釐

See also: 厘

釐	U+91D0, 釐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91D0

← 量
[U+91CF]

CJK Unified Ideographs

金 →
[U+91D1]

Translingual

Han character

釐 (Kangxi radical 166, 里+11, 18 strokes, cangjie input 十大一田土 (JKMWG), four-corner 5821₄, composition ⿸𠩺里)

Derived characters

𧄚

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1292, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40146
Dae Jaweon: page 1795, character 9
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3684, character 7
Unihan data for U+91D0

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 釐
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (釐) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
犛	rɯː, rɯ, maːw, mraːw
釐	*rɯ
嫠	*rɯ
剺	*rɯ
孷	*rɯ
漦	*sɦrɯ
氂	rɯ, maːw

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯ) : phonetic 𠩺 () + semantic 里.

Pronunciation 1

trad.		釐/厘^*
simp.		厘^*
alternative forms		𨤺 ancient

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): lí (li²)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ni²
Cantonese (Jyutping): lei⁴ / lei^4-1
Jin (Wiktionary): li¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): lî

(Teochew, Peng'im): li⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lí
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lí
  - Wade–Giles: li²
  - Yale: lí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: li
  - Palladius: ли (li)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ni²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: li
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: lei⁴ / lei^4-1
  - Yale: lèih / lēi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lei⁴ / lei^4-1
  - Guangdong Romanization: léi⁴ / léi^4-1
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lei̯²¹/, /lei̯²¹⁻⁵⁵/

Note: lei4-1 - alternative pronunciation for unit of interest.

Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: li¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /li¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lî
  - Tâi-lô: lî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lii
  - IPA (Xiamen): /li²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /li²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /li¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /li²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /li²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: li⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lî
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: li

Rime
Character	釐
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	里之切
Baxter	li
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɨ/
Pan Wuyun	/lɨ/
Shao Rongfen	/lie/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lɨ/
Li Rong	/liə/
Wang Li	/lĭə/
Bernard Karlgren	/li/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lei⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ə/

(Zhengzhang): /*rɯ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	釐
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lí
Middle Chinese	‹ li ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]ə/
English	regulate, govern
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	釐
Reading #	1/1
No.	7802
Phonetic component	釐
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	釐
Old Chinese	/*rɯ/
Notes	金文象攴擊來麥脫粒，治來來亦聲，而非未聲，來訛未乃轉註加里聲

Definitions

釐

Wikipedia has articles on:

釐 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
centi- (English)
cash (unit) (English)

[from 19th c., officially from 1981 (PRC), 1985 (ROC)] centi- (SI unit prefix)
釐米／厘米 ― límǐ ― centimeter
cash, a unit of weight, equal to one tenth of a 分 (fēn, “candareen”)
0.001 dollars, yuan, etc.; 0.1 cents, fen, etc. (currency unit)
- 1963 March 24, 李峰, ““一厘钱”精神”, in 人民日报‎^[1], People.com.cn web copy edition, archived from the original on 2003-10-04:
  
  一厘钱，最勤俭的家庭也早已不放在眼里 [MSC, simp.]
  一釐錢，最勤儉的家庭也早已不放在眼裡 [MSC, trad.]
  Yī lí qián, zuì qínjiǎn de jiātíng yě zǎoyǐ bù fàng zài yǎn lǐ [Pinyin]
  A tenth of a fen is something that even the most hardworking and frugal family hasn't paid attention to for a long time
- 2006, 刘铮, “发改委:可再生能源附加将要开征每度电收1厘钱”, in 中国证券报‎^[2], People.com.cn web copy edition, archived from the original on 2008-06-12:
  
  发改委 :可再生能源附加将要开征　每度电收 1厘钱 [MSC, simp.]
  發改委 :可再生能源附加將要開徵　每度電收 1釐錢 [MSC, trad.]
  Fāgǎiwěi: kězàishēng néngyuán fùjiā jiāngyào kāizhēng, měi dù diàn shōu 1 lí qián [Pinyin]
  NDRC: Renewable energy surcharge will be levied soon, 0.1 fen will be collected per kilowatt-hour
- 2011, “中国可再生能源电价附加今年或提五成”, in 第一财经‎^[3]:
  
