都
![]() | ||||||||
|
![]() | ||||||||
|
Translingual
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Alternative forms
Note that there are two Unicode z-variants, with code points U+90FD and U+FA26 (the latter is a compatibility variant and contains an extra dot below 耂 in 者).
Han character
都 (Kangxi radical 163, 邑+8 in Chinese, 邑+9 in Japanese, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十日弓中 (JANL), four-corner 47627, composition ⿰者阝)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1274, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39497
- Dae Jaweon: page 1773, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3776, character 7
- Unihan data for U+90FD
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
都 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 𨜞 𨛷 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 都 | |
---|---|
Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
![]() |
![]() |
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
觰 | *rtaːʔ, *rtaː |
諸 | *tjaː, *tja |
者 | *tjaːʔ |
堵 | *tjaːʔ, *taːʔ |
赭 | *tjaːʔ |
撦 | *l̥ʰjaːʔ |
扯 | *tʰjaːʔ |
闍 | *djaː, *taː |
奢 | *hljaː |
鍺 | *toːlʔ |
都 | *taː |
醏 | *taː |
覩 | *taːʔ |
睹 | *taːʔ |
暏 | *taːʔ |
賭 | *taːʔ |
帾 | *taːʔ |
楮 | *taːʔ, *tʰaʔ |
屠 | *daː, *da |
瘏 | *daː |
廜 | *daː |
鷵 | *daː |
緒 | *ljaʔ |
豬 | *ta |
猪 | *ta |
瀦 | *ta |
藸 | *ta, *da |
櫫 | *ta |
褚 | *taʔ, *tʰaʔ |
著 | *taʔ, *tas, *da, *taɡ, *daɡ |
箸 | *tas, *das |
儲 | *da |
躇 | *da |
櫧 | *tja |
藷 | *tja, *djas |
蠩 | *tja |
煮 | *tjaʔ |
渚 | *tjaʔ |
煑 | *tjaʔ |
陼 | *tjaʔ |
翥 | *tjas |
署 | *djas |
薯 | *djas |
曙 | *djas |
書 | *hlja |
暑 | *hjaʔ |
鐯 | *taɡ |
擆 | *taɡ |
櫡 | *taɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *taː) : phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ) + semantic 邑 (“town, city”).
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): du1
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): du1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): du1
- Northern Min (KCR): dú
- Eastern Min (BUC): dŭ
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 1tu / 1tou
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): dou1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: du
- Wade–Giles: tu1
- Yale: dū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: du
- Palladius: ду (du)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: du1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: du
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: dou1
- Yale: dōu
- Cantonese Pinyin: dou1
- Guangdong Romanization: dou1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tou̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: u1
- Sinological IPA (key): /u³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: du1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tû
- Hakka Romanization System: duˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: du1
- Sinological IPA: /tu²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: du1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /tu¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dú
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dŭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: dou1
- Sinological IPA (key): /təu̯³³/
- (Changsha)
- Middle Chinese: tu
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤa/
- (Zhengzhang): /*taː/
Definitions
都
- metropolis; large city
- 都市 ― dūshì ― metropolis; major city
- capital; capital city
- 都城 ― dūchéng ― capital
- (literary) to make a place the capital city; to establish a capital
- 帝王所都為中,故曰中國。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Liu Xi (劉熈), quoted in 5th century, 《史記集解》Records of the Grand Historian - Collected Explanations by Pei Yin (裴駰)
- Dìwáng suǒdōu wèi zhōng, gù yuē zhōngguó. [Pinyin]
- Where emperors and kings make to be the capital is taken as the centre, hence the appellation the central region.
