Greater trochanter

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Greater trochanter - Wikipedia

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Greater trochanter
Upper extremity of right femur viewed from behind and above.
Details
Origins	Vastus lateralis
Insertions	Obturator internus, gemelli, piriformis, gluteus minimus, gluteus medius
Identifiers
Latin	trochanter major
TA98	A02.5.04.005
TA2	1364
FMA	32852
Anatomical terms of bone [edit on Wikidata]

Same point of view as above of right femur from behind. *Greater trochanter* is labeled at right.

The greater trochanter of the femur is a large, irregular, quadrilateral eminence and a part of the skeletal system.

It is directed lateral and medially and slightly posterior. In the adult it is about 2–4 cm lower than the femoral head.^[1] Because the pelvic outlet in the female is larger than in the male, there is a greater distance between the greater trochanters in the female.

It has two surfaces and four borders. It is a traction epiphysis.^[2]

Surfaces

The lateral surface, quadrilateral in form, is broad, rough, convex, and marked by a diagonal impression, which extends from the postero-superior to the antero-inferior angle, and serves for the insertion of the tendon of the gluteus medius.

Above the impression is a triangular surface, sometimes rough for part of the tendon of the same muscle, sometimes smooth for the interposition of a bursa between the tendon and the bone. Below and behind the diagonal impression is a smooth triangular surface, over which the tendon of the gluteus maximus lies, a bursa being interposed.

The medial surface, of much less extent than the lateral, presents at its base a deep depression, the trochanteric fossa (digital fossa), for the insertion of the tendon of the obturator externus, and above and in front of this an impression for the insertion of the obturator internus and superior and inferior gemellus muscles.

Borders

The superior border is free; it is thick and irregular, and marked near the center by an impression for the insertion of the piriformis.

The inferior border corresponds to the line of junction of the base of the trochanter with the lateral surface of the body; it is marked by a rough, prominent, slightly curved ridge, which gives origin to the upper part of the vastus lateralis.

The anterior border is prominent and somewhat irregular; it affords insertion at its lateral part to the gluteus minimus.

The posterior border is very prominent and appears as a free, rounded edge, which bounds the back part of the trochanteric fossa.

Additional images

Right femur. Anterior surface.
Right femur. Posterior surface.
Right hip-joint from the front.
Capsule of hip-joint (distended). Posterior aspect.
The arteries of the gluteal and posterior femoral regions.
Hip joint. Lateral view. Greater trochanter.

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 244 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

^ Standring, Susan, editor. Gray’s Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. Forty-First edition, Elsevier Limited, 2016, p. 1327.
^ Lovell, Wood W.; Winter, Robert B.; Morrissy, Raymond T.; Stuart L. Weinstein (2006). Lovell and Winter's Pediatric Orthopaedics. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 990. ISBN 978-0-7817-5358-6.

External links

Anatomy figure: 13:01-07 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center
Cross section image: pelvis/pelvis-e12-15—Plastination Laboratory at the Medical University of Vienna
lljoints at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (hipjointanterior, hipjointposterior)
"Anatomy diagram: 02240.006-3". Roche Lexicon – illustrated navigator. Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2012-07-22.

Bones of the human leg

Femur

upper extremity	head fovea neck greater trochanter fossa lesser trochanter intertrochanteric line intertrochanteric crest quadrate tubercle
shaft	linea aspera upper medial: merges with intertrochanteric line upper intermediate: pectineal line upper lateral: gluteal tuberosity / third trochanter
lower extremity	adductor tubercle patellar surface epicondyles lateral medial condyles lateral medial intercondylar fossa

Tibia

upper extremity	Gerdy's tubercle condyles lateral medial intercondylar area
shaft	tuberosity soleal line
lower extremity	medial malleolus Anterior colliculus Posterior colliculus fibular notch

Fibula

lateral malleolus

Other

patella
- apex

Foot

Tarsus	calcaneus sustentaculum tali calcaneal tubercle talus navicular cuboid cuneiform medial intermediate lateral
Metatarsals	1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
Other	Phalanges

Categories:

Hidden categories:

Surfaces

Borders

Additional images

See also

References

External links