  中国国家电监会价格与财务监管部副主任黄少中昨日表示，针对现行可再生能源附加征收标准偏低，难以满足未来可再生能源项目发展需要，今明两年中国有望将可再生能源电价附加从目前的每千瓦时 4厘钱(0.004元人民币 )增加到 6厘甚至 8厘。 [MSC, simp.]
  中國國家電監會價格與財務監管部副主任黃少中昨日表示，針對現行可再生能源附加徵收標準偏低，難以滿足未來可再生能源項目發展需要，今明兩年中國有望將可再生能源電價附加從目前的每千瓦時 4釐錢(0.004元人民幣 )增加到 6釐甚至 8釐。 [MSC, trad.]
  Zhōngguó Guójiā Diànjiānhuì Jiàgé Yǔ Cáiwù Jiānguǎn Bù Fùzhǔrèn Huáng Shàozhōng zuórì biǎoshì, zhēnduì xiànxíng kězàishēng néngyuán fùjiā zhēngshōu biāozhǔn piān dī, nányǐ mǎnzú wèilái kězàishēng néngyuán xiàngmù fāzhǎn xūyào, jīn míng liǎng nián Zhōngguó yǒuwàng jiāng kězàishēng néngyuán diànjià fùjiā cóng mùqián de měi qiānwǎshí 4 lí qián (0.004 yuán rénmínbì) zēngjiā dào 6 lí shènzhì 8 lí. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 2016, “中国“新电改”一周年：独立输配电价机制初步建立”, in 中国网财经‎^[4], archived from the original on 9 August 2024:
  
  郭继先透露，云南省去年参与市场化交易的320亿千瓦时电量综合平均下来，每千瓦时电价降低了 1 毛零 8厘，为参与交易的企业减轻负担35亿。 [MSC, simp.]
  郭繼先透露，雲南省去年參與市場化交易的320億千瓦時電量綜合平均下來，每千瓦時電價降低了 1 毛零 8釐，為參與交易的企業減輕負擔35億。 [MSC, trad.]
  Guō Jìxiān tòulù, Yúnnán Shěng qùnián cānyù shìchǎnghuà jiāoyì de 320 yì qiānwǎshí diànliàng zōnghé píngjūn xiàlái, měi qiānwǎshí diànjià jiàngdī le 1 máo líng 8 lí, wèi cānyù jiāoyì de qǐyè jiǎnqīng fùdān 35 yì. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
unit of monthly interest (0.01%), unit of annual interest (1%)
年息兩釐／年息两厘 [Cantonese] ― nin⁴ sik¹ loeng⁵ lei^4-1 [Jyutping] ― annual interest rate of 2%
Alternative form of 嫠 (lí)

Compounds

Descendants

→ Thai: หลี (hlǐi, “a unit of length and weight”)

Pronunciation 2

trad.		釐
simp. ^#		釐

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xī, xǐ (xi¹, xi³)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ, ㄒㄧˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hei¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xī
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: si
  - Wade–Giles: hsi¹
  - Yale: syī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
  - Palladius: си (si)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sǐ
  - Wade–Giles: hsi³
  - Yale: syǐ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shii
  - Palladius: си (si)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: hei¹
  - Yale: hēi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hei¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: héi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hei̯⁵⁵/

Definitions

釐

Alternative form of 禧 (xǐ, “auspicious; lucky”)
a surname

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

釐

(Hyōgai kanji)

few
one tenth of a bu

Readings

Go-on: り (ri)
Kan-on: り (ri)
Kan’yō-on: りん (rin)
On: き (ki)、らい (rai)
Kun: おさめる (osameru, 釐める)^{←をさめる (wosameru, 釐める, historical)}、さいわい (saiwai, 釐い)^{←さいはひ (saifafi, 釐ひ, historical)}

Korean

Etymology 1

Hanja

釐 (eumhun 고칠 리 (gochil ri), word-initial (South Korea) 고칠 이 (gochil i))

manage, control
1/1000 of a foot

Etymology 2

Hanja

釐 (eumhun 제육 희 (jeyuk hui))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 3

Hanja

釐 (eumhun 보리 래 (bori rae), word-initial (South Korea) 보리 내 (bori nae))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

釐: Hán Nôm readings: li, ly

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

SI prefix
Last		Next
分	釐	毫 (háo)

Chinese historical small numbers
Value	Character	Notes
10^-1	分 (fèn)	Still in use. SI prefix deci-.
10^-2	厘 (lí), 釐 (lí)	Still in use. SI prefix centi-.
10^-3	毫 (háo)	Still in use. SI prefix milli-. Also 毛 (máo).
10^-4	絲／丝 (sī)	Rarely used today.
10^-4	秒 (miǎo)	Obsolete, only in ancient texts.
10^-5	忽 (hū)	Rarely used today.
10^-6	微 (wēi)	Still in use. SI prefix micro-.
10^-7	纖／纤 (xiān)	Obsolete.
10^-8	沙 (shā)	Obsolete.
10^-9	塵／尘 (chén)	Obsolete. 納／纳 (nà) and 奈 (nài) are used for nano-.
10^-10	埃 (āi)	Obsolete. In modern use, the character for angstrom (10^-10 m).
10^-11	渺 (miǎo)	Obsolete.
10^-12	漠 (mò)	Obsolete. 皮 (pí) is used for SI prefix pico-.