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Western sandpiper


Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)^[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Charadriiformes
Family:	Scolopacidae
Genus:	Calidris
Species:	C. mauri
Binomial name
*Calidris mauri* (Cabanis, 1857)

Synonyms
Ereunetes mauri Erolia mauri

The western sandpiper (Calidris mauri) is a small shorebird. The genus name is from Ancient Greek kalidris or skalidris, a term used by Aristotle for some grey-coloured waterside birds. The specific mauri commemorates Italian botanist Ernesto Mauri (1791–1836).^[2]

This is one of the most abundant shorebird species in North America, with a population in the millions.

Description

Adults have dark legs and a short, thin, dark bill, thinner at the tip. The body is brown on top and white underneath. They are reddish-brown on the crown. This bird can be difficult to distinguish from other similar tiny shorebirds, especially the semipalmated sandpiper. This is particularly the case in winter plumage, when both species are plain gray. The western sandpiper acquires winter plumage much earlier in the autumn than the semipalmated sandpiper.

Measurements:^[3]

Length: 5.5–6.7 in (14–17 cm)
Weight: 0.8–1.2 oz (22–35 g)
Wingspan: 13.8–14.6 in (35–37 cm)

Breeding

Their breeding habitat is tundra in eastern Siberia and Alaska. They nest on the ground usually under some vegetation. The male makes several scrapes; the female selects one and lays four eggs. Both parents incubate and care for dependent young, who feed themselves. Sometimes the female deserts her mate and brood prior to offspring fledging.

Migration

They migrate to both coasts of North America and South America, as well as the Caribbean. It is a very rare vagrant to western Europe.

Diet

These birds forage on mudflats during migration and the non-breeding season by probing or picking up food by sight. Foraging occurs on tundra and wet meadows during the breeding season. They had been thought to mainly eat insects, spiders, small crustaceans, mollusks, polychaete worms, and seeds,^[4] but are now known to heavily graze on biofilm from the surface of intertidal mudflats.

References

^ BirdLife International (2016). "Calidris mauri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22693376A93401409. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22693376A93401409.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
^ Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 84, 243. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
^ "Western Sandpiper Identification, All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology". www.allaboutbirds.org. Retrieved 2020-09-27.
^ "Calidris mauri (Western sandpiper)". Animal Diversity Web.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Calidris mauri.

Environment Canada page
An online identification article covering this species and other small calidrids
Western sandpiper species account – Cornell Lab of Ornithology
Western sandpiper – Calidris mauri – USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter
Photo of a western sandpiper

Sandpipers (family: Scolopacidae)

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Charadriiformes

Scolopacidae (Numeniinae–Limosinae–Arenariinae)

Numeniinae

Bartramia	Upland sandpiper (B. longicauda)
Numenius (Curlews)	Long-billed curlew (N. americanus) Eurasian curlew (N. arquata) Eskimo curlew (N. borealis) Hudsonian whimbrel (N. hudsonicus) Far Eastern curlew (N. madagascariensis) Little curlew (N. minutus) Eurasian whimbrel (N. phaeopus) Bristle-thighed curlew (N. tahitiensis) Slender-billed curlew (N. tenuirostris)

Limosinae

Limosa (Godwits)	Marbled godwit (L. fedoa) Hudsonian godwit (L. haemastica) Bar-tailed godwit (L. lapponica) Black-tailed godwit (L. limosa)

Arenariinae

Arenaria (Turnstones)	Ruddy turnstone (A. interpres) Black turnstone (A. melanocephala)
Prosobonia	Tuamotu sandpiper (P. parvirostris) Henderson sandpiper (P. sauli)
Calidris	Sharp-tailed sandpiper (C. acuminata) Sanderling (C. alba) Dunlin (C. alpina) Baird's sandpiper (C. bairdii) Red knot (C. canutus) Broad-billed sandpiper (C. falcinellus) Curlew sandpiper (C. ferruginea) White-rumped sandpiper (C. fuscicollis) Stilt sandpiper (C. himantopus) Purple sandpiper (C. maritima) Western sandpiper (C. mauri) Pectoral sandpiper (C. melanotos) Little stint (C. minuta) Least sandpiper (C. minutilla) Rock sandpiper (C. ptilocnemis) Ruff (C. pugnax) Semipalmated sandpiper (C. pusilla) Spoon-billed sandpiper (C. pygmaea) Red-necked stint (C. ruficollis) Long-toed stint (C. subminuta) Buff-breasted sandpiper (C. subruficollis) Temminck's stint (C. temminckii) Great knot (C. tenuirostris) Surfbird (C. virgata)

