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António Granjo OA


Prime Minister of Portugal
In office 30 August 1921 – 19 October 1921
President	António José de Almeida
Preceded by	Tomé de Barros Queirós
Succeeded by	Manuel Maria Coelho
In office 19 July 1920 – 20 November 1920
President	António José de Almeida
Preceded by	António Maria da Silva
Succeeded by	Álvaro de Castro

Personal details
Born	(1881-12-27)27 December 1881 Chaves, Portugal
Died	19 October 1921(1921-10-19) (aged 39) Lisbon, Portugal
Political party	Evolutionist Party (later Republican Liberal Party)
Signature

António Joaquim Granjo OA ( Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐ̃ˈtɔniu ˈɡɾɐ̃ʒu]; 27 December 1881 – 19 October 1921) was a Portuguese lawyer and politician who served twice as prime minister during 1920 and 1921, until his assassination.

Biography

Granjo was born in Chaves. Already a committed republican from his youth, well before the 1910 overthrow of the monarchy, he became a member of the National Constituent Assembly, elected on 28 May 1911. He gave up his constituency in order to join the army; during Portuguese participation in World War I, he saw combat himself, and upon returning home he wrote a book about his battle experiences.

After President Sidónio Pais was shot dead, Granjo took action against the Monarchy of the North, an attempt to restore a royalist regime in the north of Portugal, in 1919. He was President of the Municipal Chamber of Chaves, from February to July 1919. That same year he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies, by the Evolutionist Party, later being a founder of its successor movement, the Republican Liberal Party. Minister of Justice during Domingos Pereira's coalition government, he served two brief terms as Prime Minister, the first time, from 19 July to 20 November 1920, in a liberal government. Afterwards he was nominated Prime Minister again, to take the place of another liberal, Tomé de Barros Queirós, on 30 August 1921.

Assassination

During the infamous "Bloody Night" in Lisbon, on 19 October 1921, Granjo was assassinated. The political affiliation of his murderers' instigators is still a matter of dispute. That same night, two other prominent republicans of moderately right-wing sympathies, António Machado Santos (widely known as the founder of the republic) and José Carlos da Maia, also died.

Distinctions

National orders

Officer of the Military Order of Aviz (24 June 1919)^[1]

References

^ "Cidadãos Nacionais Agraciados com Ordens Portuguesas". Página Oficial das Ordens Honoríficas Portuguesas. Retrieved 20 July 2021.

Political offices
Preceded by António Maria da Silva	Prime Minister of Portugal (President of the Ministry) 1920	Succeeded by Álvaro de Castro
Preceded by Tomé de Barros Queirós	Prime Minister of Portugal (President of the Ministry) 1921	Succeeded by Manuel Maria Coelho

v t e Prime ministers of Portugal
First Republic (1910–1926)	Braga Pinheiro Chagas (1st) Vasconcelos Leite Costa (1st) Machado (1st) Azevedo Coutinho Pimenta de Castro Constitutional Junta Pinheiro Chagas (2nd) J. Castro Costa (2nd) Almeida Costa (3rd) Pais Canto e Castro Tamagnini Barbosa Relvas Leite Pereira (1st) Sá Cardoso (1st) Fernandes Costa Sá Cardoso (2nd) Leite Pereira (2nd) Baptista Ramos Preto Silva (1st) Granjo (1st) A. Castro (1st) Pinto Machado (2nd) Barros Queirós Granjo (2nd) Coelho Maia Pinto Cunha Leal Silva (2nd) Ginestal Machado A. Castro (2nd) Rodrigues Gaspar Domingues dos Santos Guimarães Silva (3rd) Leite Pereira (3rd) Silva (4th)
Second Republic (1933–1974)	Mendes Cabeçadas Gomes da Costa Carmona Freitas Ivens Ferraz Oliveira Oliveira Salazar Caetano
Third Republic (1974–present)	National Salvation Junta Palma Carlos Gonçalves Pinheiro de Azevedo Almeida e Costa Soares (1st) Nobre da Costa Mota Pinto Pintasilgo Sá Carneiro Freitas do Amaral Pinto Balsemão Soares (2nd) Cavaco Silva Guterres Durão Barroso Santana Lopes Sócrates Passos Coelho Costa Montenegro

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