Review waiting, please be patient.
This may take 8 weeks or more, since drafts are reviewed in no specific order. There are 1,807 pending submissions waiting for review.
Where to get help
How to improve a draft
You can also browse Wikipedia:Featured articles and Wikipedia:Good articles to find examples of Wikipedia's best writing on topics similar to your proposed article. Improving your odds of a speedy review To improve your odds of a faster review, tag your draft with relevant WikiProject tags using the button below. This will let reviewers know a new draft has been submitted in their area of interest. For instance, if you wrote about a female astronomer, you would want to add the Biography, Astronomy, and Women scientists tags. Editor resources
Reviewer tools
|
Submission declined on 13 December 2024 by AirshipJungleman29 (talk). This submission is not suitable for Wikipedia. Please read "What Wikipedia is not" for more information.
Where to get help
How to improve a draft
You can also browse Wikipedia:Featured articles and Wikipedia:Good articles to find examples of Wikipedia's best writing on topics similar to your proposed article. Improving your odds of a speedy review To improve your odds of a faster review, tag your draft with relevant WikiProject tags using the button below. This will let reviewers know a new draft has been submitted in their area of interest. For instance, if you wrote about a female astronomer, you would want to add the Biography, Astronomy, and Women scientists tags. Editor resources
This draft has been resubmitted and is currently awaiting re-review. |
Submission declined on 3 December 2024 by TheTechie (talk). While your draft has many sources, please don't forget to cite your sources inline. Declined by TheTechie 13 days ago. |
- Comment: Can you add in-text citations? Significa liberdade (she/her) (talk) 01:59, 2 December 2024 (UTC)
This is a list of notable Hindustani Muslims from history and modern day. It includes notable people from the Muhajir (Pakistan) community who migrated from India to Pakistan in the 1947 Partition of India. It also includes Muslims who chose to stay in India.
Delhi Sultanate era
- Nusrat Khan Jalesari – One of the main Generals of Alauddin Khilji.[1]
- Zafar Khan (Indian general) – Indian Muslim General of Alauddin.[2]
- Malik Kafur – General of Alauddin Khilji; a slave turned general.
- Haji Maula – Indian Muslim officer who led an unsuccessful rebellion against Allauddin, Rebellions against Alauddin Khalji.[3][4]
- Malik Maqbul Tilangani – Deccani convert, and Wazir of the Delhi Sultanate under Firuz Shah Tughlaq; also the governor of Hyderabad.[5][6]
- Malik Nayak – Indian Muslim general; led the Battle of Amroha against the Mongols.[7]
Rulers of the Carnatic Sultanate
- Anwaruddin Khan – (Subedar of Thatta, Given title "Bahadur" by Aurangzeb, had several victories against the Marathas. He was also the Yameen-Us-Sultanat (Right hand man) of Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah I )[8][9][10][11]
- Muhammad Ali Khan Wallajah – (Known for his contributions to strengthening the Nawab's rule and alliances with the British.He had several Victories Against the French East India Company, at the Siege of Arcot where he was allied with Robert Clive and Battle of Golden Rock with Stringer Lawrence)[12][13][14]
- Umdat ul-Umara– (Covert ally of Tipu Sultan in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War)[15] [16]
Notable figures of the Indian Rebellion of 1857
- Ahmadullah Shah : Participated in the Battle of Chinhat, that defeated infamous Henry Lawrence (Indian Army officer). George Bruce Malleson describes his military skills : "Maulavi was the only one who could have dared to defeat Sir Colin Campbell twice."[17][18][19]
- Barkat Ahmad : Sepoy Mutineer, Known for his role in commanding rebels against british in Battle of Chinhat.[20][21][22][23]
- Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi : Conducted meetings with Bahadur Shah Zafar to develop plans to incite rebellions against East India Company. Later Arrested and sent to exile in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.[24][25][26][27]
- Maulvi Liaquat Ali : A prominent leader of the Indian Rebellion of 1857 from Allahabad, known for leading the resistance against British rule in the region. Gained Control of Khusro Bagh for a while.[28][29][30]
- Begum Hazrat Mahal : One of the few women who led rebels to victory at Siege of Lucknow.[31] [32]
- Imdadullah Muhajir Makki : An Islamic scholar and freedom fighter who played an active role during the 1857 revolt, him and his companions defeated the British at the Battle of Shamli.[33][34][35][36]
- Maulvi Muhammad Baqir : The editor of Delhi Urdu Akhbar and a prominent figure in the 1857 revolt, executed by the British for his revolutionary activities.[37][38][39]