Scolopacidae (Tringinae–Scolopacinae)

Tringinae

Xenus	Terek sandpiper (X. cinereus)
Phalaropus (Phalaropes)	Red phalarope (P. fulicarius) Red-necked phalarope (P. lobatus) Wilson's phalarope (P. tricolor)
Actitis	Common sandpiper (A. hypoleucos) Spotted sandpiper (A. macularia)
Tringa	Grey-tailed tattler (T. brevipes) Spotted redshank (T. erythropus) Lesser yellowlegs (T. flavipes) Wood sandpiper (T. glareola) Nordmann's greenshank (T. guttifer) Wandering tattler (T. incana) Greater yellowlegs (T. melanoleuca) Common greenshank (T. nebularia) Green sandpiper (T. ochropus) Willet (T. semipalmata) Solitary sandpiper (T. solitaria) Marsh sandpiper (T. stagnatilis) Common redshank (T. totanus)

Scolopacinae

Lymnocryptes	Jack snipe (L. minimus)
Limnodromus (Dowitchers)	Short-billed dowitcher (L. griseus) Long-billed dowitcher (L. scolopaceus) Asian dowitcher (L. semipalmatus)
Scolopax (Woodcocks)	Bukidnon woodcock (S. bukidnonensis) Sulawesi woodcock (S. celebensis) American woodcock (S. minor) Amami woodcock (S. mira) Moluccan woodcock (S. rochussenii) New Guinea woodcock (S. rosenbergii) Eurasian woodcock (S. rusticola) Javan woodcock (S. saturata)
Coenocorypha	Subantarctic snipe (C. aucklandica) Snares snipe (C. huegeli) Chatham snipe (C. pusilla)
Gallinago (Snipes)	Puna snipe (G. andina) Wilson's snipe (G. delicata) Common snipe (G. gallinago) Latham's snipe (G. hardwickii) Imperial snipe (G. imperialis) Jameson's snipe (G. jamesoni) Madagascar snipe (G. macrodactyla) Great snipe (G. media) Swinhoe's snipe (G. megala) Wood snipe (G. nemoricola) African snipe (G. nigripennis) Noble snipe (G. nobilis) South American snipe (G. paraguaiae) Solitary snipe (G. solitaria) Pin-tailed snipe (G. stenura) Fuegian snipe (G. stricklandii) Giant snipe (G. undulata)

Based on Boyd (2019).

Taxon identifiers

Calidris mauri

Wikidata: Q488341
Wikispecies: Calidris mauri
ABA: wessan
ADW: Calidris_mauri
Avibase: 01060BFDFF0D9D28
BirdLife: 22693376
BOLD: 10173
BOW: wessan
CoL: PK4B
eBird: wessan
EUNIS: 100822
EURING: 4990
Fauna Europaea: 96797
Fauna Europaea (new): 6cdf639e-aa2f-414b-8203-67b123788a4f
GBIF: 2481742
GNAB: western-sandpiper
iNaturalist: 3855
IRMNG: 10193485
ITIS: 176668
IUCN: 22693376
NatureServe: 2.104028
NBN: NBNSYS0000000330
NCBI: 279941
Neotropical: wessan
NZBO: western-sandpiper
NZOR: c8adb08a-2460-4446-9e0f-8466c53b0d02
Observation.org: 72928
OBIS: 366588
ODNR: western-sandpiper
Open Tree of Life: 234671
Paleobiology Database: 369401
SeaLifeBase: 155059
WoRMS: 366588
Xeno-canto: Calidris-mauri

Ereunetes mauri

Wikidata: Q109578155
GBIF: 7796839

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