lake
English
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Glarus_Kloentalersee.jpg/220px-Glarus_Kloentalersee.jpg)
Arose from a conflation of the form of inherited Middle English lake (“small stream of running water, pool, lake”) with Middle English lac (“lake”), from Old French lac (“lake”) or Latin lacus (“lake, basin, tank”), see lac. The former, lake (“stream, pool, lake”), is inherited from Old English lacu (“stream, pool, expanse of water, lake”), from Proto-West Germanic *laku, from Proto-Germanic *lakō (“stream, pool, water aggregation”), ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *leg- (“to leak, drain”). It is related to Dutch laak (“stream, drainage ditch, pond”), German Low German Lake, Laak (“drainage, marshland”), German Lache (“puddle”), Icelandic lækur (“stream”).[1]
Despite their similarity in form and meaning, Old English lacu is not related to English lay (“lake”), Latin lacus (“hollow, lake, pond”), Scottish Gaelic loch (“lake”), Ancient Greek λάκκος (lákkos, “waterhole, tank, pond, pit”), all from Proto-Indo-European *lókus, *l̥kwés (“lake, pool”).[2]
Noun
lake (plural lakes)
- A large, landlocked stretch of water or similar liquid.
- 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:
- Judge Short had gone to town, and Farrar was off for a three days' cruise up the lake. I was bitterly regretting I had not gone with him when the distant notes of a coach horn reached my ear, and I descried a four-in-hand winding its way up the inn road from the direction of Mohair.
- A large amount of liquid; as, a wine lake.
- 1991, Robert DeNiro (actor), Backdraft:
- So you punched out a window for ventilation. Was that before or after you noticed you were standing in a lake of gasoline?
- 1991, Robert DeNiro (actor), Backdraft:
- (now chiefly dialectal) A small stream of running water; a channel for water; a drain.
- (obsolete) A pit, or ditch.
Usage notes
As with the names of rivers, mounts and mountains, the names of lakes are typically formed by adding the word before or after the unique term: Lake Titicaca or Great Slave Lake. Generally speaking, names formed using adjectives or attributives see lake added to the end, as with Reindeer Lake; lake is usually added before proper names, as with Lake Michigan. This derives from the earlier but now uncommon form lake of ~: for instance, the 19th-century Lake of Annecy is now usually simply Lake Annecy. There are exceptions to this generalization, however, including notably the names of the individual Finger Lakes (e.g. Oneida Lake, Seneca Lake, Cayuga Lake). It frequently occurs, however, that foreign placenames are misunderstood as proper nouns, as with the Chinese Taihu (“Great Lake”) and Qinghai (“Blue Sea”) being frequently rendered as Lake Tai and Qinghai Lake.
Synonyms
- See Thesaurus:lake
Derived terms
- Balsam Lake
- Bassenthwaite Lake
- Big Lake
- bore lake
- Brome Lake
- Canyon Lake
- Chengcing Lake
- Clear Lake
- crater lake
- data lake
- Dease Lake
- Detroit Lakes
- Devils Lake
- Diamond Lake
- dry lake
- Eastlake
- Elbow Lake
- ephemeral lake
- finger lake
- glacial lake outburst flood
- go jump in the lake
- Goose Lake
- Grand Lake
- Great Lakes
- Great Salt Lake
- Green Lake
- Hamburg lake
- interlake
- intermittent lake
- intralake
- kettle lake
- Knob Lake
- lac lake
- lacrimal lake
- Lake Albert
- Lake Andes
- Lake and Peninsula Borough
- Lake Asphaltites
- lake ball
- lakebed
- Lake Butler
- Lake Chad
- Lake Champlain
- Lake City
- Lake Country
- Lake County
- Lake District
- lake dwelling
- lake effect
- lake-effect
- lakefill
- lake fly
- lakefront
- lakeful
- Lake Geneva
- Lake Granby
- lakehead
- lakehouse
- lake itch
- Lake Jessie
- Lake Kyoga, Lake Kioga
- lakeland
- lake lawyer
- lakeless
- lakelet
- lakelike
- lakelore
- Lake Louise
- Lake Macquarie
- lakeness
- Lake Neuchâtel
- Lake of Bays
- lake of fire
- Lake of the Woods
- lake of Wada
- lake pigment
- Lake Pleasant
- lakeport
- Lake Providence
- lake quillwort
- Laker
- lake retention time
- Lakes
- lakescape
- lakeshore
- lake shore disease
- lakeside, Lakeside
- Lake Station
- lake stratification
- lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens)
- Lake Tai
- Lake Tanganyika
- Lake Thun
- Laketown
- lake trout
- Lake Victoria
- lakeview
- Lake Villa
- Lake Village
- lake village
- Lake Wakatipu
- lakeward
- lakewards
- lakewater
- lakeweed
- lakewide
- Lake Winnipeg
- Lake Wobegon
- lakish
- Lakism
- Lakist
- laky
- lava lake
- Llanquihue Lake
- Lower Lake
- maroon lake
- megalake
- meromictic lake
- Moses Lake
- Muskoka Lakes
- Nahuel Huapi Lake
- Niagara-on-the-Lake
- nonlake
- Otsego Lake
- oxbow lake
- palaeolake
- paleolake
- Palmer Lake
- paternoster lake
- Pine Lake
- playa lake
- prairie lake
- quake lake
- Rainy Lake
- Red Lake County
- Red Lake Falls
- Rideau Lakes
- rose lake
- Round Lake Beach
- Salem Lakes
- salt lake
- Salt Lake City
- Salt Lake County
- seasonal lake
- Shell Lake
- Silver Lake
- Slender West Lake
- soda lake
- Southlake
- South Lakeland
- Spirit Lake
- splake
- Spring Lake
- Storm Lake
- subglacial lake
- Timber Lake
- Todos los Santos Lake
- Trent Lakes
- Trout Lake
- Twin Lakes
- Westlake
- West Lake
- wine lake
Related terms
Translations
See also
Further reading
lake on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Astell, Ann W. (1999) Political Allegory in Late Medieval England, Cornell University Press, →ISBN, page 192.
