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Allotheria - Wikipedia

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Allotheria Temporal range: Middle Jurassic–Eocene PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Possible Late Triassic record

Skull of Ptilodus (Multituberculata)

Skull of Adalatherium (Gondwanatheria)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Clade:	Theriiformes
Subclass:	†Allotheria Marsh, 1880
Subgroups
†Camptomus †Fractinus †?Cifelliodon †Megaconus †Kermackodon †Gondwanatheria ?†Haramiyida †Multituberculata

Allotheria (meaning "other beasts", from the Greek αλλός, allos–other and θήριον, therion–wild animal) is an extinct clade of mammals known from the Mesozoic and early Cenozoic. Shared characteristics of the group are the presence of lower molariform teeth equipped with longitudinal rows of cusps^[1] and enlarged incisors.^[2] Typically, the canine teeth are also lost.^[2] Allotheria includes Multituberculata, Gondwanatheria (which may be part of Multituberculata, as the sister group to Cimolodonta),^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6] and probably Haramiyida,^[7] (sometimes only including Euharamiyida^[2]) although some studies have recovered haramiyidans to be basal mammaliaforms unrelated to multituberculates.^[8] Allotherians are often placed as crown group mammals, more closely related to living marsupials and placentals (Theria) than to monotremes or eutriconodonts,^[2] though some studies place the entirety of Allotheria outside of crown Mammalia.^[9]

References

^ Butler, P.M. (2000). "Review of the early allotherian mammals". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 45 (4): 317–342.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Hoffmann, Simone; Beck, Robin M. D.; Wible, John R.; Rougier, Guillermo W.; Krause, David W. (2020-12-14). "Phylogenetic placement of Adalatherium hui (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar: implications for allotherian relationships". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 40 (sup1): 213–234. Bibcode:2020JVPal..40S.213H. doi:10.1080/02724634.2020.1801706. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 230968231.
^ Krause, D. W.; Prasad, G. V. R.; von Koenigswald, W.; Sahni, A.; Grine, F. E. (1997). "Cosmopolitanism among Gondwanan Late Cretaceous mammals" (PDF). Nature. 390 (6659): 504–507. Bibcode:1997Natur.390..504K. doi:10.1038/37343. S2CID 205025618. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-06-11.
^ Krause, David W.; Hoffmann, Simone; Wible, John R.; Kirk, E. Christopher; Schultz, Julia A.; von Koenigswald, Wighart; Groenke, Joseph R.; Rossie, James B. (2014-11-05). "First cranial remains of a gondwanatherian mammal reveal remarkable mosaicism". Nature. 515 (7528). O'Connor, Patrick M., Seiffert, Erik R., Dumont, Elizabeth R., Holloway, Waymon L., Rogers, Raymond R., Rahantarisoa, Lydia J., Kemp, Addison D., Andriamialison, Haingoson. Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited: 512–517. Bibcode:2014Natur.515..512K. doi:10.1038/nature13922. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 25383528. S2CID 4395258.
^ Drake, Nadia (November 5, 2014). "Fossil From Dinosaur Era Reveals Big Mammal With Super Senses". nationalgeographic.com. National Geographic Society. Archived from the original on November 5, 2014. Retrieved November 5, 2014.
^ Wilford, John Noble (November 5, 2014). "Fossil's Unusual Size and Location Offer Clues in Evolution of Mammals". The New York Times. Retrieved November 6, 2014.
^ Luo, Z.-X.; Kielan-Jaworowska, Z.; Cifelli, R.L. (2002). "In quest for a phylogeny of Mesozoic mammals". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 47 (1): 1–78.
^ Luo, Zhe-Xi; Gates, Stephen M.; Jenkins Jr., Farish A.; Amaral, William W.; Shubin, Neil H. (16 November 2015). "Mandibular and dental characteristics of Late Triassic mammaliaform Haramiyavia and their ramifications for basal mammal evolution". PNAS. 112 (51): E7101–E7109. Bibcode:2015PNAS..112E7101L. doi:10.1073/pnas.1519387112. PMC 4697399. PMID 26630008.
^ Mao, Fangyuan; Li, Zhiyu; Wang, Zhili; Zhang, Chi; Rich, Thomas; Vickers-Rich, Patricia; Meng, Jin (2024-04-03). "Jurassic shuotheriids show earliest dental diversification of mammaliaforms". Nature. 628 (8008): 569–575. Bibcode:2024Natur.628..569M. doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07258-7. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 38570681.