- Maulvi Allauddin : A freedom fighter from the 1857 rebellion, known for his role in organizing resistance in Hyderabad. With Turrebaz Khan they led an attack on the British Residency, Hyderabad.[40]
- Sadruddin Khan Azurda Dehlawi : A poet, scholar, and judge in Delhi, associated with the cultural and intellectual revival of the Mughal court, as well as the Indian Rebellion of 1857. Closely Associated with Ghalib.[41][42]
- Nawab Majju Khan : A revolutionary leader during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, known for leading uprisings in the Bareilly region. Served as the commander of the Last Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar.[43][44][45][46][47][48]
- Bakht Khan : Commander in Chief of the rebel forces in the Siege of Delhi. One of the most prominent leaders in the rebellion, described by the British as a "most intelligent character".[49][50]
Notable military figures
- Syed Ahmad Barelvi: An Islamic scholar and leader of the Mujahideen movement in the early 19th century,Led an army to victory against the Sikh Empire at the Battle of Akora Khattak.[51][52][53]
- Shah Abdul Aziz Dehlavi: Islamic scholar, theologian, and a key figure in the early reform movements in India.[54][55][56]
- Shah Ismail Dehlvi: An Islamic scholar and freedom fighter, known for his efforts to revive Islamic teachings and his role in armed resistance with Syed Ahmad Barelvi.[57][58][59]
- Isa Khan: His ancestors hailed from Awadh , leader of the Baro-Bhuyan in Bengal. During his reign, he successfully unified the chieftains of Bengal and resisted the Mughal invasion of Bengal. It was only after his death that the region fell totally under Mughal control.[60][61][62][63]
- Masum Khan: Grandson of Isa Khan, a Mughal general who participated in the Siege of Hooghly against the Portuguese and participated in the invasion of Assam in 1636.[64]
- Malik Ahmad Nizam Shah I: The founder of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate and a key figure in the Deccan's history.[65]
- Hasan Khan Mewati: A Rajput-Muslim ruler of Mewat who fought alongside Rana Sanga against Babur at the Battle of Khanwa. Known for his bravery at the Battle of Panipat (1526) where he supported Ibrahim Khan Lodi.[66][67]
- Munim Khan II: A Grand Vizier of the Mughal Empire during the reign Bahadur Shah I, powerful nobleman who also participated in the Battle of Jajau.[68][69]
- Shaikh Farid Bukhari: A Mughal nobleman and general. Served as the Bakhshi (Mughal Empire) under Akbar. Known for suppressing the rebellion of Khusrau Mirza. As governor of Punjab he was given the task to execute Sikh Guru Arjan.[70][71]
- Raja Akbar Ali: A zamindar and leader in the 1781 revolt in Bihar against the British East India Company, commanding a force of 4000 Matchlock men.
- Murshid Quli Khan: The first Nawab of Bengal, credited with founding the autonomous Nawabdom of Bengal. Also credited with playing an important role in determining financial strategies of the sharia in the Fatawa 'Alamgiri. Founded the city Murshidabad.[72]
- Almas Ali Khan: A commander of the forces of Awadh playing a crucial role during the Nawab's rule.
- Ali Muhammad Khan (Awadh): A general in the army of the Nawab of Awadh, active during the early stages of British expansion.
- Musa Khan of Bengal: Inheritor of the throne of Sonargaon after his father Isa Khan of Bengal's death. He successfully resisted mughal expansion in Bengal for a decade. When his rule finally came to an end he chose to become loyal to the Mughal Empire and actively took part in the conquests of Tripura and suppression of a revolt in Kamrup district.[73][74]
- Fateh Bahadur Sahi: Waged a successful 20 year Guerilla campaign against the East India Company from 1767 onwards.His repeated incursions had crippled revenue collection in the area. Also took part in the 1781 revolt in Bihar alongside Raja Narain Singh and Raja akbar ali.[75][76]
- Roshan-ud-Daulah: Grand vizier of mughal empire in the reign of Muhammad Shah, most powerful noble in the court of Muhammad Shah.[77]
- Muqarrab Khan: Overthrew Abul Hasan Qutb Shah by allying with Aurangzeb at the Siege of Golconda.After doing this he became the De facto ruler of Golconda.He also captured the infamous Maratha King Sambhaji , the son of Shivaji at Sangameshwar. Whom he presented to Aurangzeb.[78][79][80]
- Sayyid brothers: Powerful noblemen in the Mughal Empire who long served in the leadership of the mughal armies. Near the Decline of the Mughal Empire they held immense power and practically controlled who would sit on the throne.[81][82][83]
- Khan Dowran VII: Mughal statesman and general. He was made Samsam ud-Daula (Sword of the State),was the Mir Bakshi and Amir-ul-Umara. He was the head of all the imperial nobility and the commander-in-chief of the Mughal army during the reign of Muhammad Shah, and served the Emperor until his death at the Battle of Karnal. In this battle he was praised by Nader Shah for being one of the few who remained loyal to the mughal emperor.
