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Xanthosia candida

Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Apiales
Family:	Apiaceae
Genus:	Xanthosia
Species:	X. candida
Binomial name
*Xanthosia candida* (Benth.) Steud.^[1]
Synonyms^[1]
Leucolaena candida Benth. Xanthosia candida (Benth.) Steud. var. candida Xanthosia hederifolia Benth. Xanthosia sp. Fitzgerald (R.D.Royce 9266)

Xanthosia candida is a low-lying, perennial herb in the family Apiaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has long, slender stems, irregularly toothed or lobed leaves and small white, green or creamy-yellow flowers.

Description

Xanthosia candida is a low-lying perennial herb that typically grows to a height of 50 cm (20 in) and has long, slender, sometimes softly hairy stems. Its leaves vary in shape from broadly egg-shaped with the narrower end towards the base to round or oblong, and are coarsely or irregularly toothed or lobed. The leaves are mostly small, but sometimes up to 25 mm (0.98 in) long, woolly-hairy, especially on the lower surface, but become glabrous as they age. The inflorescence is a small compound umbel with four short rays. The lateral rays have one flower and 3 white, green or creamy-yellow bracts and the central flower without bracts. Flowering occurs from September to December or from January to May.^[2]^[3]

Taxonomy and naming

This species was first formally described in 1837 by George Bentham who gave it the name Leucolaena candida in Enumeratio plantarum quas in Novae Hollandiae ora austro-occidentali ad fluvium Cygnorum et in sinu Regis Georgii collegit Carolus Liber Baro de Hügel from specimens collected by Charles von Hügel near the Swan River.^[4]^[5] In 1841, Ernst Gottlieb von Steudel transferred the species to Xanthosia as X. candida.^[6] The specific epithet (candida) means "becoming pure white".^[7]

Distribution and habitat

Xanthosia candida grows on hills, ridges and rocky outcrops in the Esperance Plains, Jarrah Forest, Swan Coastal Plain and Warren bioregions of south-western Western Australia and is listed as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b "Xanthosia candida". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
^ Bentham, George (1867). Flora Australiensis. Vol. 3. London: Lovell Reeve & Co. pp. 359–360. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Xanthosia candida". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
^ "Leucolaena candida". APNI. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
^ Bentham, George (1837). Enumeratio plantarum quas in Novae Hollandiae ora austro-occidentali ad fluvium Cygnorum et in Sinu Regis Georgii collegit Carolus liber baro de Hügel. p. 55. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
^ "Xanthosia candida". APNI. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
^ William T. Stearn (1992). Botanical Latin. History, grammar, syntax, terminology and vocabulary (4th ed.). Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. p. 381.

Taxon identifiers
Xanthosia candida	Wikidata: Q17141038 APNI: 115580 CoL: 5C89L FloraBase: 6284 GBIF: 6027173 IPNI: 850008-1 Open Tree of Life: 3886658 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850008-1 Tropicos: 100372458 WFO: wfo-0000428748
Leucolaena candida	Wikidata: Q17134133 APNI: 88994 CoL: 6PSZQ GBIF: 3642600 IPNI: 844173-1 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:844173-1 WFO: wfo-0000360807

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