帝王所都为中,故曰中国。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (obsolete) graceful; elegant
- a surname. Du
Synonyms
- (metropolis):
Compounds
- 七都 (Qīdū)
- 上都 (Shàngdū)
- 下都
- 三都賦/三都赋
- 不賢都頭/不贤都头
- 中都 (zhōngdū)
- 京都 (jīngdū)
- 伐子都
- 兩都/两都
- 兩都賦/两都赋
- 八旗都統/八旗都统
- 八都
- 八都兒/八都儿
- 八都魯/八都鲁
- 加德滿都/加德满都 (Jiādémǎndū)
- 南都
- 古都 (gǔdū)
- 吁咈都俞
- 名都 (Míngdū)
- 吳都/吴都
- 嘓都嘓都/啯都啯都
- 嘴盧都/嘴卢都
- 國都/国都 (guódū)
- 大都
- 大都來/大都来
- 大都會/大都会 (dàdūhuì)
- 大都會區/大都会区
- 大都護/大都护
- 天都
- 奠都 (diàndū)
- 奧古斯都/奥古斯都 (Àogǔsīdū)
- 子都
- 宏都拉斯 (Hóngdūlāsī)
- 定都 (dìngdū)
- 宜都 (Yídū)
- 巴都兒/巴都儿
- 帝都 (dìdū)
- 幽都 (yōudū)
- 店都知
- 建都 (jiàndū)
- 成都平原 (Chéngdū Píngyuán)
- 成都賣卜/成都卖卜
- 打都磨子
- 把都兒/把都儿
- 拔都 (bádū)
- 拔都魯/拔都鲁
- 故都 (gùdū)
- 曾都 (Zēngdū)
- 東都/东都 (dōngdū)
- 松都 (Sōngdū)
- 棉都
- 水都 (shuǐdū)
- 海上都市
- 深都 (Shēndū)
- 清都
- 港都
- 滴修都速
- 滴羞都蘇/滴羞都苏
- 煤都
- 玄都
- 班都斯山
- 皇都
- 研京練都/研京练都
- 老都爺/老都爷
- 自治都市
- 興都斯坦/兴都斯坦 (Xīngdūsītǎn)
- 舊都/旧都 (jiùdū)
- 花都 (Huādū)
- 行都
- 衛星都市/卫星都市 (wèixīng dūshì)
- 西都 (xīdū)
- 西都賦/西都赋
- 谷都
- 通都大邑
- 遷都/迁都 (qiāndū)
- 還都/还都 (huándū)
- 郢都
- 郫都 (Pídū)
- 都中
- 都亭 (dūtíng)
- 都人士
- 都來/都来
- 都保
- 都俞吁咈
- 都嚕/都噜
- 都坑
- 都城 (dūchéng)
- 都大
- 都子
- 都寺
- 都市 (dūshì)
- 都市之肺
- 都市化 (dūshìhuà)
- 都市家具
- 都市病 (dūshìbìng)
- 都市計畫/都市计画
- 都府
- 都把勢/都把势
- 都抹
- 都料匠
- 都會/都会 (dūhuì)
- 都會區/都会区 (dūhuìqū)
- 都會文學/都会文学
- 都柏林 (Dūbólín)
- 都根主兒/都根主儿
- 都江堰 (Dūjiāngyàn)
- 都督
- 都管
- 都纂
- 都試/都试
- 都講/都讲
- 都護/都护 (dūhù)
- 都轄/都辖
- 都邑 (dūyì)
- 都都摸摸
- 都都磨磨
- 都鄙
- 都鄙有章
- 都鎮灣/都镇湾 (Dūzhènwān)
- 都門/都门 (dūmén)
- 都雅
- 都頭/都头
- 都馬調/都马调
- 都鬼
- 酆都 (Fēngdū)
- 金都
- 鎳都/镍都 (Nièdū)
- 鐵都/铁都
- 關都尉/关都尉
- 陪都 (péidū)
- 雙核都市/双核都市
- 霸都魯/霸都鲁
- 首都 (shǒudū)
- 駙馬都尉/驸马都尉
- 骨都
- 骨都兒/骨都儿
- 骨都都
- 鴻都/鸿都 (Hóngdū)
- 麗都/丽都 (lìdū)
Descendants
Etymology 2
Colloquial form of 諸 (OC *tja, “all”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): dou1
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ду (du, I)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): du1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): du1
- Northern Min (KCR): dú
- Eastern Min (BUC): dŭ
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1tu
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): dou1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄡ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dou
- Wade–Giles: tou1
- Yale: dōu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dou
- Palladius: доу (dou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /toʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: du
- Wade–Giles: tu1
- Yale: dū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: du
- Palladius: ду (du)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: dou1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: dou
- Sinological IPA (key): /təu⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ду (du, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tou²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Chengdu)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: dou1 / du1
- Yale: dōu / dū
- Cantonese Pinyin: dou1 / du1
- Guangdong Romanization: dou1 / du1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tou̯⁵⁵/, /tuː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: u1 / du2
- Sinological IPA (key): /u³³/, /tu⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: du1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tu
- Hakka Romanization System: du
- Hagfa Pinyim: du4
- Sinological IPA: /tu⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tu / tû / lû
- Hakka Romanization System: du / duˊ / luˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: du4 / du1 / lu1
- Sinological IPA: /tu⁵⁵/, /tu²⁴/, /lu²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: du1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /tu¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dú
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dŭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: to͘
- Tâi-lô: too
- Phofsit Daibuun: dof
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ³³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tɔ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: to
- Tâi-lô: to
- Phofsit Daibuun: doy
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /to⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: dou1 / do1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tou / to
- Sinological IPA (key): /tou³³/, /to³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: dou1
- Sinological IPA (key): /təu̯³³/
- (Changsha)
Definitions
都
- all; both (used to indicate that the statement is true for every subject or object); or the entirety of something
- (emphasis on subject) even
- (emphasis on object) even, interchangeable with 也 (yě)
- (emphasis on verb, in the negative) at all
- already
- (Cantonese) as well; also; too
- 我都好好。 [Guangzhou Cantonese] ― ngo5 dou1 hou2 hou2. [Jyutping] ― I'm fine too.