List of notable Muhajirs in Pakistan
- Pervez Musharraf: President of Pakistan from 2001-2008 , Seen as the main architect of Kargil War, led Pakistani response in the 2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff, toppled Nawaz Sharif's government in the 1999 Pakistani coup d'état. Linked with the assassination of Benazir Bhutto, involved in the killing of Akbar Bugti. [84][85][86]
- Shamim Alam Khan: 4-star rank general, Sitara-e-Jurat in Indo-Pakistani war of 1965, involved in the Somali Civil War (2009–present). Served as an advisor to Jordan, for which he got the highest military award of Jordan for.[87][88]
- Mirza Aslam Beg: Third Chief of the Army Staff (Pakistan). Accused of being behind the plane crash that killed Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq. Known for his role in gathering thousands volunteers for Soviet–Afghan War.[89] [90]
- Muhammad Mahmood Alam: Known as the "Little Dragon". Flying ace for shooting down 5 Indian Airforce jets in less than a minute in the Indo-Pakistani war of 1965. M. M. Alam Road is named after him[91][92][93]
- Agha Hasan Abedi: Founder of Bank of Credit and Commerce International ,one of the fastest growing banks in the world. Got convicted for opening accounts and money laundering for people like Saddam Hussein, Manuel Noriega,Pablo Escobar, Abu Nidal Organization, and Pakistani nuclear programme.[94][95][96]
- FS Hussain: Renowned Pioneer Pakistan Air Force pilot, "King of Fury,". As commander his students included pilots like Muhammad Mahmood Alam and Saiful Azam. His aerobatic skills left personalities like Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and the commander of RAF Middle East Command Arthur Tedder, 1st Baron Tedder extremely impressed.[97][98][99][100]
- Kasim Razvi: Founder of the Razakars (Hyderabad) militia to resist Hyderabad being part of India. Accused of Hindu Massacres in hyderabad also shown in the movie : Razakar - Silent Genocide of Hyderabad.[101][102][103]
- Masroor Hosain: Air Commodore in the Pakistan Air Force, Known for playing a crucial role in managing operations in the Indo-Pakistani war of 1965, Led the staff at the primary radar station at Sakesar. PAF Base Masroor is named after him.[104][105][106][107][108]
- Altaf Hussain (Pakistani politician): Founder of Muttahida Qaumi Movement – London, major political movement in Karachi.Co-Founded MQM Violence (1994–2016), militant wing of MQM alongside Imran Farooq.[109][110][111]
- Syed Shahid Hamid: Credited to creating Inter-Services Intelligence from scratch in karachi alongside Walter Cawthorn.[112]
- Abdul Qadeer Khan: Father of Pakistan's nuclear program. Awarded Nishan-e-Imtiaz and Hilal-i-Imtiaz.[113][114]
- Muhammad Raziuddin Siddiqui: Pakistani Physicist, studied Mathematics and Quantum mechanics under Albert Einstein; awarded for his contributions to Pakistan's nuclear program Sitara-i-Imtiaz , Hilal-i-Imtiaz, Nishan-e-Imtiaz. Previosuly worked in Europe carrying out nuclear research in the Force de dissuasion and Nuclear weapons of the United Kingdom. Also involved in the original Manhattan Project.[115][116][117]
- Syed Mohammad Ahsan: Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Navy. Saw action in the Battle of the Atlantic against the Kriegsmarine. Also served in the Arakan campaign (1942–1943), and the Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II. He got the Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom) for his valor in WW2. Later he was appointed the Aide-de-camp to Lord Mountbatten.[118][119][120]
- Colonel Ghuffar Mehdi: Was awarded the Military Cross by Claude Auchinleck for serving in Burma campaign. One of the pioneer officers of Special Service Group. Led about a hundred of Mahsud tribesmen to victory against the afghans in the Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes in the 1960s. [1]
- Sulaiman Nadvi: Pakistani deobandi scholar, co author of the Sirat al-Nabi. Close Associate of Muhammad Iqbal, who used to refer to him as "Ustad-Ul-Kul" (Teacher of All), and is said to have approached him on religious matters.[121][122]
Notable Muslims from India
- Mohammad Usman : Known as "Sher-e-Naushera" he played a critical role in defending the Jammu and Kashmir region against tribal invaders backed by Pakistan. At the time of partition 1947, Pakistan offered him the position of Chief of the Army Staff (Pakistan) but he refused and chose to stay in India. In the war where he defended Nowshera, Jammu and Kashmir and Jhangar Pakistan put a prize of 50,000 Rs for his head. He was awarded the Maha Vir Chakra.[123][124][125][126][127][128]
- Abdul Hamid (soldier):Indian Army soldier awarded the Param Vir Chakra, India's highest military decoration, for his heroics during the 1965 Indo-Pakistani War, especially in destroying Pakistani tanks in the Battle of Asal Uttar.[129][130][131][132]
- Brigadier Israr Rahim Khan: Senior Indian Army officer involved in Operation Blue Star; controversial figure due to his association with the Sikh Massacre during the 1984 anti-Sikh riots. [2]
- Mohammad Ahmed Zaki: Former Lieutenant General of the Indian Army and the first Muslim commandant of the Indian Military Academy, with a distinguished service record in various military operations.[133]
- Muhammad Ahmad Said Khan Chhatari: Nawab of Chhatari , governor of the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh and President of the Executive council of Nizam of Hyderabad.[134][135][136]
- Khuda Bakhsh: Indian Muslim historian, scholar and chief justice of the supreme court of Nizam of Hyderabad. His ancestors were involved in the compilation of Fatawa 'Alamgiri. He was a close friend of Shibli Nomani and Syed Ahmad Khan.[137][138][139]
- Shaukat Ali (politician): Indian muslim politican, notable leaders of the Khilafat Movement. Later on an important member of the All-India Muslim League. Close political ally and campaigner for Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Also said to have supplied weapons to indian revolutionaries like Sachindra Nath Sanyal.[140][141]
- Shibli Nomani: Indian muslim Islamic scholar, poet and historian he taught Persian and Arabic languages at Aligarh for 16 years, where he met Thomas Arnold. He travelled with Thomas Arnold in 1892 to the Ottoman Empire including Syria, Turkey and Egypt. In Istanbul, he received a medal from Sultan Abdul Hamid II.[142][143][144][145][146]
- Daagh Dehlvi: Famous Indian Muslim Poet, his father was hanged under charges of the assassination of William Fraser (British India civil servant). He was the Court poet under Mahboob Ali Khan who gave him many titles one of which was : Muqrib-us-Sultan. His disciples included people like Muhammad Iqbal, Hassan Raza Khan.[147][148][149][150][151][152][153]
- Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari: Former President of the Indian National Congress and All-India Muslim League, one of the founders of the Jamia Millia University. Outspoken supporter of the Khilafat Movement, also led a medical mission to treat wounded Ottoman soldiers in the Balkan Wars.[154][155][156][157]
- Ashfaqulla Khan: Indian Muslim revolutionary, co-founder of Hindustan Republican Association, involved in the Kakori conspiracy.[158][159][160][161]
- Dawood Ibrahim: Founder of the infamous D-Company. He was designated a global terrorist by India and the United States in 2003, with a reward of US$25 million on his head for his suspected role in the 1993 Bombay bombings. In 2011, he was named number two on "The World's 10 Most Wanted Fugitives" by the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation and fourth on Forbes'.[162][163][164][165][166][167]
- Sayyid Qutb: An Egyptian revolutionary. Qutb's paternal ancestry can be traced back to the Indian subcontinent, with his 6th grandfather migrating from India to Egypt. He is credited to be the father of Salafi jihadism. He was also convicted for plotting the assassination of Gamal Abdel Nasser.[168][169]
See also
References
- ^ Chandra, Satish (2007). Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals-Delhi Sultanat (1206–1526) - Part One. p. 267. Satish Chandra (2007) Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals-Delhi Sultanat (1206–1526) - Part One. p. 267.
