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  2. Wiktionary
  3. 荼
荼

荼

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: 苶 and 茶
荼 U+837C, 荼
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-837C
← 荻
[U+837B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 荽 →
[U+837D]

Translingual

Han character

荼 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 廿人一木 (TOMD), four-corner 44904, composition ⿱艹余)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1032, character 21
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31008
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1492, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3221, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+837C

Chinese

trad. 荼
simp. # 荼

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 荼
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (余) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
斜 *lja, *laː
茶 *rlaː
荼 *rlaː, *ɦlja, *l'aː
梌 *rlaː, *l̥ʰaː, *l'aː
搽 *rlaː
塗 *rlaː, *l'aː
佘 *ɦlja
賒 *hljaː
畬 *hljaː, *la
舍 *hljaːʔ, *hljaːs
捨 *hljaːʔ
騇 *hljaːʔ, *hljaːs
涻 *hljaːs
稌 *l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰaːʔ
悇 *l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰas, *las
庩 *l̥ʰaː
捈 *l̥ʰaː, *l'aː
途 *l'aː
酴 *l'aː
駼 *l'aː
鵌 *l'aː, *la
涂 *l'aː, *l'a
嵞 *l'aː
峹 *l'aː
筡 *l'aː, *l̥ʰa
蒤 *l'aː
徐 *lja
俆 *lja
敘 *ljaʔ
漵 *ljaʔ
除 *l'a, *l'as
篨 *rla
滁 *rla
蒢 *rla
蜍 *ɦlja, *la
鵨 *hljaː
瑹 *hlja
余 *la
餘 *la
艅 *la
狳 *la
雓 *la
悆 *las

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rlaː, *ɦlja, *l'aː) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 余 (OC *la)

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character 荼 荼 荼
Reading # 3/3 1/3 2/3
Initial (聲) 澄 (11) 定 (7) 船 (27)
Final (韻) 麻 (98) 模 (23) 麻 (100)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division (等) II I III
Fanqie 宅加切 同都切 食遮切
Baxter drae du zyae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɖˠa/ /duo/ /ʑia/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɖᵚa/ /duo/ /ʑia/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȡa/ /do/ /ʑia/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɖaɨ/ /dɔ/ /ʑia/
Li
Rong 		/ȡa/ /do/ /d͡ʑia/
Wang
Li 		/ȡa/ /du/ /d͡ʑĭa/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ȡʱa/ /dʱuo/ /d͡ʑʰi̯a/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		chá tú shé
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		caa4 tou4 se4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 荼
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		chá
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dræ ›
Old
Chinese 		/*lˁra/
English (name of a plant)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 荼 荼 荼
Reading # 1/3 3/3 2/3
No. 15748 15776 15761
Phonetic
component 		余 余 余
Rime
group 		魚 魚 魚
Rime
subdivision 		0 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		𡨀 徒 蛇
Old
Chinese 		/*rlaː/ /*l'aː/ /*ɦlja/

Definitions

荼

  1. a type of bitter vegetable, possibly sow thistle or other plants of Asteraceae
  2. (figurative) pain; suffering
  3. spikes of cogon (or other grasses) with long whitish hair
    如火如荼  ―  rúhuǒrútú  ―  (red) like fire, (white) like cogon spikes
  4. pappus
    • 1803, 程瑤田, 釋草小記:
      芺、薊者……荼卽其華之實所戴者。
      Thistle... The pappus is what its flower's fruit wears.
  5. white
    荼首  ―  túshǒu  ―  hoary head
Usage notes
  • 荼 can refer to one of several types of bitter tasting vegetables. Early Chinese texts are rather vague in their description, which makes it difficult to determine which species it originally referred to.

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 荼 – see 茶 (“tea; tea; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 茶).

Pronunciation 3

Definitions

荼

  1. a surname

Pronunciation 4

Definitions

荼

  1. Only used in 神荼 (Shēnshū).

Compounds

Pronunciation 5

For pronunciation and definitions of 荼 – see 舒 (“to open up; to unfold; to stretch out; to relax; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 舒).

References

Japanese

Kanji

荼

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. Ixeridium dentatum
  2. kanji used to transliterate Buddhist terms borrowed from Sanskrit

Readings

  • Go-on: じゃ (ja)←ぢや (dya, historical)、ど (do)
  • Kan-on: た (ta)、と (to)
  • Kan’yō-on: だ (da)
  • Kun: にがな (nigana, 荼)

Compounds

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

荼: Hán Nôm readings: đồ, dưa, giưa

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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