Ensiklopedia Dunia

Technopedia Center

Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science
S1 Informatics S1 Information Systems S1 Information Technology S1 Computer Engineering S1 Electrical Engineering S1 Civil Engineering

faculty of Economics and Business
S1 Management S1 Accountancy

Faculty of Letters and Educational Sciences
S1 English literature S1 English language education S1 Mathematics education S1 Sports Education

Portal:Trees - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Portal topics - (Random portal)

The Trees Portal

In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are usable as lumber or plants above a specified height. In wider definitions, the taller palms, tree ferns, bananas, and bamboos are also trees.

Trees are not a monophyletic taxonomic group but consist of a wide variety of plant species that have independently evolved a trunk and branches as a way to tower above other plants to compete for sunlight. The majority of tree species are angiosperms or hardwoods; of the rest, many are gymnosperms or softwoods. Trees tend to be long-lived, some trees reaching several thousand years old. Trees evolved around 400 million years ago, and it is estimated that there are around three trillion mature trees in the world currently.

A tree typically has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground by the trunk, which typically contains woody tissue for strength, and vascular tissue to carry materials from one part of the tree to another. For most trees the trunk is surrounded by a layer of bark which serves as a protective barrier. Below the ground, the roots branch and spread out widely; they serve to anchor the tree and extract moisture and nutrients from the soil. Above ground, the branches divide into smaller branches and shoots. The shoots typically bear leaves, which capture light energy and convert it into sugars by photosynthesis, providing the food for the tree's growth and development.

Trees usually reproduce using seeds. Flowering plants have their seeds inside fruits, while conifers carry their seeds in cones, and tree ferns produce spores instead.

Trees play a significant role in reducing erosion and moderating the climate. They remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store large quantities of carbon in their tissues. Trees and forests provide a habitat for many species of animals and plants. Tropical rainforests are among the most biodiverse habitats in the world. Trees provide shade and shelter, timber for construction, fuel for cooking and heating, and fruit for food as well as having many other uses. In much of the world, forests are shrinking as trees are cleared to increase the amount of land available for agriculture. Because of their longevity and usefulness, trees have always been revered, with sacred groves in various cultures, and they play a role in many of the world's mythologies. (Full article...)

Refresh with new selections below (purge)

Recognized content - show another

Entries here consist of Good and Featured articles, which meet a core set of high editorial standards.

A tree growing in Cashmere, Christchurch

Cordyline australis, commonly known as the cabbage tree, or by its Māori name of tī or tī kōuka, is a widely branched monocot tree endemic to New Zealand.

It grows up to 20 metres (66 feet) tall with a stout trunk and sword-like leaves, which are clustered at the tips of the branches and can be up to 1 metre (3 feet 3 inches) long. With its tall, straight trunk and dense, rounded heads, it is a characteristic feature of the New Zealand landscape. It is common over a wide latitudinal range from the far north of the North Island to the south of the South Island. It grows in a broad range of habitats. The largest known tree, growing at Pākawau, Golden Bay / Mohua, is estimated to be 400 or 500 years old, and stands 17 metres (56 feet) tall with a circumference of 9 metres (30 feet) at the base. (Full article...)

List of recognized articles
Ailanthus altissima Ficus aurea Banksia aquilonia Ficus rubiginosa Ficus obliqua Banksia serrata Forestry in the United Kingdom Roystonea regia Brachychiton rupestris Acer pseudoplatanus Alnus glutinosa Acer rubrum Betula pendula Betula pubescens Durio graveolens Banksia menziesii Bidni Mingo Oak Old Tjikko Pi de les Tres Branques Sabinaria Simarouba amara Tree That Owns Itself Webster Sycamore Zombia Alloxylon flammeum Kauri gum Spruce Production Division Acacia pycnantha Ficus macrophylla Maple syrup Banksia dentata

List of recognized articles

Did you know? - show different entries

... that the Easter egg tree (pictured) in Saalfeld, Thuringia, was decorated with 10,000 Easter eggs in 2012?
... that the Living Willow Theatre, an open air theatre constructed of living willow trees, is located near the village of Llanwrthwl and occasionally holds outdoor performances of Shakespeare?
... that Wollemi Stringybark, a tree that grows to 45 metres (148 ft) high northwest of Sydney, remained undescribed until 2012?
... that Linton Park in Kent, England, has an avenue of Giant Sequoia trees planted in 1864?
... that the Eduardo Avaroa Andean Fauna National Reserve contains a "stone tree"?
... that the scarlet honey myrtle, an ornamental garden shrub, is from the same genus as the punk tree?
... that the towers of architect Terunobu Fujimori's Lamune Onsen have pine trees planted on the apex of their roofs?

Start a new article

Selected article - show another

Pinus sylvestris, the Scots pine (UK), Scotch pine (US), Baltic pine, or European red pine is a species of tree in the pine family Pinaceae that is native to Eurasia. It can readily be identified by its combination of fairly short, blue-green leaves and orange-red bark. (Full article...)