- ^ Chandra, Satish. Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals-Delhi Sultanat (1206-1526) - Part One. p. 267. ISBN 9788124110645. Alauddin's wazir was Nusrat Khan Jalesar, and Zafar Khan his Mir Arz. Both were famous warriors but were non-Turks, possibly Indian Muslims.
- ^ "The Delhi Sultnat [sic] : (A.D. 1206-1526) | WorldCat.org". search.worldcat.org. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
- ^ "History of the K̲h̲aljis (1290-1320) | WorldCat.org". search.worldcat.org. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
- ^ Jayapalan, N. (2001). History of India. Atlantic Publishers & Distributors (P) Limited. p. 70. ISBN 978-81-7156-928-1. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
- ^ Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. p. 97.
- ^ Banarsi Prasad Saksena (1992) [1970]. "The Khaljis: Alauddin Khalji". In Mohammad Habib; Khaliq Ahmad Nizami (eds.). A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206-1526). Vol. 5 (Second ed.). The Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House.
- ^ Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers: Muzaffarnagar. Government of Uttar Pradesh. 1988. p. 42.
- ^ "Newabs". Prince of Arcot. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
- ^ "BABUJI NAIK DEFEATED". 20 May 2024.
- ^ "BACK STORY – ANWARUDDIN KHAN". 13 May 2024.
- ^ Naravane, M.S. (2014). Battles of the Honorourable East India Company. A.P.H. Publishing Corporation. p. 156.
- ^ Clive by Bence-Jones, page 48.
- ^ Orme, Robert (1780). History of the Military Transaction of the British nation in Indostan from the MDCCXLV (3rd ed.). Vol-001. London. p. 289.
- ^ Ghulam Husainy Umdat ul-Umara ( 1795-1801 )". The Prince of Arcot. 19 February 2024.
- ^ "A rare manuscript report on the secret alliance between Tipu Sultan and the nawabs of the Carnatic, signed by the author N. B. Edmonstone (1765-1841) as Persian translator to the government of Bengal".
- ^ Maulavi Ahmad Ullah Shah and Great revolt of 1857". National Book Trust, India website (Book by Rashmi Kumari). Retrieved 27 August 2019.
- ^ Madhulika Dash (8 January 2015). "Food Story: How India's favourite flatbread Roti was born". The Indian Express (newspaper). Retrieved 27 August 2019.
- ^ Sonal Gupta. "Battle of Chinhat: A Wilful Amnesia?". Times of India (newspaper). Archived from the original on 8 December 2017. Retrieved 27 August 2019.
- ^ Gott, Richard (7 November 2011). Britain's Empire: Resistance, Repression and Revolt. Verso Books.
- ^ Bhargava, Sangeeta (25 July 2011). The World Beyond. Allison & Busby.
- ^ "Battle of Chinhat and Barkat Ahmad". Sonal Gupta The Times Group. Archived from the original on 8 December 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
- ^ Jaques, Tony (2007). E-book, Battle and Sieges. Bloomsbury Academic.
- ^ Sircar, Jawhar (8 May 2017). "Andaman's Cellular jail holds lessons for the current Indian polity". DNA India. Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ Ali Sardar Jafri. Bharatiya Jnanpith. 2001.
- ^ "Allama Fazle Haq Khairabadi – the scholarly rebel of 1857". The Nation. 23 January 2021. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Independence Day Special: अल्लामा फजले हक को फातवा देने पर मिली थी काला पानी की सजा Lucknow News". Dainik Jagran. Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ The Shaping of Modern Gujarat: Plurality, Hindutva, and Beyond By Acyuta Yājñika, Suchitra Sheth, Page 96.
- ^ Freedom Struggle in Uttar Pradesh by S.A.A Rizvi, Vol iv.
