Liangqi (梁期), Liyang (黎陽), Jipei (即裴), Wushi (武始), Hanhui (邯會), Yin'an (陰安), Ping'en (平恩), Hangou (邯溝) and Wu'an (武安). The population was 909,655, or 212,849 households in 2 AD.^[1] By 140 AD, four counties (Jipei, Wushi, Hanhui, Hangou) had been resolved, whereas a new county, Quliang (曲梁), was added. The population was 695,606, or 129,310 households.^[2]

In late Eastern Han dynasty, Wei Commandery became the center of the Wei Kingdom, fief of Cao Cao, who expanded the commandery, increasing the total number of counties to 29. New official posts, Colonel of the East (東部都尉) and Colonel of the West (西部都尉) were created to assist in administering the territory.^[3] After the establishment of the Cao Wei dynasty, these areas became new commanderies Yangping (陽平) and Guangping (廣平), respectively. At the unification of Jin dynasty in 280 AD, the commandery had 8 counties, and a population of 40,700 households.^[4]

Under the Eastern Wei which moved the capital to Ye, Wei Commandery was briefly renamed Wei Yin (魏尹), similar to how Jingzhao was named during the Han dynasty. 13 counties were recorded in the Book of Wei, namely Ye (鄴), Linzhang (臨漳), Fanyang (繁陽), Lieren (列人), Changle (昌樂), Wu'an (武安), Linshui (臨水), Wei (魏), Pingyi (平邑), Yiyang (易陽), Yuancheng (元城), Chizhang (斥章) and Guixiang (貴鄉), with a total population of 438,024, or 122,613 households.^[5] The commandery was abolished in early Sui dynasty.

In Sui and Tang dynasties, Wei Commandery became an alternative name of Xiang Prefecture (相州, centered around modern-day Anyang) until 742. Afterwards, the name was applied to Wei Prefecture (魏州) to the north of Xiang.^[6]

References

^ Book of Han, Chapter 28.
^ Book of Later Han, Chapter 110.
^ Records of the Three Kingdoms, Chapter 1.
^ Book of Jin, Chapter 14.
^ Book of Wei, Chapter 106.
^ New Book of Tang, Chapter 39.

v t e Provinces and commanderies of the Han dynasty (140 AD)
Sili	Henan Henei Hedong Hongnong Jingzhao Zuopingyi Youfufeng	Han provinces and commanderies in 219 CE
Yu Province	Yingchuan Runan Liang Pei Chen Lu
Ji Province	Wei Julu Changshan Zhongshan Xindu Hejian Qinghe Handan Bohai
Yan Province	Chenliu Dong Dongping Rencheng Taishan Jibei Shanyang Jiyin
Xu Province	Donghai Langya Pengcheng Guangling Linhuai
Qing Province	Jinan Pingyuan Le'an Beihai Donglai Qi
Jing Province	Nanyang Nan Jiangxia Lingling Guiyang Wuling Changsha
Yang Province	Jiujiang Danyang Lujiang Kuaiji Wu Yuzhang
Yi Province	Hanzhong Ba Guanghan Shu Jianwei Zangke Yuexi Yizhou Yongchang
Liang Province	Longxi Hanyang Wudu Jincheng Anding Wuwei Zhangye Jiuquan Dunhuang
Bing Province	Shangdang Taiyuan Xihe Yunzhong Dingxiang Yanmen
Shuofang Province	Shuofang Wuyuan Shang Xihe Beidi
You Province	Zhuo Guangyang Dai Shanggu Yuyang Youbeiping Liaoxi Liaodong Xuantu Lelang
Jiaozhi Province	Nanhai Cangwu Yulin Hepu Jiaozhi Jiuzhen Rinan
Full list (202 BC – 220 AD)

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