List of selected articles
Oak Eucalyptus Christmas tree Krummholz Bonsai Forest Coconut Trees in mythology Arecaceae Laricoideae Axel Erlandson Pine Spruce Fir Douglas fir Logging Olive Ficus Almond Cashew Juniper Sequoioideae Alnus rubra Fraxinus Fraxinus americana Eucalyptus fraxinoides Beech Populus tremuloides Birch Maple Apple Pear Ginkgo biloba Tree-kangaroo Adansonia Methuselah (tree) Vachellia erioloba Dracaena cinnabari Pando (tree) Illegal logging in Madagascar Arborist Genetically modified tree Pollarding Tree line Forest ring Theodore Lukens Mahogany Cedrus Wood economy Paubrasilia Larch Stone pine Populus sect. Aigeiros List of palms native to the Caribbean Taxus baccata Fab Tree Hab Treehouse Masters List of oldest trees Sequoia sempervirens Sequoiadendron giganteum Pinus albicaulis Brazil nut Crataegus laevigata Branch collar

List of selected articles

General images

The following are images from various tree-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Lepidodendron, an extinct lycophyte tree (from Tree)
Image 2Proportion and distribution of global forest area by climatic domain, 2020 (from Forest)
Image 3Common ash (Fraxinus excelsior), a deciduous broad-leaved (angiosperm) tree (from Tree)
Image 4Cracked thorny skin of a Aesculus tree seed (from Tree)
Image 5Fraxinus excelsior (from List of trees of Great Britain and Ireland)
Image 6Alnus glutinosa (from List of trees of Great Britain and Ireland)
Image 7Buds, leaves and reproductive structures of white fir, Abies alba (from Tree)
Image 8Priest River winding through Whitetail Butte with lots of forestry to the east—these lot patterns have existed since the mid-19th century. The white patches reflect areas with younger, smaller trees, where winter snow cover shows up brightly to the astronauts. Dark green-brown squares are parcels (from Forest)
Image 9Dormant buds of ash, Fraxinus excelsior (from Tree)
Image 10Temperate rainforest in Tasmania's Hellyer Gorge (from Forest)
Image 11Yggdrasil, the World Ash of Norse mythology (from Tree)
Image 12A forest near Vinitsa, North Macedonia (from Forest)
Image 13Roof trusses made from softwood (from Tree)
Image 14Share of forest area in total land area, top countries (2021) (from Forest)
Image 15Broadleaf forest in Bhutan (from Forest)
Image 16Northern beech (Fagus sylvatica) trunk in autumn (from Tree)
Image 17Share of land that is covered by forest (from Forest)
Image 18Malus sylvestris (from List of trees of Great Britain and Ireland)
Image 19Palms and cycads as they might have appeared in the middle Tertiary (from Tree)
Image 20Casentinesi Forests, Italy (from Forest)
Image 21Since the 13th century, the Niepołomice Forest in Poland has had special use and protection. In this view from space, different coloration can indicate different functions. (from Forest)
Image 22Informal upright style of bonsai on a juniper tree (from Tree)
Image 234000 years old Cypress of Abarqu is the oldest tree in Iran and the second oldest tree in the world. (from List of trees of Iran)
Image 24Redwood tree in northern California redwood forest, where many redwood trees are managed for preservation and longevity, rather than being harvested for wood production (from Forest)
Image 25Selling firewood at a market (from Tree)
Image 26A young red pine (Pinus resinosa) with spread of roots visible, as a result of soil erosion (from Tree)
Image 27Buttress roots of the kapok tree (Ceiba pentandra) (from Tree)
Image 28Latvian Pine Forest in Ķegums Municipality (from Forest)
Image 29Diagram of secondary growth in a eudicot or coniferous tree showing idealised vertical and horizontal sections. A new layer of wood is added in each growing season, thickening the stem, existing branches and roots. (from Tree)
Image 30Spiny forest at Ifaty, Madagascar, featuring various Adansonia (baobab) species, Alluaudia procera (Madagascar ocotillo) and other vegetation (from Forest)
Image 31Olive trees in Pakistan (from Trees of Pakistan)
Image 32Sugar maple (Acer saccharum) tapped to collect sap for maple syrup (from Tree)
Image 33The Daintree Rainforest (from Tree)
Image 34Rowan tree in Wicklow, Ireland (from List of trees of Great Britain and Ireland)
Image 35Conifers in the Swabian alps (from Tree)
Image 36Garibaldi Provincial Park, British Columbia (from Forest)
Image 37Latex collecting from a rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) (from Tree)
Image 38The General Sherman Tree, thought to be the world's largest by volume (from Tree)
Image 39The Amazon rainforest alongside the Solimões River, a tropical rainforest. These forests are the most biodiverse and productive ecosystems in the world. (from Forest)
Image 40Tall herbaceous monocotyledonous plants such as banana lack secondary growth, but are trees under the broadest definition. (from Tree)
Image 41Even, dense old-growth stand of beech trees (Fagus sylvatica) prepared to be regenerated by their saplings in the understory, in the Brussels part of the Sonian Forest. (from Forest)
Image 42People trees, by Pooktre (from Tree)
Image 43Neem tree at Sant Nenuram Ashram (from Trees of Pakistan)
Image 44Proportion of forest in protected areas, by region, 2020 (from Forest)
Image 45Form, leaves and reproductive structures of queen sago, Cycas circinalis (from Tree)
Image 46Yellow cassia, an ornamental tree with yellow flowers (from Tree)
Image 47An avenue of London planes (Platanus × hispanica) in a garden in Belgium. (from Tree)
Image 48Trees in art: Weeping Willow, Claude Monet, 1918 (from Tree)
Image 49European larch (Larix decidua), a coniferous tree which is also deciduous (from Tree)
Image 50Recently stripped cork oak (Quercus suber) (from Tree)
Image 51World production of selected forest products (from Forest)
Image 52A section of yew (Taxus baccata) showing 27 annual growth rings, pale sapwood and dark heartwood (from Tree)
Image 53Buds, leaves, flowers and fruit of pedunculate oak, Quercus robur (from Tree)
Image 54Forest in the Scottish Highlands (from Forest)
Image 55Burned forest on Thasos (from Forest)
Image 56Wind dispersed seed of elm (Ulmus), ash (Fraxinus) and maple (Acer) (from Tree)