- ^ Maulvi Liaquat Ali icon of 1857 uprising at Allahbad by Prof. A.P Bhatangar.
- ^ Michael Edwardes (1975) Red Year. London: Sphere Books; p. 104.
- ^ William Dalrymple The Last Mughal; the fall of a dynasty: Delhi, 1857, Viking Penguin, 2006, p. 69.
- ^ Kassam, Zayn R.; Greenberg, Yudit Kornberg; Bagli, Jehan, eds. (2018). Islam, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism. Encyclopedia of Indian Religions. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. ISBN 978-94-024-1267-3.
- ^ Rizvi, T. H. (1986). "Haji Imdadullah of Thana Bhawan : A Brief Survey of His Life and Work (18181899)".
- ^ Faruqi, Nisar Ahmad (1988–2016). "İMDÂDULLAH TEHÂNEVÎ".
- ^ Asir Adrawi. Tazkirah Mashāhīr-e-Hind: Karwān-e-Rafta (in Urdu) (2 April 2016 ed.). Deoband: Darul Muallifeen. p. 44.
- ^ Rizvi, "A socio-intellectual History of Isna Ashari Shi'is in India", Vol. 2, p. 98, Mar'ifat Publishing House, Canberra (1986).
- ^ Rizvi, "A socio-intellectual History of Isna Ashari Shi'is in India", Vol. 2, p. 100, Mar'ifat Publishing House, Canberra (1986).
- ^ Ahamed, Syed Naseer (15 September 2018). "Moulvi Mohammad Baqir : First editor who sacrifice his life and became martyr for the freedom of our India". HeritageTimes. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
- ^ "Maulvi Alauddin- the other hero". The Times of India. 11 September 2016. Retrieved 23 September 2019.
- ^ Islahi, Abdur Rehman Pervaz, Mufti Sadruddin Hayat, Shakhsiyat, Ilm our Adabi Karname, published by Maktaba Jamia Delhi, 1977 – via rekhta.org.
- ^ "All writings of Mufti Sadruddin Aazurda". Rekhta.
- ^ "रहमान, उबैदुर (2022-08-14). "भुलाई नहीं जा सकती शहीद नवाब मज्जू खां की कुर्बानी, इनके डर से पहाड़ों में छिप गए थे अंग्रेज". www.abplive.com (in Hindi). Retrieved 2024-03-06".
- ^ ""झंडारोहण के बाद नवाब मज्जू खां की मजार पर चादरपोशी की". Hindustan (in Hindi). Retrieved 2024-03-06".
- ^ 1857 in the Muslim Historiography. Sang-e-Meel Publications. 2007. ISBN 978-969-35-1970-9.
- ^ "Moradabad News: नवाब मज्जू खां की शहादत को नहीं भूलेंगे देशवासी". Amar Ujala (in Hindi). Retrieved 2024-03-06.
- ^ "हमेशा याद रहेंगे मुरादाबाद के आजादी के दीवाने नवाब मज्जू खां, पढ़ें नवाब मज्जू खां की शौर्य गाथा" [Will always be remembered Nawab Majju Khan the freedom lover of Moradabad read the heroic story of Nawab Majju Khan]. Jagran (in Hindi).
- ^ "15 AUGUST 2018: आजादी के इस नायक ने अंग्रेजों को शहर से खदेड़ा था,लेकिन गद्दारों की थी फिर ये हरकत". Patrika News (in 2018-08-12). Retrieved 2024-12-07.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Bakht Khan: shrouded by the sands of time". The Express Tribune. 27 January 2011.
- ^ Dalrymple, William (2007). The Last Mughal. Bloomsbury. p. 285. ISBN 978-0-7475-8726-2.
- ^ Ayesha Jalal (30 June 2009). Partisans of Allah: Jihad in South Asia. Harvard University Press. p. 71.
- ^ Zubair Zafar, Khan (2010). A critical study of Moulana Abdul Hasan Ali nadwis islamic thought (Thesis). India: Department of Islamic Studies, Aligarh Muslim University. p. 146.
- ^ ltaf Qadir (2014). Sayyid Ahmad Barailvi: His Movement and Legacy from the Pukhtun Perspective. SAGE Publishing India.
- ^ "Al-Farouq Newsletter Vol 1, No 3". Archived from the original on 2010-06-13. Retrieved 2014-02-09.
- ^ John Kelsay (2015). "Jihad". Islamic Political Thought: An Introduction. Princeton University Press. pp. 86–104.
- ^ Two communalisms and the season of hate – Part I". Times of India Blog. 2013-01-18. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
- ^ Profile of Sikh ruler Ranjit Singh on Encyclopedia Britannica Retrieved 16 August 2018.
- ^ Profile of Dehlvi on books.google.com website Retrieved 16 August 2018.
- ^ Sinan Siyech, Mohammed (4 February 2020). "What Makes a Movement Violent: Comparing the Ahle Hadith (Salafists) in India and Pakistan".
- ^ Chisti, AA Sheikh Muhammad Asrarul Hoque (2012). "Isa Khan". In Sirajul Islam; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
- ^ Chakrabarti, Kunal; Chakrabarti, Shubhra (2013). Historical Dictionary of the Bengalis.
- ^ Sen, Dineshchandra (1988). The Ballads of Bengal. Vol. 2. Mittal Publications. p. 322.