- Cameron, Kenneth (1961) English Place Names, B. T. Batsford Limited, →ISBN, page 164.
- Ferguson, Robert (1858) English Surnames: And their Place in the Teutonic Family, G. Routledge & Co., page 368.
- Maetzner, Eduard Adolf Ferdinand (2009) An English Grammar; Methodical, Analytical, and Historical, BiblioBazaar, LLC, →ISBN, page 200.
- Rissanen, Matti (1992) History of Englishes: New Methods and Interpretations in Historical Linguistics, Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 513–514.
- Sisam, Kenneth (2009) Fourteenth Century Verse and Prose, BiblioBazaar, →ISBN.
Etymology 2
From Northern Middle English lake, lak, lac (also laik, layke; Southern loke), from Old English lāc (“play, sport, strife, battle, sacrifice, offering, gift, present, booty, message”), from Proto-West Germanic *laik, from Proto-Germanic *laikaz (“game, dance, hymn, sport”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyg- (“to bounce, shake, tremble”). Cognate with Old High German leih (“song, melody, music”), Old Norse leikr (whence Danish leg (“game”), Swedish leka (“to play”)), and Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍃 (laiks, “dance”); Doublet of lek.
Verb form partly from Middle English laken, from Old English lacan, from Proto-Germanic *laikaną, from Proto-Indo-European *leyg-. More at lay, -lock.
Alternative forms
Noun
lake (plural lakes)
Related terms
Verb
lake (third-person singular simple present lakes, present participle laking, simple past and past participle laked)
- (obsolete) To present an offering.
- (dialectal, Northern, UK) To leap, jump, exert oneself, play.
- Subject biological cells to repeated cycles of freezing and thawing until lysis.
Etymology 3
From Middle English lake, from Old English *lacen or Middle Dutch laken; both from Proto-Germanic *lakaną (“linen; cloth; sheet”). Cognate with Dutch lake (“linen”), Dutch laken (“linen; bedsheet”), German Laken, Danish lagan, Swedish lakan, Icelandic lak, lakan.
Noun
lake (plural lakes)
Etymology 4
From French laque (“lacquer”), from Persian لاک (lâk), from Hindi लाख (lākh), from Sanskrit लाक्षा (lākṣā). Doublet of lac and lacquer.
Noun
lake (plural lakes)
- In dyeing and painting, an often fugitive crimson or vermilion pigment derived from an organic colorant (cochineal or madder, for example) and an inorganic, generally metallic mordant.
- Synonym: lac
- 1997, Thomas Pynchon, chapter 24, in Mason & Dixon, 1st US edition, New York: Henry Holt and Company, →ISBN, part One: Latitudes and Departures, page 242:
- Jeremiah found himself indoors, perfecting his Draftsmanship, bending all day over the work-table, grinding and mixing his own Inks,— siftings and splashes ev'rywhere of King's Yellow, Azure, red Orpiment, Indian lake, Verdigris, Indigo, and Umber.
- In the composition of colors for use in products intended for human consumption, made by extending on a substratum of alumina, a salt prepared from one of the certified water-soluble straight colors.
- The name of a lake prepared by extending the aluminum salt prepared from FD&C Blue No. 1 upon the substratum would be FD&C Blue No. 1--Aluminum Lake.
Derived terms
Translations
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Verb
lake (third-person singular simple present lakes, present participle laking, simple past and past participle laked)
- To make lake-red.
References
- ^ “lake, n.3.”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, September 2021.
