Wilhelm, Duke of Oldenburg

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Wilhelm, Duke of Oldenburg - Wikipedia

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William I

Duke of Oldenburg

Reign

6 July 1785 –2 July 1823

Predecessor

Frederick Augustus I

Successor

Peter I

Born

3 January 1754
Eutin, Prince-bishopric of Lübeck

Died

2 July 1823 (aged 69)
Schloss Plön, Plön, Duchy of Holstein

Names
German: Peter Friedrich Wilhelm

House

House of Holstein-Gottorp

Father

Frederick August I, Duke of Oldenburg

Mother

Princess Ulrike Friederike Wilhelmine of Hesse-Kassel

Peter Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Oldenburg^{[citation needed]} (3 January 1754 in Eutin Castle, Eutin^{[citation needed]} – 2 July 1823 in Schloss Plön, Plön.^{[citation needed]}) was a ruling Duke of Oldenburg from 1784 to his death.

Life

Wilhelm was the son of Frederick Augustus I, Duke of Oldenburg and Princess Ulrike Friederike Wilhelmine of Hesse-Kassel.^{[citation needed]}

He succeeded his father,^{[citation needed]} Frederick Augustus I, Duke of Oldenburg as the Duke of Oldenburg in 1785.^{[citation needed]}

Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign.

In October 1799, his sister the Swedish Princess Charlotte, later Queen of Sweden, met him in Lübeck on her journey back to Sweden. She described the meeting between them in her famous journal:

"Here we had arranged for a meeting with my brother. It was a great joy for me to meet him but heart breaking to find him so saddened and in such a difficult position. [...] My cousin the Prince-Bishop of Lübeck visited and stayed for dinner. I do not know his intentions toward my brother but I hope for the best. He is sadly not in good hands and is treated quite badly by his courtiers. In this the Prince-Bishop cannot interfere, as the matter is in the hands of the Russian and Danish courts."^[1]

In a letter to her sister-in-law Sophia Albertina of Sweden, she described his condition:

"Sometimes he does appear to be distant and peculiar, but sometimes he speak as wise and sensible as any ordinary person and can even make witty remarks. He has a polite manner but he is entirely as a child, speaks of every subject but normally without any context to it and his sensible moments are temporary. He was very conformable with me and I could make him do anything, but his courtiers claims that he can be quite mean, particularly when he does not get what he wants. Between us, dear sister, I was dissatisfied with his courtiers and the prince bishop, whom I met in Lübeck, was not pleased either. If my brother had been treated differently to begin with, he might have been different than he is now. Now it is too late. The only thing left to us is to make his life as comfortable as possible and hope that he is content."^[2]

His title became Grand Duke in 1815, but Wilhelm never used the elevated style. It was not used until 1829 by the son of Wilhelm's cousin and successor, Peter I.^[3]

References

^ Hedvig Elisabet Charlotta, Hedvig Elisabeth Charlottas dagbok. 6, 1797-1799, Norstedt, Stockholm, 1927.p.229
^ Hedvig Elisabet Charlotta, Hedvig Elisabeth Charlottas dagbok. 6, 1797-1799, Norstedt, Stockholm, 1927.s.289
^ Archived March 17, 2006, at the Wayback Machine

Regnal titles
Wilhelm, Duke of Oldenburg House of Holstein-Gottorp Cadet branch of the House of Oldenburg Born: 3 January 1754 Died: 2 July 1823
Preceded by Frederick Augustus I	Duke of Oldenburg 6 July 1785 – 2 July 1823	Succeeded by Peter I

v t e Dukes of Oldenburg
The generations are numbered from the ascension of Frederick August I as Duke of Oldenburg in 1774.
1st Generation	Duke Wilhelm I Grand Duke Peter I
2nd Generation	Grand Duke Augustus I Duke George
3rd Generation	Grand Duke Peter II Duke Elimar* Duke Peter Georgievich
4th Generation	Frederick Augustus II Duke Alexander Petrovich Duke Constantine Petrovich*
5th Generation	Hereditary Grand Duke Nikolaus Duke Peter Alexandrovich
6th Generation	Anton-Günther, Duke of Oldenburg Duke Friedrich August
7th Generation	Christian, Duke of Oldenburg
All Dukes were also by right Princes of Holstein-Gottorp * may have lost his title due to an unequal marriage

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