Leucopaxillus albissimus

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Leucopaxillus albissimus - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Leucopaxillus albissimus

Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Basidiomycota
Class:	Agaricomycetes
Order:	Agaricales
Family:	Tricholomataceae
Genus:	Leucopaxillus
Species:	L. albissimus
Binomial name
*Leucopaxillus albissimus* (Peck) Singer (1939)
Synonyms
Agaricus albissimus Peck (1873)

Leucopaxillus albissimus Mycological characteristics
	Gills on hymenium
	Cap is convex or flat
	Hymenium is decurrent
	Stipe is bare
	Spore print is white
	Ecology is saprotrophic
	Edibility is inedible

Leucopaxillus albissimus, commonly known as the large white leucopaxillus,^[1] is a species of mushroom that lives as a saprobe, decaying the litter under coniferous trees. It produces a large white fruiting body that is unusually resistant to decay.^[2]^[3] It is considered to be inedible.^[4]

Description

The species is generally white, with albissimus meaning 'whitest' in Latin.^[5]

The cap of Leucopaxillus albissimus is 4–20 cm wide, and slowly changes from convex to plane; occasionally the disc is depressed. When young, the margin is incurved and faintly striate. The cap's surface is dry, unpolished, and smooth; in moderate weather, it becomes scaled and a shade of cream to cream-buff.^[6] As it ages, the cap's surface turns buff-tan. Overall, the flesh is white, moderately thick, and has a mild odor.^[7] Gills are crowded, broad, and decurrent. Although they are originally cream-colored, the gills turn buff-tan with age.^[8] Varying from 3–7 cm in length, the stipe of Leucopaxillus albissimus is 2.5–4 cm thick, stout, and often enlarged at the base. The surface of the stipe varies from smooth to finely-scaled and is a cream color when young; it may turn buff-tan in age. When handled, it bruises pale buff-brown at the base.^[9]

Leucopaxillus albissimus has a white spore print. The elliptical spores are ornamented with amyloid warts. The spores measure 5–7 x 3.5–5 μm.^[10]

While the biological reason for the trait is unknown, the species demonstrates a tendency not to rot.^[5]

Habitat

Primarily residing under conifers and hardwoods, Leucopaxillus albimissus is often scattered or gregarious in arcs or rings. It fruits from mid to late winter in California, and in autumn in other parts of North America.^[11]

Similar species

Leucopaxillus gentianeus is closely related. Clitocybe species may appear similar due to the decurrent gills.^[12]

References

^ Thiers, Harry D.; Arora, David (September 1980). "Mushrooms Demystified". Mycologia. 72 (5): 1054. doi:10.2307/3759750. ISSN 0027-5514.
^ "Rogers Mushrooms ; Mushroom Pictures & Mushroom Reference". Archived from the original on 2008-07-04. Retrieved 2009-06-18.
^ Wood, Michael; Fred Stevens. "California Fungi—Leucopaxillus albissimus". MykoWeb. Retrieved 2009-06-18.
^ Phillips, Roger (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books. p. 67. ISBN 978-1-55407-651-2.
^ ^a ^b Trudell, Steve; Ammirati, Joe (2009). Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest. Timber Press Field Guides. Portland, OR: Timber Press. p. 111. ISBN 978-0-88192-935-5.
^ McKenny et al.: p. 83
^ Kuo, M. (February 2007). "Leucopaxillus albissimus". MushroomExpert.Com. Retrieved 2009-06-18.
^ Arora (1986) p. 167
^ Arora (1991): p. 58
^ Lincoff GH (1981). The Audubon Society field guide to North American mushrooms. Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 0-394-51992-2.
^ Miller: sp. 160
^ Davis, R. Michael; Sommer, Robert; Menge, John A. (2012). Field Guide to Mushrooms of Western North America. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 138. ISBN 978-0-520-95360-4. OCLC 797915861.

Taxon identifiers
Leucopaxillus albissimus	Wikidata: Q6534177 AusFungi: 60026032 CoL: 6PSS5 EoL: 2927517 GBIF: 7242205 iNaturalist: 67351 IndexFungorum: 299738 MycoBank: 299738 NatureServe: 2.1062650 NCBI: 71893 NZOR: 9c0ada79-5a8d-4491-a85f-3a0da0851d68 Open Tree of Life: 518859 SpeciesFungorum: 299738
Agaricus albissimus	Wikidata: Q59531481 AusFungi: 60026030 CoL: 65M2B GBIF: 5456376 IndexFungorum: 375344 MycoBank: 375344 SpeciesFungorum: 375344

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