Acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase

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acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase

Crystallographic structure of the tetrameric acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (EC:2.3.1.9) from the Gram-negative bacterium Z. ramigera.^[1]

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In enzymology, an acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

2 acetyl-CoA

\rightleftharpoons

CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, acetyl-CoA, and two products, CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA.

Acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase belongs to the thiolase family of enzymes.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase. Other names in common use include acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase, beta-acetoacetyl coenzyme A thiolase, 2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA thiolase [misleading], 3-oxothiolase, acetyl coenzyme A thiolase, acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, acetyl-CoA:N-acetyltransferase, and thiolase II. This enzyme participates in 10 metabolic pathways: fatty acid metabolism, synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation, lysine degradation, tryptophan metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, benzoate degradation via coa ligation, propanoate metabolism, butanoate metabolism, and two-component system - general.

Isozymes

Human genes encoding acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferases include:

acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 1 (acetoacetyl Coenzyme A Thiolase)

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Other data

Chr. 11 q22.3-23.1

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acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2 (acetoacetyl Coenzyme A thiolase)

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Chr. 6 q25.3-q26

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Structures	Swiss-model
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References

^ PDB: 2WKT; Meriläinen G, Poikela V, Kursula P, Wierenga RK (November 2009). "The thiolase reaction mechanism: the importance of Asn316 and His348 for stabilizing the enolate intermediate of the Claisen condensation". Biochemistry. 48 (46): 11011–25. doi:10.1021/bi901069h. PMID 19842716.

LYNEN F, OCHOA S (1953). "Enzymes of fatty acid metabolism". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 12 (1–2): 299–314. doi:10.1016/0006-3002(53)90149-8. PMID 13115439. S2CID 1546557.
Stern JR, Drummond GI, Coon MJ, del Campillo A (1960). "Enzymes of ketone body metabolism. I. Purification of an acetoacetate-synthesizing enzyme from ox liver". J. Biol. Chem. 235 (2): 313–317. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)69521-3. PMID 13834445.

v t e Transferases: acyltransferases (EC 2.3)
2.3.1: other than amino-acyl groups	acetyltransferases: Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase N-Acetylglutamate synthase Choline acetyltransferase Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase Beta-galactoside transacetylase Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase N-acetyltransferase Serotonin N-acetyl transferase HGSNAT ARD1A Histone acetyltransferase P300/CBP NAT2 palmitoyltransferases: Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase CPT1 CPT2 Serine C-palmitoyltransferase SPTLC1 SPTLC2 other: Acyltransferase like 2 Aminolevulinic acid synthase Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase Glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase Lecithin—cholesterol acyltransferase Glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 2-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase ABHD5
2.3.2: Aminoacyltransferases	Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase Peptidyl transferase Transglutaminase Tissue transglutaminase Keratinocyte transglutaminase Factor XIII
2.3.3: converted into alkyl on transfer	Citrate synthase Decylcitrate synthase Citrate (Re)-synthase Decylhomocitrate synthase 2-methylcitrate synthase 2-ethylmalate synthase 3-ethylmalate synthase ATP citrate lyase Malate synthase HMG-CoA synthase HMGCS2 2-hydroxyglutarate synthase 3-propylmalate synthase 2-isopropylmalate synthase Homocitrate synthase Sulfoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase

v t e Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Diffusion-limited enzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor Enzyme activator
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list) EC7 Translocases (list)

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