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Many-plumed moths

Twenty-plume moth (Alucita hexadactyla: Alucitidae)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Superfamily:	Alucitoidea
Family:	Alucitidae Leach, 1815
Type species
Alucita hexadactyla Linnaeus, 1758
Diversity
9 genera, about 210 species
Synonyms
Alucitina Zeller, 1841 Orneodidae

The Alucitidae or many-plumed moths^[1] are a family of moths with unusually modified wings. Both fore- and hind-wings consist of about six rigid spines, from which radiate flexible bristles creating a structure similar to a bird's feather.

This is a small family, with about a global total of 210 species described to date (though it is likely that some undescribed species remain to be discovered). They are found mostly in temperate to subtropical (but not tropical) regions.

Systematics and taxonomy

The taxonomy of this family is somewhat disputed. Here, they are united in superfamily Alucitoidea with the Tineodidae, a diverse group of numerous small genera with about 20 species all together. However, the two supposed Alucitoidea families may be polyphyletic with regard to each other, and Tineodidae better included in Alucitidae. In any case, the similar-looking plume moths (Pterophoroidea) are widely held to be very close, if not the closest living relatives of the Alucitoidea.^[2]

Earlier, many authors assumed that the fruitworm moths (Copromorphoidea) were also very closely related to the Alucitidae (and the fringe-tufted moths, Epermeniidae) – according to some, closer in fact than the Pterophoroidea and even the Tineodidae. In this Alucitoidea do not exist; Alucitidae and Tineodidae are assigned to different (but still most closely related) superfamilies. In the treatment here, the Copromorphoidea are presumed to be the most advanced of these lineages of small but fairly "modern" moths, while the Alucitoidea and Pterophoroidea are more primitive.^[2]^[3]

Genera

The genera presently placed here, sorted alphabetically, are:^[3]

Footnotes

^ ToL (2003)
^ ^a ^b Minet (1991)
^ ^a ^b Wikispecies (2010)

References

Data related to Alucitidae at Wikispecies. Version of 2010-AUG-10.^{[circular reference]}
Minet, Joel (1991). "Tentative reconstruction of the ditrysian phylogeny (Lepidoptera: Glossata)". Insect Systematics & Evolution. 22 (1): 69–95. doi:10.1163/187631291X00327. ISSN 1399-560X.
Tree of Life Web Project (ToL) (2003): Alucitoidea. Version of 2003-JAN-01. Retrieved 2011-SEP-24.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alucitidae.

CSIRO High resolution images of two species.
Deltakey Family description.

Extant Lepidoptera families

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Subclass: Pterygota
Infraclass: Neoptera
Superorder: Holometabola

Suborder Zeugloptera

Micropterigoidea	Micropterigidae (mandibulate archaic moths)

Suborder Aglossata

Agathiphagoidea	Agathiphagidae (kauri moths)

Suborder Heterobathmiina

Heterobathmioidea	Heterobathmiidae

Suborder Glossata

Dacnonypha

Eriocranioidea	Eriocraniidae

Acanthoctesia

Acanthopteroctetoidea	Acanthopteroctetidae (archaic sun moths)

Lophocoronina

Lophocoronoidea	Lophocoronidae

Neopseustina

Neopseustoidea	Aenigmatineidae Neopseustidae (archaic bell moths)

Exoporia

Hepialoidea	Anomosetidae Hepialidae (swift moths, ghost moths) Neotheoridae (Amazonian primitive ghost moths) Palaeosetidae (miniature ghost moths) Prototheoridae (African primitive ghost moths)
Mnesarchaeoidea	Mnesarchaeidae (New Zealand primitive moths)

H
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o
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e
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a

M
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Adeloidea	Adelidae (fairy longhorn moths) Cecidosidae Heliozelidae Incurvariidae Prodoxidae (yucca moths)
Andesianoidea	Andesianidae (Andean endemic moths)
Nepticuloidea	Nepticulidae (pigmy, or midget moths) Opostegidae (white eyecap moths)
Palaephatoidea	Palaephatidae (Gondwanaland moths)
Tischerioidea	Tischeriidae (trumpet leaf miner moths)

