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Leontinia Temporal range: Late Oligocene (Deseadan) ~28.4–23.03 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N

Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	†Notoungulata
Family:	†Leontiniidae
Genus:	†Leontinia Ameghino 1895
Species
L. gaudryi Ameghino 1895 (type) L. tertiaria Ameghino 1902

Leontinia is an extinct genus of leontiniid notoungulate. Fossils have been found in the Deseado and Sarmiento Formations in Argentina and Trembembé Formation of Brazil, and are the most abundant remains of any animal found there.^{[citation needed]} The genus dates back to the Late Oligocene, Deseadan in the SALMA classification.^[1]

Description

In Leontinia, the first incisors of the upper jaw are small cropping teeth, while the second are elongated and form caniniform tushes. In the lower jaw it is the third incisors have developed into tushes, not the second. Variations and incisor length have been used to distinguish different species from one another and may possibly provide evidence of sexual dimorphism among certain species. In fact, it has been suggested that different species assigned on the basis of tooth proportion may only represent different genders of the same species.^[2] The nasal bones are highly elevated from the nasal cavity and suggest that the animal may have possessed horns resembling those of the rhinocerotid Diceratherium.

References

^ Leontinia at Fossilworks.org
^ Loomis, F. B. (1914). The Deseado formation of Patagonia. Rumford Press, Concord. pp. 109-121.

Genera of South American native ungulates

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Superorder: Laurasiatheria

Xenungulata, Pyrotheria, Astrapotheria, and other minor groups

†Kollpaniidae?

†Didolodontidae

†Protolipternidae

†Xenungulata

†Carodniidae	Carodnia Etayoa Notoetayoa Rodcania

†Pyrotheria

†Colombitheriidae	Colombitherium Proticia
†Pyrotheriidae	Baguatherium Berracotherium Carolozittelia Griphodon Propyrotherium Pyrotherium

†Astrapotheria

Eoastrapostylops

†Trigonostylopidae

†Astrapotheriidae

Antarctodon Astrapodon Comahuetherium Liarthrus Maddenia Parastrapotherium
†Albertogaudryinae	Albertogaudrya Astraponotus
†Astrapotheriinae	Astrapothericulus Astrapotherium Scaglia
†Uruguaytheriinae	Granastrapotherium Hilarcotherium Uruguaytherium Xenastrapotherium

Litopterna

†Eulitopterna

†Adianthidae

†Macraucheniidae

Polymorphis
†Cramaucheniinae	Caliphrium Coniopternium Cramauchenia Llullataruca Phoenixauchenia Pternoconius Theosodon
†Macraucheniinae	Cullinia Huayqueriana Macrauchenia Macraucheniopsis Micrauchenia Oxyodontherium Paranauchenia Promacrauchenia Scalabrinitherium Windhausenia Xenorhinotherium

†Proterotherioidea

†Anisolambdidae

†Anisolambdinae	Anisolambda Eolicaphrium Guilielmofloweria Lambdaconops Paranisolambda Polyacrodon Protheosodon Wainka
†Sparnotheriodontinae	Heteroglyphis Notiolofos Phoradiadius Sparnotheriodon Victorlemoinea

†Proterotheriidae

Mesolicaphrium Neodolodus Olisanophus Promylophis Prothoatherium Pseudobrachytherium Salladolodus
†Megadolodinae	Bounodus Megadolodus
†Proterotheriinae	Anisolophus Brachytherium Diadiaphorus Diplasiotherium Eoauchenia Epecuenia Epitherium Lambdaconus Neobrachytherium Neolicaphrium Paramacrauchenia Picturotherium Prolicaphrium Proterotherium Tetramerorhinus Thoatheriopsis Thoatherium Uruguayodon Villarroelia

†Notopterna

†Amilnedwardsiidae	Amilnedwardsia Ernestohaeckelia Rutimeyeria
†Indaleciidae	Adiantoides Indalecia
†Notonychopidae	Notonychops Requisia

Incertae sedis

Kyraodus
Proacrodon

Notoungulata

incertae sedis

†Notioprogonia

Satshatemnus Seudenius
†Henricosborniidae	Henricosbornia Nanolophodon Othnielmarshia Peripantostylops Simpsonotus
†Notostylopidae	Boreastylops Chilestylops Edvardotrouessartia Homalostylops Notostylops Otrhonia Parastylops

†Toxodontia

†Isotemnidae

†Typotheria

Campanorco
Griphotherion

†Archaeopithecidae

Archaeopithecus
Teratopithecus

†Oldfieldthomasiidae

†Interatheriidae

Antofagastia Ignigena Johnbell Munizia Punapithecus
†Interatheriinae	Archaeophylus Argyrohyrax Boleatherium Brucemacfaddenia Caenophilus Choichephilum Cochilius Eopachyrucos Federicoanaya Interatherium Juchuysillu Miocochilius Neoicochilus Patriarchus Proargyrohyrax Progaleopithecus Protypotherium Santiagorothia
†Notopithecinae	Antepithecus Guilielmoscottia Notopithecus Transpithecus

†Mesotheriidae

Fiandraia? Trachytherus
†Mesotheriinae	Altitypotherium Caraguatypotherium Eotypotherium Eutypotherium Hypsitherium Mesotherium Microtypotherium Plesiotypotherium Pseudotypotherium Rusconitherium Typotheriopsis

†Pachyrukhini	Pachyrukhos Paedotherium Tremacyllus

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