Monotremata?
†Zhangheotheriidae	Anebodon Kiyatherium Maotherium Ningchengodon Origolestes Zhangheotherium
†Spalacotheriidae	Akidolestes Aliaga Cifellitherium Heishanlestes Infernolestes Lactodens Shalbaatar Spalacolestes Spalacotheridium Spalacotherium Spalacotheroides Symmetrodontoides Symmetrolestes Yaverlestes
Cladotheria	see below↓

Cladotheria

†Dryolestida

Brancatherulum? Dorsetodon Drescheratherium Euthlastus Henkelotherium Paurodon Tathiodon
Dryolestidae	Achyrodon Amblotherium Anthracolestes Beckumia Crusafontia Dryolestes Groebertherium? Guimarotodus Hercynodon Krebsotherium Lakotalestes? Laolestes Minutolestes Phascolestes Portopinheirodon Treslagosodon

†Meridiolestida

Amarillodon Austrotriconodon Bondesius Casamiquelia Cronopio Groebertherium? Lakotalestes? Leonardus Necrolestes Paraungulatum Quirogatherium Solanutherium
Mesungulatoidea	Coloniatherium Mesungulatum Orretherium Peligrotherium Reigitherium

†Donodontidae

Prototribosphenida

†Abelodon
†Amphibetulimus
†Amphitherium
†Arguimus
†Brancatherulum?
†Chunnelodon
†Magnimus
†Minimus
†Mozomus
†Nanolestes
†Palaeoxonodon
†Vincelestes
Monotremata?

†Peramuridae

Tribosphenida /
Boreosphenida

Theria

†Patagomaia
Eutheria	see Eutheria includes placentals
Metatheria	see Metatheria includes marsupials

Other taxa

Incertae sedis	†Atlasodon †Chronoperates †Microderson †Thereuodon †Tingamarra Saint Bathans Mammal UA 8699
Other taxa	Prototheria Yinotheria Eutriconodonta Amphilestidae Theriiformes Pantotheria Symmetrodonta Eupantotheria Paurodontidae Amphitheriidae Marsupionta

Allotheria

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Clade: Theriiformes

Synapsida

- see Synapsida

Cynodontia

- see Cynodontia

Mammalia

see Mammalia
Allotheria	see below↓

Allotheria

Haramiyida?

Gondwanatheria?

Adalatherium Groeberiidae?
Ferugliotheriidae?	Argentodites? Ferugliotherium LACM 149371? Magallanodon Trapalcotherium
Sudamericidae	Bharattherium Galulatherium Gondwanatherium Greniodon? Lavanify Patagonia? Sudamerica Vintana

Multituberculata

Allodontoidea

Arginbaatar Glirodon Zofiabaatar
Allodontidae	Ctenacodon Passumys Psalodon

Paulchoffatioidea

Pinheirodontidae	Bernardodon Bructerodon Cantalera Ecprepaulax Gerhardodon Iberodon Lavocatia Pinheirodon
Paulchoffatiidae	Bathmochoffatia Galveodon Guimarotodon Henkelodon Kielanodon Kuehneodon Meketibolodon Meketichoffatia Paulchoffatia Plesiochoffatia Pseudobolodon Renatodon Rugosodon Sunnyodon Xenachoffatia

Plagiaulacoidea

Plagiaulacidae	Bolodon Morrisonodon Plagiaulax
Eobaataridae	Cheruscodon Dolichoprion Eobaatar Hakusanobaatar Heishanobaatar Iberica Indobaatar Liaobaatar Loxaulax Monobaatar? Nokerbaatar Parendotherium Sinobaatar Tedoribaatar Teutonodon
Albionbaataridae	Albionbaatar Kielanobaatar Proalbionbaatar

Cimolodonta

- see below↓

Cimolodonta

Paracimexomys group

Filikomys Neoliotomus
Cimolodontidae	Anconodon Cimolodon Liotomus
Neoplagiaulacidae	Cernaysia Ectypodus Krauseia Mesodma Mesodmops Mimetodon Neoplagiaulax Nidimys Parectypodus Paressonodon Xanclomys Xyronomys
Ptilodontidae	Aenigmamys Baiotomeus Kimbetohia Prochetodon Ptilodus

Taeniolabidoidea

Bubodens? Catopsalis Erythrobaatar Valenopsalis Yubaatar
Lambdopsalidae	Lambdopsalis Prionessus Sphenopsalis
Taeniolabididae	Kimbetopsalis Taeniolabis

Djadochtatherioidea

Bulganbaatar Chulsanbaatar Nemegtbaatar
Sloanbaataridae	Kamptobaatar Nessovbaatar Sloanbaatar
Djadochtatheriidae	Catopsbaatar Djadochtatherium Kryptobaatar Mangasbaatar Tombaatar

See also: Plagiaulacida
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