D
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Simaethistoidea	Simaethistidae
Tineoidea	Acrolophidae (burrowing webworm moths) Arrhenophanidae Eriocottidae (Old World spiny-winged moths) Psychidae (bagworm moths) Tineidae (fungus moths)
Gracillarioidea	Bucculatricidae (ribbed cocoon makers) Douglasiidae (Douglas moths) Gracillariidae Roeslerstammiidae
Yponomeutoidea	Acrolepiidae (false diamondback moths) Bedelliidae Glyphipterigidae (sedge moths) Heliodinidae Lyonetiidae Plutellidae Yponomeutidae (ermine moths) Ypsolophidae
Gelechioidea	Autostichidae Batrachedridae Blastobasidae Coleophoridae (case-bearers, case moths) Cosmopterigidae (cosmet moths) Elachistidae (grass-miner moths) Gelechiidae (twirler moths) Lecithoceridae (long-horned moths) Lypusidae Metachandidae Momphidae (mompha moths) Oecophoridae (concealer moths) Pterolonchidae Scythrididae (flower moths) Xyloryctidae (timber moths)
Galacticoidea	Galacticidae
Zygaenoidea	Heterogynidae Zygaenidae (burnet, forester, or smoky moths) Himantopteridae Lacturidae Somabrachyidae Megalopygidae (flannel moths) Aididae Anomoeotidae Cyclotornidae Epipyropidae (planthopper parasite moths) Dalceridae (slug caterpillars) Limacodidae (slug, or cup moths)
Cossoidea	Cossidae (carpenter millers, or goat moths) Dudgeoneidae (dudgeon carpenter moths)
Sesioidea	Brachodidae (little bear moths) Castniidae (castniid moths: giant butterfly-moths, sun moths) Sesiidae (clearwing moths)
Choreutoidea	Choreutidae (metalmark moths)
Tortricoidea	Tortricidae (tortrix moths)
Urodoidea	Urodidae (false burnet moths)
Schreckensteinioidea	Schreckensteiniidae (bristle-legged moths)
Epermenioidea	Epermeniidae (fringe-tufted moths)
Alucitoidea	Alucitidae (many-plumed moths) Tineodidae (false plume moths)
Pterophoroidea	Pterophoridae (plume moths)
Whalleyanoidea	Whalleyanidae
Immoidea	Immidae
Copromorphoidea	Copromorphidae (tropical fruitworm moths) Carposinidae (fruitworm moths)
Thyridoidea	Thyrididae (picture-winged leaf moths)
Calliduloidea	Callidulidae (Old World butterfly-moths)
Papilionoidea (butterflies)	Papilionidae (swallowtail butterflies) Hedylidae (American moth-butterflies) Hesperiidae (skippers) Pieridae (whites, yellows, orangetips, sulphurs) Riodinidae (metalmarks) Lycaenidae (gossamer-winged butterflies: blues, coppers and relatives) Nymphalidae (brush-footed, or four-footed butterflies)
Hyblaeoidea	Hyblaeidae (teak moths)
Pyraloidea	Pyralidae (snout moths) Crambidae (grass moth)
Mimallonoidea	Mimallonidae (sack bearer moths)
Lasiocampoidea	Lasiocampidae (eggars, snout moths, or lappet moths)
Bombycoidea	Anthelidae (Australian lappet moth) Apatelodidae (American silkworm moths) Bombycidae (silk moths) Brahmaeidae (Brahmin moths) Carthaeidae (Dryandra moth) Endromidae (Kentish glory and relatives) Eupterotidae Phiditiidae Saturniidae (saturniids) Sphingidae (hawk moths, sphinx moths and hornworms)
Noctuoidea	Erebidae (underwing, tiger, tussock, litter, snout, owlet moths) Euteliidae Noctuidae (daggers, sallows, owlet moths, quakers, cutworms, darts) Nolidae (tuft moths) Notodontidae (prominents, kittens) Oenosandridae
Drepanoidea	Drepanidae (hook-tips) Cimeliidae (gold moths) Doidae
Geometroidea	Sematuridae Pseudobistonidae Epicopeiidae (oriental swallowtail moths) Uraniidae Geometridae (geometer moths)
Superfamily unassigned	Millieriidae

Note: division Monotrysia is not a clade.

Taxon identifiers

Alucitidae

Wikidata: Q162872
Wikispecies: Alucitidae
ADW: Alucitidae
AFD: Alucitidae
BAMONA: Alucitidae
BioLib: 17220
BOLD: 33546
BugGuide: 42235
CoL: 68L
EoL: 763
EPPO: 1ALUCF
Fauna Europaea: 5325
Fauna Europaea (new): 71ba6410-6078-4643-80ee-b36c0fa8d94e
GBIF: 4542
iNaturalist: 48148
IRMNG: 108807
ITIS: 117853
NBN: NBNSYS0000159339
NCBI: 655175
Open Tree of Life: 800112
PPE: alucitidae
Plazi: 82050424-FFBD-125D-EFFB-FF49FB03AE67

Category:

Alucitidae

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