- ^ Ahmed, Salahuddin (2004). Bangladesh: Past and Present. APH Publishing. p. 63. ISBN 978-81-7648-469-5. Archived from the original on 26 December 2019. Retrieved 20 September 2018.
- ^ Khan, Muazzam Hossain (2012). "Masum Khan". In Sirajul Islam; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
- ^ Ferishta, Mahomed Kasim (1829). History of the Rise of the Mahometan Power in India, till the year A.D. 1612 Volume III. Translated by Briggs, John. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green.
- ^ "تاریخ میوچھتری | ریختہ". Rekhta (in Urdu). Retrieved 2024-12-03.
- ^ ""अलवर का वीर देशभक्त सपूत, जिससे बाबर भी घबराता था, बाबर के खिलाफ जमकर किया था युद्ध | Hasan Khan Mewati Alwar Story In Hindi". Patrika News (in Hindi). 18 December 2018. Retrieved 7 November 2023".
- ^ William Irvine (1971). Later Mughal. Atlantic Publishers & Distri. p. 125.
- ^ Keshavlal H. Kamdar (1933). History of the Mughal Rule in India, 1526-1761.
- ^ Mohammad Akram Lari Azad (1990). Religion and Politics in India During the Seventeenth Century. the University of Michigan.
- ^ Singh, Pashaura (28 September 2006), "The Martyrdom Of Guru Arjan", Life and Work of Guru Arjan, Oxford University Press, pp. 205–235.
- ^ This finds a mention in Tarikh-i-Bangala (Munshi Salimullah; 1763-64) but not in the Riyaz-us-Salatin (Ghulam Husain Salīm Zaidpuri; 1787). Both the works were commissioned by officers of the East India Company; Zaidpuri had cited Salimullah among his sources.
- ^ uazzam Hussain Khan (2012). "Musa Khan". In Sirajul Islam; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
- ^ Feroz, M A Hannan (2009). 400 years of Dhaka. Ittyadi. p. 12.
- ^ Sinha, J. N. (21 May 2011). "Vignettes from an age of war". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
- ^ Anand A. Yang; Professor and Chair and Professor Golub Professor of International Studies Anand A Yang (1 January 1989). The Limited Raj: Agrarian Relations in Colonial India, Saran District, 1793-1920. University of California Press. pp. 63–68.
- ^ Praveen Kumar (2017). Complete Indian History for IAS Exam. Educreation Publishing. p. 267.
- ^ Athar Ali (1968). The Mughal Nobility Under Aurangzeb. p. 217.
- ^ William Crooke (2017). A New Account of East India and Persia. Being Nine Years' Travels, 1672-1681, by John Fryer: Volumes I-III. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781317187424. Shaikh Nizam (Khanzaman Dakhini) is well known; but he did not leave the Hyderabad and enter the Mogul service until 1687.
- ^ (India), Maharashtra (1972). Maharashtra State Gazetteers: Nanded. p. XVI.
- ^ Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. p. 193.
- ^ Mohammad Yasin. Upper India Publishing House. 1958. p. 18.
- ^ Krishna S. Dhir (2022). The Wonder That Is Urdu. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 119.
- ^ Chitkara, M. G. "Pervez Bonaparte Musharraf Archived 1 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine". Indo-Pak Relations: Challenges before New Millennium. New Delhi: A.P.H. Pub., 2001. pp. 135–36 ISBN 8176482722.
- ^ Weiner, Tim. "Countdown to Pakistan's Coup: A Duel of Nerves in the Air", The New York Times Archived 6 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine (17 October 1999).
- ^ Masood, Salman (26 December 2003). "Pakistani Leader Escapes Attempt at Assassination". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 17 December 2019. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
- ^ General Shamim Alam Khan". lawrencecollege.edu.pk. Lawrence College Ghora Gali Murree. Retrieved 25 December 2017.
- ^ Illustrated Weekly of Pakistan. Pakistan Herald Publications. 1966.
- ^ "Ahmed, Khaled (7 December 2012). "Who killed General Zia?". The Express Tribune, 2012. Archived from the original on 23 February 2013. Retrieved 24 March 2013".
- ^ Fountainhead of Jihad The Haqqani Nexus, 1973-2012.
- ^ M. M. Alam passes away in Karachi". Dawn newspaper. 18 March 2013. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
- ^ Iqbal, Arif. "Eye-witness to M.M. Alam's encounter with the IAF". PAKISTAN INSTITUTE FOR AIR DEFENCE STUDIES website. Archived from the original on 30 April 2003. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
- ^ Pakistan's Sabre Ace by Jon Guttman, Aviation History, Sept 1998.
- ^ ""Agha Hasan Abedi; Banker Founded BCCI". Los Angeles Times. 6 August 1995".
- ^ "The man behind the bust: a chance encounter that changed history". The Express Tribune newspaper. 13 April 2015. Retrieved 15 January 2017.
- ^ Walsh, Conal (19 January 2003). "Spies hide as Bank faces BCCI charges". The Guardian.
- ^ Qadri, Azam (2014). Sentinels in the Sky: A Saga of PAF's Gallant Air Warriors. PAF Book Club. pp. 12–19.
- ^ Khan, Mohammad Ayub (1966). Ayub, Soldier and Statesman. p. 408.
