The Chamber of Deputies of France at the Palais Bourbon in 1841.Floor plan of the conference hall of the Chamber of Deputies
The Chamber of Deputies (French: Chambre des députés, [ʃɑ̃bʁdedepyte]) was the lower house of parliament in France at various times in the 19th and 20th centuries:[1]
Created by the Charter of 1814 and replacing the Corps législatif, which existed under the First French Empire, the Chamber of Deputies was composed of individuals elected by census suffrage. Its role was to discuss laws and, most importantly, to vote taxes. According to the Charter, deputies were elected for five years, with one-fifth renewed each year. Deputies needed to be 40 years old and to pay 1,000 francs in direct contributions.
Government ministers could be chosen from among the deputies, and this resulted in giving the Restoration government a slight, albeit minor, parliamentary and liberal character.
The Chamber of Deputies was elected by census suffrage according to the Charter of 1830. The political life of the July Monarchy was defined by the split within the Chamber of Deputies between the progressive movement (considered the Charter as a starting point) and the conservative wing (who refused any further modifications). Although both parties traded power in the initial stages, by 1840 the conservative members around François Guizot had seized control.
From 1830, deputies were elected for five years. They needed to be 30 years old and to pay 500 francs in direct contributions.[1]
The king convoked the chamber every year, and he had the power to extend the parliamentary session or to dissolve the chamber, although in the latter case he was required to convoke a new chamber in three months time.
In 1852, the Chamber of Deputies retook the name Corps législatif.
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