- (Cantonese) still; anyways; nevertheless
Usage notes
- When negating 都, the placement of 不 (bù) is important.
- 不都: not all, not everyone.
- 都不: none, no one
Synonyms
Compounds
- 下都
- 上都 (Shàngdū)
- 三都賦/三都赋
- 不賢都頭/不贤都头
- 中都 (zhōngdū)
- 京都 (jīngdū)
- 伐子都
- 兩都/两都
- 兩都賦/两都赋
- 八旗都統/八旗都统
- 八都
- 八都兒/八都儿
- 八都魯/八都鲁
- 加德滿都/加德满都 (Jiādémǎndū)
- 南都
- 古都 (gǔdū)
- 吁咈都俞
- 名都 (Míngdū)
- 吳都/吴都
- 嘓都嘓都/啯都啯都
- 嘴盧都/嘴卢都
- 國都/国都 (guódū)
- 大都
- 大都來/大都来
- 大都會/大都会 (dàdūhuì)
- 大都會區/大都会区
- 大都護/大都护
- 天都
- 奠都 (diàndū)
- 奧古斯都/奥古斯都 (Àogǔsīdū)
- 子都
- 宏都拉斯 (Hóngdūlāsī)
- 定都 (dìngdū)
- 巴都兒/巴都儿
- 帝都 (dìdū)
- 幽都 (yōudū)
- 店都知
- 建都 (jiàndū)
- 成都平原 (Chéngdū Píngyuán)
- 成都賣卜/成都卖卜
- 打都磨子
- 把都兒/把都儿
- 拔都 (bádū)
- 拔都魯/拔都鲁
- 故都 (gùdū)
- 東都/东都 (dōngdū)
- 棉都
- 水都 (shuǐdū)
- 海上都市
- 清都
- 港都
- 滴修都速
- 滴羞都蘇/滴羞都苏
- 煤都
- 玄都
- 班都斯山
- 皇都
- 研京練都/研京练都
- 老都爺/老都爷
- 臉都綠了/脸都绿了
- 自治都市
- 興都斯坦/兴都斯坦 (Xīngdūsītǎn)
- 舊都/旧都 (jiùdū)
- 花都 (Huādū)
- 行都
- 衛星都市/卫星都市 (wèixīng dūshì)
- 西都 (xīdū)
- 西都賦/西都赋
- 谷都
- 通都大邑
- 遷都/迁都 (qiāndū)
- 還都/还都 (huándū)
- 郢都
- 都中
- 都人士
- 都來/都来
- 都保
- 都俞吁咈
- 都嚕/都噜
- 都坑
- 都城 (dūchéng)
- 都大
- 都子
- 都寺
- 都市 (dūshì)
- 都市之肺
- 都市化 (dūshìhuà)
- 都市家具
- 都市病 (dūshìbìng)
- 都市計畫/都市计画
- 都府
- 都把勢/都把势
- 都抹
- 都料匠
- 都會/都会 (dūhuì)
- 都會區/都会区 (dūhuìqū)
- 都會文學/都会文学
- 都柏林 (Dūbólín)
- 都根主兒/都根主儿
- 都江堰 (Dūjiāngyàn)
- 都督
- 都管
- 都纂
- 都試/都试
- 都講/都讲
- 都護/都护 (dūhù)
- 都轄/都辖
- 都邑 (dūyì)
- 都都摸摸
- 都都磨磨
- 都鄙
- 都鄙有章
- 都門/都门 (dūmén)
- 都雅
- 都頭/都头
- 都馬調/都马调
- 都鬼
- 都齊/都齐
- 酆都 (Fēngdū)
- 金都
- 鐵都/铁都
- 關都尉/关都尉
- 陪都 (péidū)
- 雙核都市/双核都市
- 霸都魯/霸都鲁
- 首都 (shǒudū)
- 駙馬都尉/驸马都尉
- 骨都
- 骨都兒/骨都儿
- 骨都都
- 鴻都/鸿都 (Hóngdū)
- 麗都/丽都 (lìdū)
Etymology 3
For pronunciation and definitions of 都 – see 嘟 (“to pout; to pucker up; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 嘟). |
Notes:
|
Japanese
Shinjitai | 都 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
都 都 or 都+ ︀ ?
