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  2. Wiktionary
  3. дать
дать

дать

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "dat"

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dati, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dṓˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *dédeh₃ti (“to give”), whence English donate, date and data.

Also cognate with Sanskrit ददाति (dadāti), Sanskrit दान (dāna) and Latin dō.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [datʲ]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -atʲ

Verb

дать • (datʹ) pf (imperfective дава́ть)

  1. to give
    Дай мне холоди́льник! ― Daj mne xolodílʹnik! ― Give me a refrigerator!
    • 1876, Russian Synodal Bible, Mark 6:37:
      Он сказал им в ответ: вы дайте им есть. И сказали Ему: разве нам пойти купить хлеба динариев на двести и дать им есть?
      On skazal im v otvet: vy dajte im jestʹ. I skazali Jemu: razve nam pojti kupitʹ xleba dinarijev na dvesti i datʹ im jestʹ?
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. to let, to allow
    Дай мне порули́ть! ― Daj mne porulítʹ! ― Please allow me to drive!
  3. to organize, to create
    Как э́то ни стра́нно, а мы дади́м настоя́щий Восто́к в иску́сстве. ― Kak éto ni stránno, a my dadím nastojáščij Vostók v iskússtve. ― As strange as it seems, we'll conjure the true Orient in art. -Scriabin
  4. to hit, to strike, to clip, to give it to someone
    Я б ему́ так да́л за э́то! ― Ja b jemú tak dál za éto! ― I'd have given it to him for that!
  5. (idiomatic) to estimate someone's age from their appearance
    На вид ему́ мо́жно бы́ло дать не бо́льше сорока́. ― Na vid jemú móžno býlo datʹ ne bólʹše soroká. ― From his appearance it was impossible to suppose that he was over forty.
    Ско́лько вы мне дади́те лет? ― Skólʹko vy mne dadíte let? ― How old do you think I am?
  6. (slang, figurative) to consent to sex
    А вот нафига́ вчера́ дала́ в пе́рвое же свида́ние? ― A vot nafigá včerá dalá v pérvoje že svidánije? ― And why did you put out yesterday on the first date?

Usage notes

  • Negative forms with не (ne) feature alternative stress on the particle in standard Russian for masculine, neuter and plural forms past tense and past passive short participles: "не́ дал" and "не да́л", "не́ дало" and "не дало́", "не́ дали" and "не да́ли"; "не́ дан" and "не да́н", "не́ дано" and "не дано́", "не́ даны" and "не даны́".

Conjugation

Conjugation of да́ть (class irreg-b/c' perfective transitive)
Note: For declension of participles, see their entries. Adverbial participles are indeclinable.
* Less common.
perfective aspect
infinitive да́ть
dátʹ
participles present tense past tense
active — да́вший
dávšij
passive — да́нный
dánnyj
adverbial — да́в
dáv,
да́вши
dávši
present tense future tense
1st singular (я) — да́м
dám
2nd singular (ты) — да́шь
dášʹ
3rd singular (он/она́/оно́) — да́ст
dást
1st plural (мы) — дади́м
dadím
2nd plural (вы) — дади́те
dadíte
3rd plural (они́) — даду́т
dadút
imperative singular plural
да́й
dáj		 да́йте
dájte
past tense singular plural
(мы/вы/они́)
masculine (я/ты/он) да́л
dál		 да́ли
dáli
feminine (я/ты/она́) дала́
dalá
neuter (оно́) дало́
daló,
да́ло*
dálo*
Pre-reform conjugation of да́ть (class irreg-b/c' perfective transitive)
Note: For declension of participles, see their entries. Adverbial participles are indeclinable.
* Less common.
perfective aspect
infinitive да́ть
dátʹ
participles present tense past tense
active — да́вшій
dávšij
passive — да́нный
dánnyj
adverbial — да́въ
dáv,
да́вши
dávši
present tense future tense
1st singular (я) — да́мъ
dám
2nd singular (ты) — да́шь
dášʹ
3rd singular (он/она́/оно́) — да́стъ
dást
1st plural (мы) — дади́мъ
dadím
2nd plural (вы) — дади́те
dadíte
3rd plural (они́) — даду́тъ
dadút
imperative singular plural
да́й
dáj		 да́йте
dájte
past tense singular plural
(мы/вы/они́)
masculine (я/ты/он) да́лъ
dál		 да́ли
dáli
feminine (я/ты/она́) дала́
dalá
neuter (оно́) дало́
daló,
да́ло*
dálo*

Derived terms

verbs

Descendants

  • → Armenian: տալ (tal) (semantic loan)
  • → Azerbaijani: vermək (semantic loan)
  • → Georgian: მისცემს (miscems) (semantic loan)
Pusat Layanan

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