- ^ Sprigg, Theodore Stanhope; Marsh, William Lockwood; Bracken, C. P.; Whittle, W. C. M. (1967). Who's who in British Aviation.
- ^ "Air Commodore FS Hussain: The pioneer of PAF aerobatics". The News International. 23 March 2019.
- ^ "This day, that year: How Hyderabad became a part of the union of India".
- ^ "Accession of Hyderabad: When a battle by cables forced the Nizam's hand". The Hindu.
- ^ "Telangana polls: BJP borrows from Hyderabad history to recast Modi as Vallabhbhai Patel, paints KCR as 'new Nizam'".
- ^ Globe. Vol. 4. 1991. p. 89.
- ^ Khan, Mohammad Ayub (2007). Diaries of Field Marshal Mohammad Ayub Khan, 1966-1972. Oxford University Press. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-19-547442-8.
- ^ Shaheen Journal of the Pakistan Air Force. Vol. 31. 1984. p. 42.
- ^ "PAF Base Sakesar".
- ^ Fricker, John (1979). Battle for Pakistan: the air war of 1965. I. Allan. ISBN 9780711009295.
- ^ "ATC declares Altaf Hussain a 'fugitive'". dailypakistan.com.pk. 1 August 2015.
- ^ "Pakistan court sentences MQM chief Altaf Hussain to 81 years in jail". Deccan Chronicle. 12 October 2015.
- ^ The rise and fall of Altaf Hussain". The Hindu. 8 September 2016. He was called a Pir Sahib for many years, Quaid-e-Tehrik (leader of the movement), Rahber (guide), and always Altaf Bhai.
- ^ "Major General Shahid Hamid - AbeBooks". www.abebooks.com. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
- ^ "Overview of Dr.Abdul Qadeer Khan's Life on his 83rd Birth Anniversary". ARY News. 1 April 2019. Archived from the original on 10 October 2021. Retrieved 19 September 2021.
- ^ "Tribute to Dr A Q Khan". Pakistan Observer. 2 April 2021. Archived from the original on 10 October 2021. Retrieved 19 September 2021.
- ^ Khan, Aqeel (7 June 2001). "Development of the Nuclear Power Industry in Pakistan". scribd.com. Dr. Aqeel Khan, Ryerson University Press. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
- ^ Khan, Ahmed S. (15 August 2010). "Our own Einstein". Dawn. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
- ^ Shahid-Ur-, Rehman (1999). "Ibid". Long Road To Chagai. Islamabad, Pakistan: Print Wise Publication. p. 10.
- ^ Iftikhar-ul-Awwal (2006). "Life Sketches: Lieutenant-Governors, Governors and Presidents". Hundred Years of Bangabhaban 1905–2005. Press Wing Bangabhaban. pp. 333–334. ISBN 978-984-32-1583-3.
- ^ Singh, Satyindra (1992). Blueprint to Bluewater, the Indian Navy, 1951–65. Lancer Publishers. ISBN 9788170621485. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
- ^ Carter, Captain Harry (2012). The Life and Loves of a United States Naval Aviator. iUniverse. ISBN 9781475950724. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
- ^ Profile and books by Sulaiman Nadvi on Archived Open Library (California State Library) website. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
- ^ "Pioneers of Freedom Series 14 August 1992 - Profile of Syed Sulaiman Nadvi (scroll down to read title 'Pioneers of Freedom)". Archived from the original on 24 August 2019. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
- ^ "Tributes paid to Brigadier Usman", The Hindu, 5 July 2004.
- ^ Vinay Kumar, Leading from the front, The Hindu, 19 August 2012.
- ^ Brig Mohammad Usman's death anniversary commemorated, Business Standard, 3 July 2015.
- ^ About Battle of Naushera, Naushera Defence Academy, retrieved 23 March 2019.
- ^ "A Lion, To The Last". Outlook. 29 January 2022. Retrieved 22 January 2024.
- ^ itation on Brig. Usman given on his Regiment's website". Archived from the original on 8 June 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
- ^ Abdul Hamid death anniversary: Lesser-known facts about the Indian Army soldier posthumously conferred with the Param Vir Chakra, News9, 10 September 2022.
- ^ Cardozo, Major General Ian (retd.) (2003), Param Vir: Our Heroes in Battle, New Delhi: Roli Books, ISBN 978-81-7436-262-9.
- ^ Cardozo, Major General Ian (retd.) (2003), Param Vir: Our Heroes in Battle, New Delhi: Roli Books, ISBN 978-81-7436-262-9.
- ^ Chakravorty, B.C. (1995), Stories of Heroism: PVC & MVC Winners, New Delhi: Allied Publishers, ISBN 978-81-7023-516-3.
- ^ "Mohammad Ahmed Zaki". Thank You Indian Army. December 2017. Retrieved 21 March 2023.
- ^ "Ahmad, Said Khan (1889–1982)". Dictionary of Indian Biography. Varanasi: Indian Bibliographic Centre. 2000. pp. 8–9. ISBN 81-85131-15-5.
- ^ Who's who in India, Burma & Ceylon. Who's who Publishers India. 1936. p. 307.
- ^ "Chief Minister". Uplegisassembly.gov.in. Archived from the original on 12 August 2013. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
- ^ "Historical Perspective". Kblibrary.bih.nic.in. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
- ^ "Khuda Baksh Khan | District Siwan, Government Of Bihar | India". Siwan.nic.in. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
- ^ Sarkar, Jadunath (1920). Khuda Bakhsh: The Indian Bodley. Longmans, Green and Company. pp. 270–286.