|
![]() |
都󠄀 都+ 󠄀 ?(Adobe-Japan1) | ||
都󠄃 都+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
(Third grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 都)
Readings
- Go-on: つ (tsu, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: と (to, Jōyō)
- Kun: みやこ (miyako, 都, Jōyō); いち (ichi, 都); あつまる (atsumaru, 都まる); あつめる (atsumeru, 都める)←あつむ (atumu, 都む, historical); すべて (subete, 都て); すべる (suberu, 都べる)
- Nanori: いち (ichi); くに (kuni); さと (sato); ひろ (hiro); みやこ (miyako)
Compounds
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
都 |
みやこ Grade: 3 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
---|
都 (kyūjitai) 京 京都 |
⟨mi1yako1⟩ → */mʲijakʷo/ → /mijako/
From Old Japanese, a compound of 宮 (miya, “imperial palace”) + 処 (ko, “place”).
Pronunciation
Noun
- (archaic) the place of residence of the emperor
- (by extension) a capital city
- (by extension) a capital (most important city in the field specified)
- (shogi, colloquial) Short for 都詰め (miyakozume): moving the 王将 (ōshō)/玉将 (gyokushō, “king”) to the center of the board with other pieces close together
Derived terms
- 都遊び (miyakoasobi)
- 都出で (miyakoide)
- 都入り (miyakoiri)
- 都移し (miyakōtsushi), 都遷し (miyakōtsushi)
- 都移り (miyakōtsuri), 都遷り (miyakōtsuri)
- 都瓜 (miyakōri)
- 都落ち (miyakōchi)
- 都顔 (miyakogao)
- 都形 (miyako-gata)
- 都見物 (miyako kenbutsu)
- 都草 (miyakogusa)
- 都女郎 (miyako jorō)
- 都上臈 (miyako jōrō)
- 都育ち (miyakosodachi)
- 都染め (miyakozome)
- 都詰め (miyakozume)
- 都道者 (miyako dōsha)
- 都鳥 (miyakodori)
- 都上り (miyakonobori)
- 都柱 (miyakobashira)
- 都人 (miyakobito)
- 都びる (miyakobiru)
- 海の都 (umi no miyako)
- 梅の都 (ume no miyako)
- 桂の都 (katsura no miyako)
- 国つ都 (kuni tsu miyako)
- 雲の都 (kumo no miyako)
- 志賀の都 (Shiga no miyako)
- 寂光の都 (jakkō no miyako)
- 多気の都 (Take no miyako)
- 龍の都 (tatsu no miyako)
- 玉の都 (tama no miyako)
- 月の都 (tsuki no miyako)
- 奈良の都 (Nara no miyako)
- 花の都 (hana no miyako)
- 鄙の都 (hina no miyako)
Proverbs
- 住めば都 (sumeba miyako)
Descendants
Proper noun
- a placename
- a surname
- a female given name
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
都 |
と Grade: 3 |
kan'on |
Alternative spelling |
---|
都 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 都 (MC tu).
Pronunciation
Noun
- a capital city
- a city, metropolis
- Short for 東京都 (Tōkyō-to): the capital prefecture of Tokyo
Derived terms
Affix
Counter
- counter for metropolis prefectures
Usage notes
- Since 東京都 (Tōkyō-to) is the only prefecture with 都 (-to), the counter only appears as 一都 (itto). It combines with the other prefecture counters 県 (-ken), 道 (-dō) and 府 (-fu) to count prefectures of mixed types.
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
---|
都 |
つ Grade: 3 |
goon |
Alternative spelling |
---|
都 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 都 (MC tu).
