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A broad-leaved, broad-leaf, or broadleaf tree is any tree within the diverse botanical group of angiosperms that has flat leaves and produces seeds inside of fruits. It is one of two general types of trees, the other being a conifer, a tree with needle-like or scale-like leaves and seeds borne in woody cones.^[1] Broad-leaved trees are sometimes known as hardwoods.^[2]

Most deciduous trees are broad-leaved^[3] but some are coniferous, like larches.^[4]

Tree types

Two general types of woody trees^[3]
Gymnosperms (seed plants not flowering)	Angiosperms (flowering seed plants)
Coniferous (females bearing ovulate cones that release unenclosed seeds at maturity)	Fruit-bearing (enclosing seeds within)
Usually evergreen (gradually shedding foliage, green foliage throughout year)	Usually deciduous (seasonally shedding all foliage, no foliage for part of year)
Known as softwoods (nonporous, wood typically lighter & softer)^[5]	Known as hardwoods (wood structure porous & more complex, wood generally harder)^[5]
Usually needle-like or scale-like leaves	Broad leaves
Examples: firs, spruces, pines	Examples: hickories, maples, oaks

Gallery

Chênes Apremont by Théodore Rousseau
Maple leaves by autumn
Fig tree
Fruit of broad-leaved trees

References

^ Dichotomous Key. Common Trees of the Pacific Northwest. College of Forestry, Oregon State University.
^ Broadleaved Trees: Unsung Component of British Columbia's Forests. University of British Columbia.
^ ^a ^b Lee, S. and A. Raflo. Trees and Water. Archived 2016-09-21 at the Wayback Machine Virginia Water Resources Research Center. Virginia Tech.
^ Why do larches turn yellow? U.S. Department of Agriculture
^ ^a ^b Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Wood Handbook—Wood as an Engineering Material Archived 2021-04-24 at the Wayback Machine, General Technical Report series, № FPL‑GTR‑190, Centennial ed. (Madison, Wis.: USDA Forest Service, FPL, 2010‑04), p. 2‑2.

External links

Identifying Broadleaf Trees and Shrubs. CMG Garden Notes. Colorado State University Extension.

v t e Phytogeography: Vegetation classification
Physiognomy	Forests, woodlands, arboretum Shrublands, heath, scrubs, thickets, fruticetum Dwarf-shrubland, subshrublands, dwarf-scrubs, suffruticetum Herbaceous communities, grasslands, steppes, prairies, herbetum Savannas, parklands Scarcely vegetated areas, desert vegetation (Desert, Barren vegetation)
Latitude	Tropical Subtropical Temperate Subpolar Polar
Climatic regime	Pluvial, rainy, ombrophilous Cloudy Seasonal Drought
Altitude	Montane Submontane Lowland Coastal
Leaves	Loss of leaves Deciduous, caducifolious Semi-deciduous, semicaducifolious Evergreen, perennifolious Leaf hardness Sclerophyll, stiff leaves Orthophyll, hyptiophyll leaves Leaf form Aciculifolious, needle-leaved Latifolious, broad-leaved
Substrate	Terrestrial vegetation Aquatic vegetation Riparian Mangrove Swampy
See also	Biogeographic realms Biomes Floristic kingdoms Natural region Physiographic region Plant habits Plant life-forms Vegetation

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