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “Lagu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Anagrams
Dutch
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Verb
lake
Anagrams
Mauritian Creole
Etymology
Noun
lake
References
- Baker, Philip & Hookoomsing, Vinesh Y. 1987. Dictionnaire de créole mauricien. Morisyen – English – Français
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology 1
From Low German lake.
Noun
lake m (definite singular laken, indefinite plural laker, definite plural lakene)
Etymology 2
Noun
lake m (definite singular laken, indefinite plural laker, definite plural lakene)
Etymology 3
As for Etymology 1.
Verb
lake
References
- “lake” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology 1
From Low German lake.
Noun
lake m (definite singular laken, indefinite plural lakar, definite plural lakane)
Etymology 2
Noun
lake m (definite singular laken, indefinite plural lakar, definite plural lakane)
Etymology 3
As for Etymology 1.
Verb
lake
References
- “lake” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Serbo-Croatian
Adjective
lake
- inflection of lak:
Seychellois Creole
Etymology
Noun
lake
References
- Danielle D’Offay et Guy Lionnet, Diksyonner Kreol - Franse / Dictionnaire Créole Seychellois - Français
Swahili
Adjective
lake
Swedish
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Middle Low German lâke (“brine; standing water”), from Old Saxon *laca, from Proto-West Germanic *laku (“steam, pool”).[1][2]
Noun
lake c
Declension
Declension of lake | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | lake | laken | lakar | lakarna |
Genitive | lakes | lakens | lakars | lakarnas |
References
Etymology 2
Noun
lake c
Declension
Declension of lake | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | lake | laken | lakar | lakarna |
Genitive | lakes | lakens | lakars | lakarnas |
References
- lake in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- lake in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- lake in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- ^ Hellquist, Elof (1922) “2. lake”, in Svensk etymologisk ordbok [Swedish etymological dictionary][3] (in Swedish), Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups förlag, pages 394-395
- ^ “lake”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy][4] (in Swedish), 1937
Anagrams
Turkish
Etymology
Pronunciation
Adjective
lake
Declension
present tense | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (I am) | lakeyim | lake miyim? | lake değilim | lake değil miyim? |
sen (you are) | lakesin | lake misin? | lake değilsin | lake değil misin? |
o (he/she/it is) | lake / lakedir | lake mi? | lake değil | lake değil mi? |
biz (we are) | lakeyiz | lake miyiz? | lake değiliz | lake değil miyiz? |
siz (you are) | lakesiniz | lake misiniz? | lake değilsiniz | lake değil misiniz? |
onlar (they are) | lake(ler) | lake(ler) mi? | lake değil(ler) | lake değiller mi? |
past tense | ||||
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (I was) | lakeydim | lake miydim? | lake değildim | lake değil miydim? |
sen (you were) | lakeydin | lake miydin? | lake değildin | lake değil miydin? |
o (he/she/it was) | lakeydi | lake miydi? | lake değildi | lake değil miydi? |
biz (we were) | lakeydik | lake miydik? | lake değildik | lake değil miydik? |
siz (you were) | lakeydiniz | lake miydiniz? | lake değildiniz | lake değil miydiniz? |
onlar (they were) | lakeydiler | lake miydiler? | lake değildi(ler) / değillerdi | lake değil miydiler? |
indirect past | ||||
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (I was) | lakeymişim | lake miymişim? | lake değilmişim | lake değil miymişim? |
sen (you were) | lakeymişsin | lake miymişsin? | lake değilmişsin | lake değil miymişsin? |
o (he/she/it was) | lakeymiş | lake miymiş? | lake değilmiş | lake değil miymiş? |
biz (we were) | lakeymişiz | lake miymişiz? | lake değilmişiz | lake değil miymişiz? |
siz (you were) | lakeymişsiniz | lake miymişsiniz? | lake değilmişsiniz | lake değil miymişsiniz? |
onlar (they were) | lakeymişler | lake miymişler? | lake değilmiş(ler) / değillermiş | lake değil miymişler? |
conditional | ||||
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (if I) | lakeysem | lake miysem? | lake değilsem | lake değil miysem? |
sen (if you) | lakeysen | lake miysen? | lake değilsen | lake değil miysen? |
o (if he/she/it) | lakeyse | lake miyse? | lake değilse | lake değil miyse? |
biz (if we) | lakeysek | lake miysek? | lake değilsek | lake değil miysek? |
siz (if you) | lakeyseniz | lake miyseniz? | lake değilseniz | lake değil miyseniz? |
onlar (if they) | lakeyseler | lake miyseler? | lake değilseler / değillerse | lake değil miyseler? |
Related terms
References
- ^ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “lake”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Further reading
- “lake”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “lake”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2931
- English 1-syllable words
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- en:Bodies of water
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- nb:Fish
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- nn:Fish
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- Seychellois Creole terms derived from French
- Seychellois Creole lemmas
- Seychellois Creole nouns
- Swahili non-lemma forms
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- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
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