- ^ "Profile of Shaukat Ali (politician) Maulana Shaukat Ali". storyofpakistan.com website. 1 June 2003. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
- ^ Mittal, S. K.; Habib, Irfan (1982). "The Congress and the Revolutionaries in the 1920s". Social Scientist. 10 (6): 20–37. doi:10.2307/3517065. ISSN 0970-0293. JSTOR 3517065. doi:10.2307/3517065. JSTOR 3517065.
- ^ Yeaqub, Md (2018). "Analytical Study Of Allamah Shibli's Persian Poetry" (PDF). Global Journal for Research Analysis. 7 (10): 88. ISSN 2277-8160.
- ^ "How Urdu and India Influenced Afghan and Iranian Reformers". thewire.in. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ^ Hasan, Mushirul. "Pan-Islamism versus Indian Nationalism? A Reappraisal." Economic and Political Weekly (1986): 1075.
- ^ Ahmad, Anis & Özervarli, M.Sait (2010). "ŞİBLÎ NU'MÂNÎ". TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 39 (Şeri̇f Paşa – Tanzanya) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 126–129. ISBN 978-975-389-632-0.
- ^ Profile of Shibli Nomani by Ian Henderson Douglas on shibliacademy.org website Published 16 March 2009, Retrieved 16 July 2020.
- ^ Profile of Dagh Dehlvi on goodreads.com website Retrieved 17 May 2018.
- ^ J.S. Ifthekhar (20 March 2012). "Dagh was the toast of the town in his heydays". The Hindu (newspaper). Retrieved 17 May 2018.
- ^ Profile of Dagh Dehlvi on urdupoetry.com website Published 28 August 2001, Retrieved 17 May 2018.
- ^ "Flashback: Remembering a Mughal city Dawn (newspaper), Published 15 January 2012, Retrieved 17 May 2018".
- ^ Omair Ahmad (14 September 2013). "An incandescent star, a polyphonic constellation". The Sunday Guardian. Archived from the original on 5 August 2016. Retrieved 16 May 2018.
- ^ Ahmad, Asad (1990), Intikhaab-e-Kalaam: Bekhud Badayuni (انتخاب کلام بے خود بدایونی), Lucknow: Uttar Pradesh Urdu Press, p. 88.
- ^ Profile of Daagh Dehlvi on urduadab.com website Retrieved 17 May 2018.
- ^ Profile of Mukhtar Ahmad Ansari Encyclopaedia Britannica.
- ^ History and profile of Jamia Millia Islamia, Delhi (vice-chancellor Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari in 1927), jmi.ac.in. Retrieved 24 August 2017.
- ^ "Dr M A Ansari (1880–1936) president, Madras, 1927". Congress Sandesh, Indian National Congress publication. Archived from the original on 7 March 2002. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
- ^ (Syed Tanvir Wasti, The Indian Red Crescent Mission to the Balkan Wars, Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 45, No. 3, 393–406, May 2009).
- ^ S. Waris 2003, p. 8-14.
- ^ "Ashfaqullah Khan – निर्भय क्रांतिकारी अशफ़ाक उल्ला खान". Jagran blog. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
- ^ "Remembering Ashfaqullah Khan – Kakori Martyr, Poet, Dreamer and Revolutionary Intellectual". The Wire. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
- ^ Gupta, Amit Kumar (September–October 1997). "Defying Death: Nationalist Revolutionism in India, 1897–1938". Social Scientist. 25 (9/10): 3–27. doi:10.2307/3517678. JSTOR 3517678. doi:10.2307/3517678. JSTOR 3517678.
- ^ "3 students forced to end their 'Dawood hunt' after money runs out". Firstpost.com. Firstpost. 4 February 2014. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
- ^ "Treasury Sanctions Two Indian Nationals and a Company Based in Pakistan for Ties to the South Asian Criminal Network 'D Company'". treasury.gov. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
- ^ "DAWOOD IBRAHIM | United Nations Security Council Subsidiary Organs". un.org. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
- ^ The name on the Mumbai street over terror attacks is Dawood Ibrahim. The Times. 13 July 2011.
- ^ "Made outside India". The Economist. 10 August 2013.
- ^ "Dawood 4th 'most wanted' criminal on Forbes list". Times of India. 28 April 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2024.
- ^ Benjamin, Daniel; Simon, Steven (2002). The Age of Sacred Terror. New York: Random House. p. 62. ISBN 978-1-58836-259-9.
It was Sayyid Qutb who fused together the core elements of modern Islamism: the Kharijites' takfir, ibn Taymiyya's fatwas and policy prescriptions, Rashid Rida's salafism, Maududi's concept of the contemporary jahiliyya and Hassan al-Banna's political activism.
- ^ Ami Isseroff (7 December 2008). "Sayyid Qutb". Encyclopedia of the Middle East. Retrieved 9 July 2013.
- Draft articles on biographies
- Draft articles on books
- Draft articles on South Asia
- AfC submissions on history and social sciences
- Pending AfC submissions
- AfC pending submissions by age/2 days ago
- AfC submissions by date/13 December 2024
- AfC submissions by date/03 December 2024
- AfC submissions by date/01 December 2024