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Zophobas

Zophobas atratus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Coleoptera
Family:	Tenebrionidae
Tribe:	Tenebrionini
Genus:	Zophobas Blanchard, 1845
Species
See text

Zophobas is a genus of beetles in the family Tenebrionidae, the darkling beetles.^[1]^[2] They occur in the Americas, from the Neotropics into southernmost United States.^[2] In Cuba beetles of this genus are known as blind click-beetles.^[3]

Perhaps the best known species is Zophobas morio, synonymously known as Zophobas atratus, a beetle whose larvae are robust mealworms sold as food for pets^[4] such as lizards. The larvae are known commonly as "superworms".^[5] Superworms should not be confused with darkling beetle mealworms sprayed with juvenile hormone.^[6] Studies have found that in the wild the larvae sometimes live in bat guano, and they tend to cannibalize the pupae of their own species.^[7] Researchers have discovered that the larvae can subsist on a diet solely of polystyrene (Styrofoam).^[8]

Species

Species include:^[3]

References

^ "Zophobas Blanchard, 1845". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Genus Zophobas". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
^ ^a ^b Garrido, O. H. and E. Gutierrez. (1994). Variability of Zophobas rugipes Kirsch (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Tenebrioninii) in Cuba. Insecta Mundi. 8(3-4). Paper 284.
^ Rumbos, C I; Athanassiou, C G (1 March 2021). "The superworm, Zophobas morio (Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae): A 'Sleeping Giant' in nutrient sources". Journal of Insect Science. 21 (2). doi:10.1093/jisesa/ieab014. eISSN 1536-2442. PMC 8033247. PMID 33834209.
^ Darkling Beetle and Larva, Zophobas morio. Archived 2016-12-25 at the Wayback Machine Cambridge Butterfly Conservatory.
^ Ichikawa, Toshio; Sakamoto, Hirofumi (2013). "A third type of defensive behavior in the tenebrionid beetle Zophobas atratus pupae". Journal of Insect Science. 13 (33): 1–12. doi:10.1673/031.013.3301. PMC 3735109.
^ Tschinkel, Walter R. (1981). "Larval dispersal and cannibalism in a natural population of Zophobas atratus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)". Animal Behaviour. 29 (4): 990–996. doi:10.1016/S0003-3472(81)80052-8.
^ Yang, Yu; Wang, Jialei; Xia, Mengli (2020). "Biodegradation and mineralization of polystyrene by plastic-eating superworms Zophobas atratus". Science of the Total Environment. 708: 135233. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135233.

Taxon identifiers
Zophobas	Wikidata: Q14852976 Wikispecies: Zophobas BioLib: 314204 BOLD: 204334 BugGuide: 110848 GBIF: 4722162 iNaturalist: 329756 NCBI: 7073 ZooBank: FABD5651-B38C-433A-A740-7A5D728CED9C

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