Affix
Derived terms
References
Korean
Hanja
- hanja form? of 도 (“capital city”)
- hanja form? of 도 (“all, the whole”)
- hanja form? of 도 (“elegant, refined”)
Compounds
Okinawan
Kanji
(Third grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 都)
Readings
Compounds
Old Japanese
Alternative forms
Etymology
Originally a compound of 宮 (mi1ya, “palace”) and an uncertain こ (ko1) referring to a place.
- The ko is possibly 処 (ko2, affix indicating location), according to most dictionaries. However, poems in the Man'yōshū attest overwhelming phonetic usage of ⟨ko1⟩ instead of ⟨ko2⟩. There has likely been a vowel assimilation; it accounts for a form of this affix く (ku, place) (e.g. いづく (iduku, “where”)) (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?).
- Alternatively, the ko might be from 子 (-ko1, diminutive suffix), as some Man'yōshū poems use the 宮子 reading.
Noun
都 (mi1yako1) (kana みやこ)
- the place of residence of the emperor, especially a temporary lodging in which the emperor stays during an imperial visit
- (by extension) a capital city
Derived terms
- 奈良の都 (Nara no2 mi1yako1)
Descendants
- Japanese: 都 (miyako)
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
- Character boxes with images
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- CJK Compatibility Ideographs block
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Cantonese terms with audio links
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Sichuanese hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Taishanese hanzi
- Gan hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Jin hanzi
- Northern Min hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Xiang hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Sichuanese nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Taishanese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Old Chinese nouns
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Sichuanese verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Taishanese verbs
- Gan verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Jin verbs
- Northern Min verbs
- Eastern Min verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Wu verbs
- Xiang verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Old Chinese verbs
- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Sichuanese adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Taishanese adjectives
- Gan adjectives
- Hakka adjectives
- Jin adjectives
- Northern Min adjectives
- Eastern Min adjectives
- Hokkien adjectives
- Teochew adjectives
- Wu adjectives
- Xiang adjectives
- Middle Chinese adjectives
- Old Chinese adjectives
- Chinese proper nouns
- Mandarin proper nouns
- Sichuanese proper nouns
- Cantonese proper nouns
- Taishanese proper nouns
- Gan proper nouns
- Hakka proper nouns
- Jin proper nouns
- Northern Min proper nouns
- Eastern Min proper nouns
- Hokkien proper nouns
- Teochew proper nouns
- Wu proper nouns
- Xiang proper nouns
- Middle Chinese proper nouns
- Old Chinese proper nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 都
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Chinese literary terms
- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
- Chinese terms with obsolete senses
- Chinese surnames
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations
- Dungan lemmas
- Dungan hanzi
- Chinese adverbs
- Mandarin adverbs
- Sichuanese adverbs
- Dungan adverbs
- Cantonese adverbs
- Taishanese adverbs
- Gan adverbs
- Hakka adverbs
- Jin adverbs
- Northern Min adverbs
- Eastern Min adverbs
- Hokkien adverbs
- Teochew adverbs
- Wu adverbs
- Xiang adverbs
- Cantonese terms with usage examples
- Cantonese Chinese
- Chinese simplified forms
- Beginning Mandarin
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese third grade kanji
- Japanese kyōiku kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading つ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading と
- Japanese kanji with kun reading みやこ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading いち
- Japanese kanji with kun reading あつ・まる
- Japanese kanji with kun reading あつ・める
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading あつ・む
- Japanese kanji with kun reading すべ・て
- Japanese kanji with kun reading す・べる
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading いち
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading くに
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading さと
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ひろ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading みやこ
- Japanese terms spelled with 都 read as みやこ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese compound terms
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 都
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese terms with archaic senses
- ja:Shogi
- Japanese colloquialisms
- Japanese short forms
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese surnames
- Japanese given names
- Japanese female given names
- Japanese terms spelled with 都 read as と
- Japanese terms read with kan'on
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese affixes
- Japanese counters
- Japanese terms spelled with 都 read as つ
- Japanese terms read with goon
- ja:Administrative divisions
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Korean hanja forms
- Okinawan kanji
- Okinawan third grade kanji
- Okinawan kyōiku kanji
- Okinawan jōyō kanji
- Okinawan kanji with on reading ち
- Okinawan kanji with on reading とぅ
- Old Japanese compound terms
- Old Japanese lemmas
- Old Japanese nouns
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters